Analysis of metabolic differences between Jiaosu fermented from dendrobium flowers and stems based on untargeted metabolomics.

Dendrobium officinale is an important traditional Chinese medicinal herb containing bioactive polysaccharides and alkaloids. This study characterized metabolite differences between jiaosu (fermented plant product) from Dendrobium flowers versus stems using untargeted metabolomics. The jiaosu was fermented by mixed fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified 476 differentially expressed metabolites between the two Jiaosu products. Key results showed downregulation of flavonoid metabolism in Dendrobium Stems Edible Plant Jiaosu (SEP) but increased flavonoid synthesis in Dendrobium Flowers Edible Plant Jiaosu (FEP), likely an antioxidant response. SEP displayed upregulation of lignin metabolites with potential antioxidant properties. The findings demonstrate significant metabolite profile differences between SEP and FEP, providing the basis for developing functional jiaosu products targeting specific health benefits.

Thermal Expansion Neutralization Enhancing the Cycling Stability of Ni-Rich LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 Cathode Material.

As promising cathode candidates with advantageous capacity and price superiority for lithium-ion batteries, Ni-rich materials are severely impeded in the practical application due to their poor microstructural stability induced by the intrinsic Li+/Ni2+ cation mixing and mechanical stress accumulation upon cycling. In this work, a synergetic approach is demonstrated to improve the microstructural and thermal stabilities of Ni-rich LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622) cathode material through taking advantage of the thermal expansion offset effect of the LiZr2(PO4)3 (LZPO) modification layer. The optimized NCM622@LZPO cathode exhibits a significantly enhanced cyclability with a capacity retention of 67.7% after 500 cycles at 0.2 C and delivers a specific capacity of 115 mAh g-1 with a capacity retention of 64.2% after 300 cycles under 55 °C. Exploiting the chemical environment analysis of the Ni element detected by the synchrotron radiation technique, it is found that the mixing degree of Li+/Ni2+ cations in the bulk Ni-rich material can be effectively depressed through interfacial Zr4+ doping during the preparation of the LZPO-modified material. Additionally, time- and temperature-dependent powder diffraction spectra were collected to monitor the structure evolutions of pristine NCM622 and NCM622@LZPO cathodes in the initial cycles and under various temperatures, revealing the contribution of negative thermal expansion LZPO coating in promoting microstructural stability of the bulk NCM622 cathode. The introduction of NTE functional compounds might provide a universal strategy to address the stress accumulation and volume expansion issues of various cathode materials for advanced secondary-ion batteries.

Research progress of anti-tumor effect and mechanism of CDDO and its derivatives / 中国药房

2-cyano-3，12-dioxooleana-1，9 （11）-dien-28-oic acid （CDDO） is a compound synthesized by taking oleanolic acid， a natural triterpene， as a precursor or precursor， and transforming three modifiable functional groups in the molecule through a series of chemical structure modification. In order to improve its anti-tumor activity， CDDO derivatives are further synthesized. In this paper， the research results of anti-tumor effects and mechanisms of CDDO and its derivatives in recent years are summarized. It is found that CDDO and its derivatives have a wide range of anti-tumor effects， and can show significant anti-tumor effects on breast cancer， pancreatic cancer， lung cancer and ovarian cancer at low concentrations such as micromole or even nanomole， among which CDDO methyl ester compound （CDDO-Me） and CDDO imidazolidinone compound （CDDO-Im） have the most obvious effects. CDDO and its derivatives exert anti-tumor activity mainly by inducing tumor cell apoptosis， and regulating metabolic reprogramming and immune microenvironment. The involved pathways mainly include Janus protein tyrosine kinase （JAK）/ signal transduction and transcription activation protein 3（STAT3） signal pathway， nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 （NRF2） signal pathway， phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （also known as Akt）/mammalian rapamycin target protein （mTOR） signal pathway， Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway， nuclear factor κB signal pathway.

