[Drug consumption by the elderly: results of population studies]. / Consumo de medicamentos en los ancianos: resultados de un estudio poblacional.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the magnitude, nature and chronicity of the use of medications on the part of non-institutionalized elderly individuals as well as the complexity of their treatment routine. METHOD: Cross-section study through door-to-door survey of all individuals age 65 or above. Municipality of Villanueva de los Castillejos (Huelva). The surveyor asked the person to show him/her all of the medications he/she was using without overlooking any, recorded the brand name, dosage and frequency with which the medication in question was taken, and the approximate length of time, in months or in years, over which said medication had been taken. Measurement methods were included for the purpose of assessing the complexity of the treatment routine. RESULTS: Information was gathered from 362 subjects (83.8% of the actual population). Of all those surveyed, 83.1% was taking one or more medications daily, for an average (standard deviation) of 2.6 (2.0). Those used most were antihypertensive drugs (41.8%), peripheral vasodilators for circulation to the brain (21.3%), benzodiazepine derivatives (17.4%) and nonsteroid antiinflammatory drugs (14.1%). 91.3% and 46.1% of the subjects who were taking medication daily, had been taking one or more drugs for at least 1 and 5 years, respectively. The medication in question was taken on the average of one to two times a day. Approximately 20% of the population surveyed was taking medication solely when certain symptoms arose, and 7.3% of the drugs were prescribed regularly, but not daily. CONCLUSIONS: The quantity and chronicity of the consumption of medications is high, although comparable to that of other Spanish studies conducted employing similar means and methods. The routine prescribed seems simple for seniors.

[Dependence on self-care and walking of the aged in a rural community]. / Dependencia en el autocuidado y deambulación en los ancianos de una comunidad rural.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the dependence on 5 basic daily activities (BDA) and on walking, and their relationship to the frequency of attendance at the family doctor. DESIGN: A crossover study using a home survey of health. SETTING: Town of Villanueva de los Castillejos in Huelva. PARTICIPANTS: Those 65 or over. INTERVENTIONS: The dichotomous form of the Katz Index, with the incontinence item excluded (scores from 0-5), was used. Walking was assessed by the Functional Walking Categories (FWC) of Massachusetts General Hospital. RESULTS: Information on 139 men and 231 women was obtained (85.6% of the actual population). 15.3% (95% CI, 11.3-19.0), 12.4% of the men and 16.9% of the women (p > 0.05), stated their dependence in one or more BDA. 22.5% of the population (95% CI, 18.2-26.8), 8.9% of the men and 30.6% (p = 0.001) of the women, said they found it difficult to walk. CONCLUSIONS: There is a high rate of dependence in the population group. Light dependence is associated with more frequent medical consultations than either independence or severe dependence.