The #Rights4metoo Scale: a tool to monitor compliance with the convention on the rights of persons with disabilities / La escala #YoTambién Tengo Derechos: Una herramienta para monitorizar la convención sobre los derechos de las personas con discapacidad

There is a lack of psychometrically validated tools to evaluate the extent to which people with intellectual disability (ID) truly exercise their rights in all areas of their lives. The aim of this article is to provide evidence about the usefulness and reliability of the pilot version of the #Rights4MeToo Scale, an instrument based on the Quality of Life Supports Model. The scale can be self-reported by people with ID or hetero-reported by family members or professionals. First, through a qualitative study with self-advocates with ID, we provide evidence about the need and usefulness of this tool to understand and monitor compliance with the Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). Next, we present preliminary data on the internal consistency of the items that make up the pilot version, analyzing the responses of 1,200 people with ID, family members, and professionals. The #Rights4MeToo Scale will make it possible to conduct national studies on compliance with the CRPD, not to mention international comparative studies when the scale is adapted to the legal and cultural context of other countries. (AU)

Resulta urgente e ineludible contar con herramientas, con adecuadas evidencias de validez y fiabilidad, que permitan evaluar hasta qué punto las personas con discapacidad intelectual (DI) verdaderamente ejercen sus derechos en todos los ámbitos de su vida. El objetivo de este artículo consiste en proporcionar evidencias acerca de la utilidad y la fiabilidad de la versión preliminar de la escala #YoTambién Tengo Derechos, un instrumento diseñado a partir del Modelo de Calidad de Vida y Apoyos. La escala puede ser autoinformada por personas con DI o heteroinformada por familiares o profesionales. Por un lado, mediante un estudio cualitativo con autogestores con DI se proporcionan evidencias acerca de la necesidad y la utilidad de esta herramienta para conocer y monitorizar el cumplimiento de la Convención. Por otro lado, presentamos datos preliminares de la consistencia interna de los ítems, analizando las respuestas de 1.200 personas con DI, familiares y profesionales. La escala #YoTambién Tengo Derechos permitirá llevar a cabo estudios nacionales sobre el cumplimiento de la Convención sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad y, con su adaptación al contexto legal y cultural de otros países, estudios comparativos internacionales. (AU)

Personal Factors, Living Environments, and Specialized Supports: Their Role in the Self-Determination of People with Intellectual Disability.

The self-determination of people with disabilities, and specifically people with intellectual disabilities (ID), is a growing issue due to its relevance in the field of inclusion and human rights. Although research has shown a significant relationship between self-determination and intelligence, other factors also contribute to its development. The purpose of this study was to understand what other variables may be influencing self-determination. Using the scores from 483 adolescents and adults with ID who completed the AUTODDIS scale, we performed inferential and regression analyses to determine the relationships between levels of self-determination, personal variables (sex, age, severity of ID), and contextual variables (living environment, specialized supports). We found that self-determination is affected by the severity of ID, and when this variable is controlled for, greater self-determination is mainly related to receiving occupational support and support for autonomy and independent living. Results also showed that, together with ID severity, occupational and psychoeducational support, as well as support for autonomy and independent living, were also predictors of the level of self-determination. In conclusion, this study confirms the importance of contextual variables in the development of self-determination in people with ID, placing the focus of intervention on social opportunities.

The Right to Sexuality, Reproductive Health, and Found a Family for People with Intellectual Disability: A Systematic Review.

Although sexuality, reproductive health, and starting a family are human rights that should be guaranteed for all citizens, they are still taboo issues for people with intellectual disability (ID), and even more so for women with ID. This paper systematically reviews the current qualitative and quantitative evidence on the rights of people with ID in regard to Articles 23 (right to home and family) and 25 (health, specifically sexual and reproductive health) of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). A systematic review of the current literature, following PRISMA 2020, was carried out in ERIC, PsychInfo, Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest, and Web of Science. In all, 151 articles were included for review. The studies were categorized into six themes: attitudes, intimate relationships, sexual and reproductive health, sexuality and sex education, pregnancy, and parenthood. There are still many barriers that prevent people with ID from fully exercising their right to sexuality, reproductive health, and parenthood, most notably communicative and attitudinal barriers. These findings underline the need to continue advancing the rights of people with ID, relying on Schalock and Verdurgo's eight-dimensional quality of life model as the ideal conceptual framework for translating such abstract concepts into practice and policy.