Discopexia e fisioterapia no tratamento do deslocamento de disco articular sem redução / Discopexy and physiotherapy in the treatment of articular disc displacement withou reduction

A articulação temporomandibular está vunerável a várias condições de anormalidades já bastante conhecidas, dentre elas, o deslocamento do disco articular sem redução, considerado pela literatura o mais comum das patologias desta região. A deterioração do quadro pode ser um indicativo da necessidade cirúrgica. Em específico, no deslocamento de disco sem redução, o reposicionamento definitivo pode ser adquirido através de discopexia e artrocentese. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso clínico de deslocamento de disco articular bilateral sem redução, apresentando a importância da fisioterapia associada à abordagem cirúrgia na recuperação da função mandibular, bem como, reforçar a importância de uma abordagem conjunta entre análise clínica e imaginológica para resolução de casos. Paciente feminino cursando com diversos sintomas em face e pescoço de forma progressiva ao longo de dois anos foi submetida a cirurgia na articulação temporo-mandibular, onde foi feita a discopexia através de ancoragem dos discos articulares com parafusos. A avaliação física, assim como, a imaginológica, ajudaram na confirmação do diagnóstico. A abordagem cirurgica adotada no tratamento deste caso foi descrita na literatura desde o final do século XIX. Conclui-se que, o método utilizado no tratamento do deslocamento de disco sem redução deve ser baseado nos sinais e sintomas do paciente, cuja abordagem deve ser readequada de acordo com as mudanças do quadro apresentado. Nesta análise, a abordagem cirúrgica associada à fisioterapia específica para as estruturas musculoesquelética da face trouxeram resultados positivos(AU)

The temporomandibular joint is responsible for several well-known conditions of abnormalities, among them, the joint disc displacement without reduction, considered by the literature the most common pathology of this region. Deterioration of the condition may be indicative of surgical need. Specifically, in displacement disc without reduction, definitive repositioning can be achieved through discopexy and arthrocentesis. The aim of the present study is to report a case of unilateral articular disc displacement without reduction, as well the importance of physiotherapy associated with the surgical approach in the recovery of mandibular function, as well as reinforcing the importance of a joint approach between clinical and imaging analysis for case resolution. Female patient with several symptoms in the face and neck progressively over two years, underwent surgery in the temporomandibular joint, where discopexy was performed by anchoring the articular discs with screws. The physical assessment, as well as the imaging, helped to confirm the diagnosis. The surgical approach adopted in the treatment of this case has been described in the literature since the end of the 19th century. In conclusion, the method used to treat articular disc displacement without reduction should be based on the patient's signs and symptoms, whose approach should be readjusted according to the changes in the presented picture. In this analysis, the surgical approach associated with specific physiotherapy for the musculoskeletal structures of the face brought positive results(AU)

Procedimento endodôntico regenerativo usando fibrina rica em plaquetas e leucócitos associada à cirurgia apical: relato de caso / Regenerative endodontic procedure using leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin associated with apical surgery: case report

ntrodução: A cirurgia parendodôntica é uma alternativa ao tratamento endodôntico convencional, principalmente em casos envolvendo lesões perirradiculares associadas a processos osteolíticos, em que a terapia endodôntica convencional ou seu retratamento não obtiveram sucesso. Novos métodos terapêuticos têm ganhado espaço na clínica odontológica para esse tipo de caso, entre os quais se destaca a fibrina rica em plaquetas e leucócitos, que, ao concentrar e permitir uma liberação mais prolongada dos fatores de crescimento, promove uma modulação do processo reparador. Esse processo é baseado na otimização da regeneração tecidual através da inserção da membrana de fibrina. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar, por meio do relato de um caso clínico, a utilização de fibrina rica em plaquetas e leucócitos em cirurgia parendodôntica, com intuito de reparo ósseo. Resultados: O acompanhamento clínico e tomográfico foi realizado após 190 dias, momento no qual foi constatada ausência de sintomatologia, bem como completo reparo da lesão e restabelecimento do osso cortical vestibular, além de ausência de lesão detectável em tomografia. Conclusão: No caso clínico relatado, houve uma completa regeneração tecidual da área envolvida na lesão (AU).

