Epidemiología y manejo de la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad durante más de una década / Epidemiology and management of community acquired pneumonia: more than 10 years experience

Objetivo: Describir las características de los pacientes diagnosticados de neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC) en nuestra zona básica de salud, su manejo, evolución y utilización de escalas pronósticas impulsados por los escasos estudios realizados desde Atención Primaria (AP) sobre estos aspectos. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo transversal sobre la población de 3 centros de salud urbanos, diagnosticada de NAC en el periodo del 1/1/2000 al 31/7/2013, obteniéndose una muestra de 1.290 pacientes. Resultados: El 56,1% eran hombres y la edad media de la población era de 61,9 años. El 22,7% eran fumadores. El 59,9% presentaba patología existente en las escalas pronósticas, estando presente la diabetes mellitus en un 20%. El 36,1% tenía patología pulmonar (17,6% EPOC, 11,8% asma). En AP se diagnosticaron el 43,2% del total. La radiografía diagnóstica estaba presente en el 92,7% de los casos y la de control en el 59,4%. Se registraron escalas pronósticas en el 2% de los casos. Los antibióticos más utilizados fueron amoxicilina-clavulánico (30,7%) y levofloxacino (30,4%). Tener patología previa incrementa en 1,6 el riesgo de retratamiento [ICred 95% (1,1-2,2)]. El riesgo de mortalidad se multiplica por 5,3 en caso de presentar patología previa [ICred 95% (1,3-19,2]. Conclusiones: En nuestro medio la NAC es una enfermedad frecuente y potencialmente grave, la cual la presentan -en la mitad de los casos- pacientes con comorbilidad asociada. Si hablamos de tratamiento y manejo, cabe destacar el amplio uso que hacemos de amoxicilina-clavulánico frente a un uso escaso de amoxicilina, terapia combinada y escalas pronósticas

Objective: To describe the characteristics of patients diagnosed with Community Acquired Pneumonia in this basic health area, their management, outcomes, and use of prognostic scales driven by the few studies carried out from Primary Care on these aspects. Material and methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study on a population diagnosed with Community Acquired Pneumonia if three urban health centres, during the period January 2000 to 31 July 2103. Results: Out of a sample of 1,290 patients obtained, 56.1% were men, and the mean age of the population was 61.9 years. There were 22.7% smokers. More than half (59.9%) had a disease in the prognostic scales, with Diabetes Mellitus present in 20%, and 36.1% with pulmonary disease (17.6% COPD, 11.8% asthma). Just under half (43.2%) of the total patients were diagnosed in Primary Care. There was a diagnostic X-ray in 92.7% of the cases, and a follow-up X-ray in 59.4%. Prognostic scales were recorded in 2% of the cases. The most commonly used antibiotics were amoxicillin-clavulanic (30.7%) and levofloxacin (30.4%). Having prior disease increases the risk of re-treatment by 1.6 (95% CI; 1.1-2.2)]. The mortality risk is multiplied by 5.3 on having a previous disease (95% CI; 1.3-19.2). Conclusions: In the Primary Care setting, Community Acquired Pneumonia is a common and potentially serious disease which, in half the cases, occurs in patients with associated comorbidity. As regards treatment and management, is highlighted the wide use made of amoxicillin-clavulanic, compared to the low use of amoxicillin, combined therapy, and prognostic scales

[Epidemiology and management of community acquired pneumonia: more than 10 years experience]. / Epidemiología y manejo de la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad durante más de una década.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics of patients diagnosed with Community Acquired Pneumonia in this basic health area, their management, outcomes, and use of prognostic scales driven by the few studies carried out from Primary Care on these aspects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional study on a population diagnosed with Community Acquired Pneumonia if three urban health centres, during the period January 2000 to 31 July 2103. RESULTS: Out of a sample of 1,290 patients obtained, 56.1% were men, and the mean age of the population was 61.9 years. There were 22.7% smokers. More than half (59.9%) had a disease in the prognostic scales, with Diabetes Mellitus present in 20%, and 36.1% with pulmonary disease (17.6% COPD, 11.8% asthma). Just under half (43.2%) of the total patients were diagnosed in Primary Care. There was a diagnostic X-ray in 92.7% of the cases, and a follow-up X-ray in 59.4%. Prognostic scales were recorded in 2% of the cases. The most commonly used antibiotics were amoxicillin-clavulanic (30.7%) and levofloxacin (30.4%). Having prior disease increases the risk of re-treatment by 1.6 (95% CI; 1.1-2.2)]. The mortality risk is multiplied by 5.3 on having a previous disease (95% CI; 1.3-19.2). CONCLUSIONS: In the Primary Care setting, Community Acquired Pneumonia is a common and potentially serious disease which, in half the cases, occurs in patients with associated comorbidity. As regards treatment and management, is highlighted the wide use made of amoxicillin-clavulanic, compared to the low use of amoxicillin, combined therapy, and prognostic scales.