Heterologous CoronaVac plus Ad5-nCOV versus homologous CoronaVac vaccination among elderly: a phase 4, non-inferiority, randomized study

ImportancePeople over 60 developed less protection after two doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine than younger people. Heterologous vaccination might provide greater immunity and protection against variants of concern. ObjectiveTo assess the safety and immunogenicity of a heterologous immunization with an adenovirus type 5-vectored vaccine (Convidecia) among elderly who were primed with an inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac) previously. DesignAn observer-blind, randomized (1:1) trial, conducted from August 26 to November 13, 2021. SettingA single center in Jiangsu Province, China. Participants299 participants aged 60 years and older, of them 199 primed with two doses of CoronaVac in the past 3-6 months and 100 primed with one dose of CoronaVac in the past 1-2 months. InterventionConvidecia or CoronaVac as boosting dose Main Outcomes and MeasuresGeometric mean titers (GMTs) of neutralizing antibodies against wild-type SARS-CoV-2, and Delta and Omicron variants 14 days post boosting, and adverse reactions within 28 days. ResultsIn the three-dose regimen cohort (n=199; mean (SD) age, 66.7 (4.2) years; 74 (37.2%) female), 99 and 100 received a third dose of Convidecia (group A) and CoronaVac (group B), respectively. In the two-dose regimen cohort (n=100; mean (SD) age, 70.5 (6.0) years; 49 (49%) female), 50 and 50 received a second dose of Convidecia (group C) and CoronaVac (group D), respectively. GMTs of neutralizing antibodies against wild-type SARS-CoV-2 at day 14 were 286.4 (95% CI: 244.6, 335.2) in group A and 48.2 (95% CI: 39.5, 58.7) in group B, with GMT ratio of 6.2 (95% CI: 4.7, 8.1), and 70.9 (95% CI: 49.5, 101.7) in group C and 9.3 (95% CI: 6.2, 13.9) in group D, with GMT ratio of 7.6 (95% CI: 4.1, 14.1). There was a 6.3-fold (GMTs, 45.9 vs 7.3) and 7.5-fold (32.9 vs 4.4) increase in neutralizing antibodies against Delta and Omicron variants in group A, respectively, compared with group B. However, there was no significant difference between group C and group D. Both heterologous and homologous booster immunizations were safe and well tolerated. Conclusions and RelevanceHeterologous prime-boost regimens with CoronaVac and Convidecia induced strong neutralizing antibodies in elderly, which was superior to that induced by the homologous boost, without increasing safety concerns. Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04952727 Key Points QuestionDoes a heterologous immunization with recombinant adenovirus type 5-vectored vaccine (Convidecia) produced a non-inferior or superior response of neutralizing antibodies among elderly primed with two doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (CoronaVac), compared to the homologous boosting FindingsIn this randomized clinical trial, a heterologous third dose of Convidecia resulted in a 6.2-fold (geometric mean titers: 286.4 vs 48.2), 6.3-fold (45.9 vs 7.3) and 7.5-fold (32.9 vs 4.4) increase in neutralizing antibodies against wild-type strain, Delta and Omicron variants 14 days post boosting, respectively, compared to the homologous boost with CoronaVac MeaningHeterologous prime-boost regimens with CoronaVac and Convidecia induced strong neutralizing antibodies in elderly, which was superior to that induced by the homologous boosting.

Safety and immunogenicity of heterologous boost immunization with an adenovirus type-5-vectored and protein-subunit-based COVID-19 vaccine (Convidecia/ZF2001): a randomized, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled trial

