The Indications and Findings at Colonoscopy in a Tertiary Hospital in North-Central Nigeria: A Seven-Year Review.

BACKGROUND: Colonoscopy is an invaluable tool used in the diagnosis of colorectal diseases. It is also useful in the prevention and treatment of some of these diseases. The knowledge of the prevailing colorectal diseases is key to planning for prevention. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed at determining the spectra of indications and findings at colonoscopy in a tertiary health facility. METHODS: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study of all patients who underwent colonoscopy between March 2013 and February 2020. The patients' biodata, indications and findings at colonoscopy were retrieved from the Endoscopy Register. RESULTS: A total of 385 colonoscopy reports were included in the analysis. The age of the patients ranged from 14 to 95 years with a mean age (standard deviation) of 55.9 (15.4) years. There were 219 (57.0%) males and 166 (43.0%) females. The commonest indication for colonoscopy was haematochezia 150 (38.9%) followed by suspected colorectal malignancy 98 (25.5%), abdominal pain 28 (7.3%), altered bowel habit 21 (5.5%), constipation 20 (5.2%), chronic diarrhoea 19 (4.9%), surveillance/ screening 16 (4.2%), occult bleeding and anal pain 7 (1.8%) each, and others 19 (4.9%). The colonoscopy findings were normal findings 116 (30.1%), haemorrhoids 127 (32.9%), colorectal polyps 70 (18.2%), diverticulosis 46 (11.9%), rectal tumour 43 (11.2%), colonic tumour 32 (8.3%), colitis 23 (5.9%), angiodysplasias 6 (1.6), others 12 (3.1%). The findings were not mutually exclusive. Our diagnostic yield was 69.9%. CONCLUSION: The commonest indication and diagnosis for colonoscopy were haematochezia and haemorrhoids respectively. Our diagnostic yield was 69.9%.

CONTEXTE: La coloscopie est un outil précieux utilisé dans le diagnostic des maladies colorectales. Il est également utile dans la prévention et le traitement de certaines de ces maladies. La connaissance des maladies colorectales prédominantes est essentielle à la planification de la prévention. OBJECTIFS: Cette étude visait à déterminer les spectres d'indications et les résultats à la coloscopie dans un établissement de santé tertiaire. MÉTHODES: Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale en milieu hospitalier portant sur tous les patients ayant subi une coloscopie entre mars 2013 et février 2020. Les données biographiques, les indications et les résultats de la coloscopie des patients ont été extraits du registre d'endoscopie. RÉSULTATS: Un total de 385 rapports de coloscopie ont été inclus dans l'analyse. L'âge des patients variait de 14 à 95 ans avec un âge moyen (écart type) de 55,9 (15,4) ans. Il y avait 219 (57,0%) hommes et 166 (43,0 %) femmes. L'indication la plus courante de la coloscopie était l'hématochézie 150 (38,9%) suivie d'une suspicion de malignité colorectale 98 (25,5%), de douleurs abdominales 28 (7,3%), d'altération des habitudes intestinales 21 (5,5%), de constipation 20 (5,2%), de diarrhée chronique 19 (4,9 %), surveillance/dépistage 16 (4,2 %), saignement occulte et douleur anale 7 (1,8 %) chacun, et autres 19 (4,9 %). Les résultats de la coloscopie étaient normaux 116 (30,1%), hémorroïdes 127 (32,9%), polypes colorectaux 70 (18,2%), diverticulose 46 (11,9%), tumeur rectale 43 (11,2%), tumeur colique 32 (8,3%), colite 23 (5,9 %), angiodysplasies 6 (1,6), autres 12 (3,1%). Les résultats n'étaient pas mutuellement exclusifs. Notre rendement diagnostique était de 69,9 %. CONCLUSION: L'indication et le diagnostic les plus courants de la coloscopie étaient respectivement l'hématochézie et les hémorroïdes. Notre rendement diagnostique était de 69,9 %. Mots clés: Maladies colorectales, coloscopie, indications, spectres, rendement diagnostique.

Knowledge of Breast Cancer and Practice of Breast Cancer Screening among Female Teachers in an Urban Local Government Area in Lagos State, Southwestern Nigeria.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is a global health concern and a leading cause of death among women in the world. Enhancing breast cancer screening in developing countries is pivotal in improving women's health. Aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of breast cancer and practices of breast cancer screening. METHODS: Study design was a descriptive cross sectional study among 348 public senior secondary school female teachers in Surulere LGA. Data was collected using a pretested, structured, open-ended and close-ended self-administered questionnaire. Questions on knowledge of breast cancer and practice of breast cancer screening were scored and graded as good (>50%) and poor (< 50%). The Univariate and bivariate analyses were carried out. Pvalue <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 332 out of the 348 administered questionnaires were retrieved and analyzed giving a response rate of 95.40%. Respondents' ages ranged from 24-58 years with a mean of 42.61±5.53 years. Overall knowledge of breast cancer was good among 308(92.77%) of the respondents. Majority 264(79.52%) of the respondents performed breast self-examination (BSE), 240(72.29%) have had clinical breast examination (CBE) performed for them by a health personnel and 216(65.06%) of the respondents reported they have had a mammogram. CONCLUSION: Majority of the respondents had good knowledge of breast cancer. Most common practice of breast cancer screening was BSE, followed by CBE and lastly mammogram. Health education/awareness campaigns are therefore recommended to improve and sustain the existing knowledge and breast cancer screening practices.