RESUMO
[Figure: see text].
Assuntos
Anti-Hipertensivos/administração & dosagem , Acidente Vascular Cerebral Hemorrágico , Hipertensão , AVC Isquêmico , Medição de Risco , Idoso , Determinação da Pressão Arterial/métodos , Determinação da Pressão Arterial/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Fatores de Risco de Doenças Cardíacas , Acidente Vascular Cerebral Hemorrágico/diagnóstico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral Hemorrágico/etiologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral Hemorrágico/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Hipertensão/complicações , Hipertensão/diagnóstico , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Hipertensão/fisiopatologia , AVC Isquêmico/diagnóstico , AVC Isquêmico/etiologia , AVC Isquêmico/prevenção & controle , Masculino , Conduta do Tratamento Medicamentoso/normas , Conduta do Tratamento Medicamentoso/estatística & dados numéricos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação de Processos e Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Planejamento de Assistência ao Paciente/normas , Serviços Preventivos de Saúde/métodos , Serviços Preventivos de Saúde/normas , Medição de Risco/métodos , Medição de Risco/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LV) is a rare hypersensitive reaction involving the small vessels, which is usually mediated by drugs. Very few cases of nafcillin -associated LV have been reported. Here, we reported a case of LV with the presentation of skin rashes and gastrointestinal bleeding after receiving nafcillin, evidenced by endoscopy and skin biopsy. The symptoms resolved after withdrawal of nafcillin and the addition of prednisone treatment. LV should be considered in the differential diagnosis of erythematous rash, especially with gastrointestinal symptoms after the exposure.
RESUMO
Systemin is a wound-signaling peptide that mediates defenses of tomato plants against herbivorous insects. Perception of systemin by the membrane-bound receptor SR160 results in activation of MAPKs, synthesis of jasmonic acid (JA), and expression of defense genes. To test the function of MAPKs in the response to systemin, we used virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in plants that overexpress the systemin precursor prosystemin (35S::prosys plants). These transgenic plants accumulate high levels of defense proteins and exhibit increased resistance to herbivorous insects. Cosilencing of the MAPKs MPK1 and MPK2 reduced MPK1/2 kinase activity, JA biosynthesis, and expression of JA-dependent defense genes. Application of methyl-JA restored the full defense response. These data show that MPK1 and MPK2 are essential components of the systemin signaling pathway and most likely function upstream of JA biosynthesis. MPK1 and MPK2 are 95% identical at the amino acid level. Specific VIGS of only MPK1 or MPK2 resulted in the same reduction of defense gene expression as cosilencing of MPK1 and MPK2, indicating that gene dosage effects may be important for MPK signaling. In addition, VIGS of the closely related MPK3 also reduced systemin-induced defense responses. The function of MPK1/2 and orthologs in pathogen-induced defenses is well established. Here we show that cosilencing of MPK1 and MPK2 compromised prosystemin-mediated resistance to Manduca sexta (Lepidoptera) herbivory, demonstrating that MPK1 and MPK2 are also required for successful defenses against herbivorous insects.