BackgroundHeterologous boost vaccination has been proposed as an option to elicit stronger and broader, or longer-lasting immunity. We assessed the safety and immunogenicity of heterologous immunization with a recombinant adenovirus type-5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine (Convidecia) and a protein-subunit-based COVID-19 vaccine (ZF2001). Methods and FindingsWe did a randomized, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled trial in healthy adults previously received one dose of Convidecia. Participants were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive either ZF2001 (vaccine group) or a trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) (placebo group) at either 28-day or 56-day intervals. For both regimens, all participants received the 2nd injection with ZF2001 at 4 months after a dose of ZF2001 or TIV, with three-dose schedules of Convidecia/Convidecia/ZF2001 at day 0, day 28 and month 5 (referred to as CV/ZF/ZF (D0-D28-M5)) and CV/ZF/ZF (D0-D56-M6), and two-dose schedules of CV/ZF (D0-M5) and CV/ZF (D0-M6). The primary outcome was the geometric mean titer (GMT) of the neutralizing antibodies against live SARS-CoV-2 virus 14 days after each boost vaccination. The safety outcome was 7-day reactogenicity, measured as solicited local or systemic adverse reactions after each vaccination. Between April 7, 2021, and May 6, 2021, 120 participants were enrolled, among whom 60 were randomly assigned to receive ZF2001 (n=40) or TIV (n=20) at a 28-day interval, and 60 were randomly assigned to receive ZF2001 (n=40) or TIV (n=20) at a 56-day interval. 113 (94.2%) participants received the 2nd injection with ZF2001 4 months after a dose of ZF2001 or TIV. A total of 26 participants (21.7%) reported solicited adverse events within 7 days post boost vaccinations, and all the reported adverse reactions were mild. Among participants receiving ZF001 as second dose, the GMTs of neutralizing antibodies increased to 58.4 IU/ml (42.8-79.8) in 0-28 regimen, and to 80.8 IU/ml (53.1-122.9) in 0-56 regimen at 14 days post first boost dose. The GMTs of neutralizing antibodies increased to 334.9 IU/ml (95% CI 230.4, 486.9) in C/Z/Z (D0-D28-M5) regimen, and 441.2 IU/ml (260.8, 746.4) in C/Z/Z (D0-D56-M6) regimen at 14 days after the third dose. Two-dose schedules of CV/ZF (D0-M5) and CV/ZF (D0-M6) induced comparable antibody level comparable with that elicited by three-dose schedules, with the GMTs of 282.9 IU/ml (142.5, 561.8) and 293.9 IU/ml (137.6, 627.9), respectively. Study limitations include the absence of vaccine effectiveness in real-world, and current lack of immune persistence data and the neutralizing antibodies to Omicron. ConclusionsHeterologous boosting with ZF001 following primary vaccination of Convidecia is safe and more immunogenic than a single dose of Convidecia. These results support flexibility in cooperating viral vectored vaccines and recombinant protein vaccine. Trial RegistrationClinicalTrial.gov NCT04833101

Local Electric-Field-Driven Fast Li Diffusion Kinetics at the Piezoelectric LiTaO3 Modified Li-Rich Cathode-Electrolyte Interphase.

As one of the most promising cathodes for next-generation lithium ion batteries (LIBs), Li-rich materials have been extensively investigated for their high energy densities. However, the practical application of Li-rich cathodes is extremely retarded by the sluggish electrode-electrolyte interface kinetics and structure instability. In this context, piezoelectric LiTaO3 is employed to functionalize the surface of Li1.2Ni0.17Mn0.56Co0.07O2 (LNMCO), aiming to boost the interfacial Li+ transport process in LIBs. The results demonstrate that the 2 wt% LiTaO3-LNMCO electrode exhibits a stable capacity of 209.2 mAh g-1 at 0.1 C after 200 cycles and 172.4 mAh g-1 at 3 C. Further investigation reveals that such superior electrochemical performances of the LiTaO3 modified electrode results from the additional driving force from the piezoelectric LiTaO3 layer in promoting Li+ diffusion at the interface, as well as the stabilized bulk structure of LNMCO. The supplemented LiTaO3 layer on the LNMCO surface herein, sheds new light on the development of better Li-rich cathodes toward high energy density applications.

