Evaluating three biomarkers as prognostic factors of in-hospital mortality and severity in heart failure: A prospective cohort.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the relationship between red blood cell distribution width (RDW, %), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (pg/ml), high sensitivity-c-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (mg/l), in-hospital mortality and disease severity among patients with heart failure (HF). METHODS: Prospective cohort. We included adults diagnosed with acute non-ischemic HF in 2015. The dependent variables were in-hospital mortality (yes or no) and disease severity. The latter was assessed with the Get With The Guidelines-HF score. We used hierarchical regression models to describe the pattern of association between biomarkers, mortality, and severity. We used the Youden index to identify the best cut-off for mortality prediction. RESULTS: We included 167 patients; the mean age was 72.61 (SD: 11.06). The majority of patients presented with New York Heart Association classification II (40.12%) or III (43.11%). After adjusting for age and gender, all biomarkers were associated with mortality. After adding comorbidities, only IL-6 was associated. The final model with all clinical variables showed no effect from any biomarker. The best cut-off for RDW, hs-CRP and IL-6 for mortality were 14.8, 68.7 and 52.9, respectively. IL-6 presented the highest sensitivity (100%), specificity (75.35%) and area under the curve (0.91). CONCLUSIONS: No biomarker is independent from the most important clinical variables; therefore it should not be used for management modifications.

Características clínico epidemiológicas de la insuficiencia cardíaca aguda en un hospital terciario de lima, Perú / Epidemiological Clinical Characteristics of Acute Cardiac Insufficiency in a Tertiary Hospital in Lima, Peru

RESUMEN Con el objetivo de describir las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la insuficiencia cardiaca aguda (ICA), se realizó un estudio descriptivo en 1075 pacientes de un hospital de Lima. La edad promedio fue 74 años y el 55% fueron de sexo masculino. El 39% tuvo ICA con fracción de eyección reducida, el 15% con fracción de eyección de rango medio y el 46% con fracción de eyección preservada. Las comorbilidades más frecuentes fueron la hipertensión arterial (52,6%) y la enfermedad coronaria (51%). El 29,2% de los pacientes tuvo hospitalizaciones previas por ICA. La mediana de la estancia hospitalaria fue de 3 días. La mortalidad intrahospitalaria por todas las causas fue 7,2%. La hospitalización ocurre, predominantemente, en pacientes de edad avanzada y con múltiples comorbilidades. El bajo uso de fármacos recomendados, conjuntamente con la alta frecuencia de hospitalizaciones previas, probablemente, inciden en la alta tasa de mortalidad registrada en el presente estudio.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of acute heart failure (AHF) in 1,075 patients from a hospital in Lima, Peru. The average patient age was 74 years and 55% of study subjects were men. Moreover, 39% of patients in the sample had AHF with low ejection fraction, 15% had intermediate ejection fraction, and 46% had preserved ejection fraction. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (52.6%) and coronary disease (51%). Moreover, 29.2% of patients had previous hospitalizations due to AHF. The median hospital stay was 3 days. The rate of in- hospital mortality from all causes was 7.2%. Hospitalization was more common in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. The low use of prescription drugs together with the high rate of previous hospitalizations may explain the high mortality rate reported in this study.

[Epidemiological Clinical Characteristics of Acute Cardiac Insufficiency in a Tertiary Hospital in Lima, Peru]. / Características clínico epidemiológicas de la insuficiencia cardíaca aguda en un hospital terciario de lima, Perú.

The objective of this study was to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of acute heart failure (AHF) in 1,075 patients from a hospital in Lima, Peru. The average patient age was 74 years and 55% of study subjects were men. Moreover, 39% of patients in the sample had AHF with low ejection fraction, 15% had intermediate ejection fraction, and 46% had preserved ejection fraction. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (52.6%) and coronary disease (51%). Moreover, 29.2% of patients had previous hospitalizations due to AHF. The median hospital stay was 3 days. The rate of in- hospital mortality from all causes was 7.2%. Hospitalization was more common in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. The low use of prescription drugs together with the high rate of previous hospitalizations may explain the high mortality rate reported in this study.

Con el objetivo de describir las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la insuficiencia cardiaca aguda (ICA), se realizó un estudio descriptivo en 1075 pacientes de un hospital de Lima. La edad promedio fue 74 años y el 55% fueron de sexo masculino. El 39% tuvo ICA con fracción de eyección reducida, el 15% con fracción de eyección de rango medio y el 46% con fracción de eyección preservada. Las comorbilidades más frecuentes fueron la hipertensión arterial (52,6%) y la enfermedad coronaria (51%). El 29,2% de los pacientes tuvo hospitalizaciones previas por ICA. La mediana de la estancia hospitalaria fue de 3 días. La mortalidad intrahospitalaria por todas las causas fue 7,2%. La hospitalización ocurre, predominantemente, en pacientes de edad avanzada y con múltiples comorbilidades. El bajo uso de fármacos recomendados, conjuntamente con la alta frecuencia de hospitalizaciones previas, probablemente, inciden en la alta tasa de mortalidad registrada en el presente estudio.