RESUMO
La hipoacusia tiene una incidencia notable entre los recién nacidos. Una intervención temprana durante el período de maduración auditiva permite minimizar los efectos en el desarrollo intelectual del infante. Se propone el desarrollo de un Registrador de Emisiones Otoacústicas Transientes como parte de un sistema de cribado neonatal basado en microcontroladores de alto rendimiento. La prueba consiste en aplicar periódicamente un estímulo tipo chasquido para obtener la respuesta coclear. Se promedian las señales adquiridas y se aplica la Transformada Rápida de Fourier. El espectro obtenido es dividido en bandas de media octava para analizar la correlación y la relación señal-ruido. Si estos parámetros son mayores que los umbrales de referencia en la mayoría de las bandas, se considera al paciente apto para el desarrollo normal. El firmware fue implementado sobre el procesador STM32F405 y evaluado con el simulador Baby Isao; obteniéndose una sensibilidad del 87.5 por ciento y una especificidad del 93.75 por ciento(AU)
Hearing loss is highly incident among newborns. Early intervention during the period of auditory maturation allows adequate levels of intellectual development to be achieved. The development of a Transient Otoacoustic Emissions Recorder is proposed as part of a neonatal screening system based on high-performance microcontrollers. The test consists of periodically applying a click stimulus to obtain the cochlear response. The acquired signals are averaged and the Fast Fourier Transform is applied. The spectrum obtained is divided into half-octave bands to assess the correlation as well as the signal-noise ratio. If these parameters are greater than the reference thresholds in most of the bands, the patient is considered suitable for normal cognitive development. The firmware was implemented on the STM32F405 processor and evaluated with the Baby Isao simulator; obtaining a sensitivity of 87.5 percent and a specificity of 93.75 percent(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Triagem Neonatal , Emissões Otoacústicas Espontâneas , Análise de Fourier , Perda Auditiva/epidemiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prescribing pattern of psychotropic drugs to affiliates over 60 years of age at the National Institute of Social Services for Retirees and Pensioners of Argentina (PAMI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of the at the National Institute of Social Services for Retirees and Pensioners of Argentina (PAMI) database on the population over 60 years of age who received at least one psychotropic drug during 2016. RESULTS: During the year 2016, 30% of the population over 60 years of age received the prescription of at least one psychotropic drug. There was a greater prescription of psychotropic drugs to women than to men (75.3% vs. 24.7%). Of the drugs prescribed, 67% were benzodiazepines, 20% were antidepressants, 9% were antipsychotics and 4% were non-benzodiazepine hypnotics. 54% of the drugs prescribed were clonazepam and alprazolam. 21% of the population received three or more prescriptions during the period studied. There was a relatively greater prescription of psychotropic drugs in the population of 75 years old or older. CONCLUSIONS: Taking into account the risks of adverse effects, interactions and the inclusion of some of these drugs among those that should not be prescribed among older adults, the high prescription rate of some of these drugs is alarming. It is necessary to develop strategies among general practitioners, specialists and also among the general population in order to reduce the prescription of psychotropic drugs.