One-Step Integrated Surface Modification To Build a Stable Interface on High-Voltage Cathode for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

As one of the most promising cathode materials for next-generation energy storage applications, spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) has been highlighted due to many advantages. However, it is still hindered by poor electrochemical stability derived from the bulk/interface structure degradation and side reactions under high working voltage. In this work, fast ion conductor Li3V2(PO4)3 (LVPO) is adopted to modify the surface of spinel LNMO by a one-step facile method to harvest the maximum benefit of interface properties. It is found that 1 wt % LVPO-LNMO exhibits the most excellent cycling performances, retaining great capacity retention of 87.8% after 500 cycles at room temperature and 82.4% for 150 cycles at 55 °C. Moreover, the rate performance is also significantly improved (90.4 mAh g-1 under 20C). It is revealed that the LVPO-involved layer could effectively suppress the surface side reactions under high working voltage, which mainly contributes to an improved interface with desirable structural stability and excellent kinetics behavior without sacrificing the surface electrochemical activity in an electrochemical environment. Thus, the dissolution of transition-metal ions is effectively mitigated, avoiding further structure degradation of the bulk material. Especially, it is also established that the vanadium (V) ions in LVPO could be to a certain extent migrated into the surface lattice of LNMO to generate a V-involved transition layer (Li-Ni-Mn-V-O surface solid solution), which greatly co-contributes to the enhanced electrochemical performances owing to the prominently depressed charge-transfer resistance.

Stabilizing a high-voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode towards all solid state batteries: a Li-Al-Ti-P-O solid electrolyte nano-shell with a host material.

LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) spinel has drawn increasing attention due to its high voltage, stabilized electrochemical performance and safety features as a cathode for lithium-ion batteries. However, the main challenge lies in its unstable surface structure, especially at elevated temperatures. In this paper, we decorate the LNMO precursor with a solid electrolyte of Li1.4Al0.4Ti1.6(PO4)3 (LATP) via a facile sol-gel method, followed by a co-crystallization process at 820 °C, to successfully generate a LATP modification shell at the surface of LNMO. The LATP modification shell could not only optimize the morphology of LNMO including the limitation of particle growth and control of crystalline orientation, but also realize ion doping during the co-crystallization process. By tuning the LATP contents, the 2 wt% LATP modification is found to be the most effective at balancing the interfacial stability and Li+ diffusion kinetics of LNMO, as well as enhancing its rate capability and capacity retention at high temperatures. As a result, the 2 wt% LATP-modified LNMO cathode exhibits a high reversible capacity of 84.8 mA h g-1 after 500 cycles with a capacity retention of 68.9%, and a superior rate capability (102.0 mA h g-1 at 20 C) at room temperature. Moreover, this electrode also delivers a good capacity retention of 85.7% after 100 cycles at 55 °C, which is ascribed to the stabilized interface with a LATP protective layer.

Integrated Surface Functionalization of Li-Rich Cathode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries.

As candidates for high-energy density cathodes, lithium-rich (Li-rich) layered materials have attracted wide interest for next-generation Li-ion batteries. In this work, surface functionalization of a typical Li-rich material Li1.2Mn0.56Ni0.17Co0.07O2 is optimized by fluorine (F)-doped Li2SnO3 coating layer and electrochemical performances are also enhanced accordingly. The results demonstrate that F-doped Li2SnO3-modified material exhibits the highest capacity retention (73% after 200 cycles), with approximately 1.2, 1.4, and 1.5 times of discharge capacity for Li2SnO3 surface-modified, F-doped, and pristine electrodes, respectively. To reveal the fundamental enhancement mechanism, intensive surface Li+ diffusion kinetics, postmortem structural characteristics, and aging tests are performed for four sample systems. The results show that the integrated coating layer plays an important role in addressing interface compatibility, not only limited in stabilizing the bulk structure and suppressing side reactions, synergistically contributing to the performance enhancement for the active electrodes. These findings not only pave the way to commercial application of the Li-rich material but also shed new light on surface modification in batteries and other energy storage fields.

Erratum: Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis identifies CTNNB1 as a direct target of FOXP3 in gastric cancer cells.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8277.].

Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis identifies CTNNB1 as a direct target of FOXP3 in gastric cancer cells.

Forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3) is expressed in numerous types of tumor cell and is associated with tumor progression and prognosis. A previous study reported that FOXP3 inhibited cellular proliferation and induced apoptosis of gastric cancer (GC) cells by activating the apoptosis signaling pathway. In the present study, label-free quantitative proteomic analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation-polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-PCR) was performed to investigate the mechanism by which the anticancer role of FOXP3 was mediated and the proteins that with which it may interact. Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis was used to screen for proteins differentially expressed between FOXP3-overexpressing GC (AF) and vector (ANC) cells. Catenin ß1 (CTNNB1) was one of the proteins that exhibited the greatest difference between AF and ANC among 3,313 proteins identified by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analysis. The expression of CTNNB1 was evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. The association between FOXP3 and CTNNB1 was confirmed by ChIP-PCR in AGS cells. The changes in expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-associated proteins were analyzed by western blotting. The level of FOXP3 expression was positively associated with CTNNB1 and E-cadherin expression, but not with vimentin and N-cadherin expression. FOXP3 positively regulates CTNNB1 and binds to it directly. Along with the upregulation of glycogen synthase kinase 3ß (GSK3ß), which was also a protein whose expression was found to change significantly in proteomic analysis and has a key role in the Wnt pathway. This association is an attractive and novel hypothesis for the mechanism by which FOXP3 inhibits the invasion and metastasis of GC cells.

Advanced Nanostructured Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Sodium-ion batteries (NIBs), due to the advantages of low cost and relatively high safety, have attracted widespread attention all over the world, making them a promising candidate for large-scale energy storage systems. However, the inherent lower energy density to lithium-ion batteries is the issue that should be further investigated and optimized. Toward the grid-level energy storage applications, designing and discovering appropriate anode materials for NIBs are of great concern. Although many efforts on the improvements and innovations are achieved, several challenges still limit the current requirements of the large-scale application, including low energy/power densities, moderate cycle performance, and the low initial Coulombic efficiency. Advanced nanostructured strategies for anode materials can significantly improve ion or electron transport kinetic performance enhancing the electrochemical properties of battery systems. Herein, this Review intends to provide a comprehensive summary on the progress of nanostructured anode materials for NIBs, where representative examples and corresponding storage mechanisms are discussed. Meanwhile, the potential directions to obtain high-performance anode materials of NIBs are also proposed, which provide references for the further development of advanced anode materials for NIBs.

Enhanced Structural and Electrochemical Stability of Self-Similar Rice-Shaped SnO2 Nanoparticles.

A facile one-pot hydrothermal strategy is applied to prepare Co and F codoped SnO2 (Co-F/SnO2) nanoparticles, which exhibit a unique rice-shaped self-similar structure. Compared with the pristine and Co-doped counterparts (SnO2 and Co/SnO2), the Co-F/SnO2 electrode demonstrates higher capacity, better cyclability, and rate capability as anode material for lithium ion batteries (LIBs). A high charge capacity of 800 mAh g-1 can be successfully delivered after 50 cycles at 0.1 C, and a high reversible capacity of 700 mAh g-1 could be retained after 100 cycles at 5 C. The excellent lithium storage performances of the Co-F/SnO2 nanoparticles could be attributed to the synergetic effects of the doped Co and F, as well as the unique hierarchical self-similar structure with moderate oxygen defect and inactive pillars, which not only facilitates the fast diffusion of Li ions, but also stabilizes the structure during the electrochemical cycling.

Improved electrochemical performance of spinel LiMn(1.5)Ni(0.5)O4 through MgF2 nano-coating.

A spinel LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 (LMNO) cathode material synthesized by a sol-gel method is modified by MgF2 nano-coating via a wet coating strategy. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) showed that the MgF2 nano-coating layers do not physically change the bulk structure of the pristine material. Compared with the pristine compound, the MgF2-coated LMNO electrodes display enhanced cycling stabilities. Particularly, the 5 wt% MgF2-coated LMNO demonstrates the best reversibility, with a capacity retention of 89.9% after 100 cycles, much higher than that of the pristine material, 69.3%. The dQ/dV analysis and apparent Li(+) diffusion coefficient calculation prove that the kinetic properties are enhanced after MgF2 surface modification, which partly explains the improved electrochemical performances. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) data confirm that the MgF2 coating layer helps in suppressing the fast growth of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film in repeated cycling, which effectively stabilizes the spinel structure. Additionally, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) tests show that the MgF2 nano-coating layer also helps in enhancing the thermal stability of the LMNO cathode.