Introduction: Parendodontic surgery is an alternative to conventional endodontic treatment, especially in cases involving periradicular lesions associated with osteolytic processes, in which conventional endodontic therapy or retreatment was not successful. New therapeutic methods for the treatment of these cases have ground in clinical dentistry . For example, leukocyteand platelet-rich fibrin which has a higher concentration and more prolonged release of growth factors, modulates the repair process. This process is based on the optimization of tissue regeneration through the insertion of fibrin membrane. Objective: The objective of this study is to report a case in which leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin associated with parendodontic surgery was used for bone repair. Results: Clinical and tomographic follow-up was performed after 72 days, which revealed absence of any symptoms, complete repair of the lesion, buccal cortical bone regeneration, and absence of detectable lesion on tomography. Conclusion: There was complete tissue regeneration at the lesion site(AU).

Histologic Evaluation of Leucocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin in the Inflammatory Process and Repair of Noncritical Bone Defects in the Calvaria of Rats.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of leucocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) on the inflammatory process, tissue repair, and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on bone defects in the calvaria of rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: L-PRF was obtained from three animals submitted to cardiac puncture to prepare the membranes. Two noncritical defects with a diameter of 2 mm were created in the calvaria of 15 Wistar rats. The defects on the right side were filled with a blood clot (CTRL) and the left side with L-PRF. After 5, 15, and 30 days, the animals were euthanized and the specimens processed for histologic, histomorphometric, and immunohistochemical analyses. In order to measure the intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate and VEGF expression, scores were assigned from 0 to 3, with 0 being no expression, 1 discrete (up to 25%), 2 moderate (between 25% and 50%), and 3 intense (> 50%) expression. The area of bone neoformation at the edges of the defects was also quantified. RESULTS: A less intense inflammatory infiltrate was observed in the defects filled with L-PRF compared with CTRL at all times analyzed (P < .05). At 5 days, no bone neoformation was observed in any of the groups evaluated. After 15 and 30 days, greater bone neoformation was observed in the group treated with L-PRF compared with the CTRL group (P < .05). At 15 days, 3,871.8 (1,070.15) µm2 were recorded for the CTRL and 49,978.5 (14,360.7) µm2 in the L-PRF. At 30 days, 62,284.5 (3,579.5) µm2 were observed in the CTRL and 154,076.6 (31,464.9) µm2 in the L-PRF. At all evaluated times, a lower inflammatory infiltrate was observed in the group treated with L-PRF compared with the CTRL. VEGF expression was observed in the initial phase and throughout the tissue repair process in both groups. At 5 days, there was no difference in VEGF expression between the groups. VEGF was present at the initial phase and throughout the tissue repair process in both groups. In the L-PRF group, a decrease in VEGF expression was observed at 15 and 30 days compared with the CTRL group. CONCLUSION: L-PRF had a positive effect on the regenerative process of bony defects, with a reduced inflammatory response and greater bone neoformation.

Cuidados odontológicos em portadores de insuficência renal crônica / Dental Care of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

Pacientes com insuficiência renal crônica apresentam um alto índice de alterações sistêmicas, e a presença dedano renal afeta significativamente o diagnóstico e a conduta terapêutica. A perda das funções regulatória eexcretória dos rins causa manifestações orais e múltiplas complicações os quais têm implicações no tratamentoodontológico. Os cuidados odontológicos nesses pacientes podem ser complexos devido à condição sistêmicaque resulta da função renal inadequada. Desta forma, o cirurgião-dentista deve estar familiarizado com acomplexidade desse grupo de pacientes. A manutenção da saúde oral é muito importante, uma vez que essespacientes são candidatos em potencial ao transplante renal.

Patients with chronic renal failure present a high number of systemic alterations which greatly affect diagnosis and therapeutic measures. The loss of the regulatory and excretory functions of the kidneys causes oral manifestations and multiple complications which carry implications in dental care. The latter may become very complex on account of the medical conditions that result from inadequately functioning kidneys. Therefore,the maintenance of these patients' oral health is very important since they are potential candidates to renal transplantation.