Accumulation, distribution pattern and potential contamination of sulphur in vineyard soils of the Valdepeñas protected denomination origin.

Soil is the basis for almost all global agriculture and the medium in which most terrestrial biological activity occurs. Viticulture represents an important agricultural practice in the Castilla-La Mancha (CLM) community. In this region, there are several protected denominations of origin (PDO), the largest being Valdepeñas. This paper describes the accumulation pattern of sulphur (S) in the vineyard soils of this PDO. Samples were collected from 90 vineyard soil profiles. Sulphur content was determined using an X-ray Fluorescence spectrometer in the solid mode on a powdered aliquot of each sample. The results indicated that the total S in soils varied from 0.54 to 6.90 (g·kg-1) in surface soil (0-30 cm) and from 0.39 to 2.80 (g·kg-1) on the subsurface layer (30-80 cm). When comparing the mean values of surface horizons to the subsurface horizons, S content lowered as soil depth increased. Kurtosis exceeded 45 % in all cases, which indicates a wide variability of concentrations. These findings can be explained by the continuous fertiliser and fungicide applications (and therefore S) in these production systems. Using the geoaccumulation index (Igeo), most soils were included in Class 0 (Igeo <0) and were, thus, S uncontaminated; only a few points can be considered pollutants. The obtained results should contribute to extend the scarce existing database on S in Mediterranean regions like that herein studied.

Environmental assessment of potential toxic trace element contents in the inundated floodplain area of Tablas de Daimiel wetland (Spain).

Contamination of aquatic systems with potentially toxic trace elements (PTEs) is a major problem throughout the world. The National Park Tablas de Daimiel (NPTD) is considered to make up one of the two most important wetlands in the Biosphere Reserve called "Wet Spot." Since PTEs are good indicator of the prevailing environmental conditions and possible contamination, soil samples collected from 43 sites were analyzed in order to investigate the levels and its distribution of these elements, in the inundated floodplain area of the NPTD wetland. In addition, some physicochemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity and organic matter were measured. The total concentrations of 32 trace elements were determined by X-ray fluorescence. The results show that there was accumulation of lead (Pb), tin (Sn), selenium (Se), antimony (Sb), copper (Cu), vanadium (V), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), strontium (Sr) and zirconium (Zr)-in some cases at high concentrations. The interpolated maps showed that the distributions of some of these elements and in some cases the trend in spatial variability are pronounced and decrease from the inlet to the outlet. The values for some elements are higher than the reference values, which is consistent with contamination (some values are higher by a factor of more than 10 compared to the reference). In the case of iodine (I), the levels at some sample points are significantly more than ten times the reference; Se appears in the range from 1.0 to 9.8 mg/kg, with an average value of 3.1 mg/kg, and these can be considered as seleniferous soils. The concentrations found are consistent with the introduction in the wetland of pollution by human activities, such as agricultural non-point sources, uncontrolled fertilization over many years, treatment with urban wastewater and other possible sources.

El fenformin y la actividad fibrinolitica en la trombosis venosa recurrencial. / Phenformin and fibrinolitic activity in recurrent venous thrombosis

Se realiza un estudio con el objetivo de determinar el efecto del fenformin sobre la actividad fibrinolitica en los pacientes que presentan trombosis venosa recurrencial (TVRC). Se estudiaron 10 pacientes a quienes se les diagnostico dicha enfermedad en el servicio de flebolinfologia del Instituto de Angiologia en el periodo comprendido de marzo a septiembre de 1980 y que al examen de laboratorio presentaban alteraciones de la actividad fibrinolitica. Se determino el porcentaje de lisis de sangre total y la lisis de euglobulina antes y despues del tratamiento en cada uno de los pacientes, y se compararon estos dos grupos de valores, a traves del estadistico (no parametrico) para muestras pareadas, sin encontrarse diferencias estadisticamente significativas entre los mismos, aunque se observa tendencia al aumento de la actividad fibrinolitica despues del tratamiento

El fenformin y la actividad fibrinolitica en la trombosis venosa recurrencial. / Phenforin and fibrinolitic activity in recurrent venous thrombosis

Se realiza un estudio con el objetivo de determinar el efecto del fenformin sobre la actividad fibrinolitica en los pacientes que presentan trombosis venosa recurrencial (TVRC). Se estudiaron 10 pacientes a quienes se les diagnostico dicha enfermedad en el servicio de flebolinfologia del Instituto de Angiologia en el periodo comprendido de marzo a septiembre de 1980 y que al examen de laboratorio presentaban alteraciones de la actividad fibrinolitica. Se determino el porcentaje de lisis de sangre total y la lisis de euglobulina antes y despues del tratamiento en cada uno de los pacientes, y se compararon estos dos grupos de valores, a traves del estadistico (no parametrico) para muestras pareadas, sin encontrarse diferencias estadisticamente significativas entre los mismos, aunque se observa tendencia al aumento de la actividad fibrinolitica despues del tratamiento

Estudios de coagulación en pacientes sometidos a amputación mayor / Coagulation studies in patients submitted to major amputation

Se estudia una serie de 80 pacientes a quienes se amputaron miembros inferiores por causa vascular ingresados en el Instituto de Angiología desde mayo de 1979 hasta septiembre de 1980; 38 de ellos eran arteroscleróticos diabéticos y 42 ateroscleróticos no diabéticos. A cada paciente se le realizaron las siguientes determinaciones: productos de degradación del fibrinógeno (PDF); fibrinógeno, gelación con etanol; y lisis de euglobulinas, el día previo a la amputación, el día de la misma y los días 1ro., 3ro., 6to. y 9no. después de la intervención quirúrgica. Los resultados del grupo que presentó trombosis vascular (TV) intraoperatoria y los del grupo que la presentó posoperatoriamente se compararon con las del grupo que no sufrió complicaciones trombóticas, mediante la prueba de X2 (AU)