Kruppel-like factor 2 inhibit the angiogenesis of cultured human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway.

Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) is a crucial anti-angiogenic factor. However, its precise role in hepatic angiogenesis induced by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) remain unclear. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of KLF2 on angiogenesis of LSECs and to explore the corresponding mechanism. Cultured human LSECs were infected with different lentiviruses to overexpress or suppress KLF2 expression. The CCK-8 assay, transwell migration assay and tube formation test, were used to investigate the roles of KLF2 in the proliferation, migration and vessel tube formation of LSECs, respectively. The expression and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 were detected by western blot. We discovered that the up-regulation of KLF2 expression dramatically inhibited proliferation, migration and tube formation in treated LSECs. Correspondingly, down-regulation of KLF2 expression significantly promoted proliferation, migration and tube formation in treated LSECs. Additionally, KLF2 inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 pathway, followed by the function of KLF2 in the angiogenesis of LSECs disrupted. In conclusion, KLF2 suppressed the angiogenesis of LSECs through inhibition of cell proliferation, migration, and vessel tube formation. These functions of KLF2 may be mediated through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway.

AlF3 surface-coated Li[Li0.2 Ni0.17 Co0.07 Mn0.56 ]O2 nanoparticles with superior electrochemical performance for lithium-ion batteries.

Li-rich layered cathode materials have already drawn considerable attention owing to their high capacity performance for Li-ion batteries (LIBs). In this work, layered Li-rich Li[Li0.2 Ni0.17 Co0.07 Mn0.56 ]O2 nanoparticles are surface-modified with AlF3 through a facile chemical deposition method. The AlF3 surface layers have little impact on the structure of the material and act as buffers to prevent the direct contact of the electrode with the electrolyte; thus, they enhance the electrochemical performance significantly. The 3 wt % AlF3 -coated Li-rich electrode exhibits the best cycling capability and has a considerably enhanced capacity retention of 83.1 % after 50 cycles. Moreover, the rate performance and thermal stability of the 3 wt % AlF3 -coated electrode are also clearly improved. Surface analysis indicates that the AlF3 coating layer can largely suppress the undesirable growth of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film and, therefore, stabilizes the structure upon cycling.

Effects of different processing methods on content of flavonoids from Sophorae Fructus / 中草药

Objective: To compare the content of flavonoids from Sophorae Fructus by different processing methods. Methods: HPLC method with Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used in the experiment; Methanol-0.4% acetic acid was used as mobile phase, with gradient elution; Column temperature was set as 30℃; The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and detection wavelength was 256 nm. Results: Genistin: crude (0.86%) > stir-frying with honey (0.67%) > carbonizing by stir-frying (0.48%); Rutin: crude (3.0%) > stir-frying with honey (2.2%) > carbonizing by stir-frying (0.88%); Sophoricoside: crude (8.08%) > stir-frying with honey (5.73%) > carbonizing by stir-frying (3.58%); Quercetin: crude (0.04%) < stir-frying with honey (0.05%) < carbonizing by stir-frying (0.12%); Genistein: crude (0.06%) < stir-frying with honey (0.08%) < carbonizing by stir-frying (0.21%); Kaempferide: crude (0.01%) < stir-frying with honey (0.02%) < carbonizing by stir-frying (0.54%). Conclusion: Among the flavonoids from Sophorae Fructus after processing, the content of flavonoid glycosides is reduced and the content of flavonoid aglycone is increased simultaneously, which may be related to the different functions of crude Sophorae Fructus, Sophorae Fructus stir-fried with honey, and Sophorae Fructus carbonized by stir-frying pieces.