[Clinico-immunological effects of cryosurgery in chronic hypertrophic pharyngitis]. / Kliniko-immunologicheskii éffekt kriokhirurgicheskogo lecheniia bol'nykh khronicheskim gipertroficheskim faringitom.

The authors observed a clinico-immunological effect of cryosurgical treatment for chronic hypertrophic pharyngitis resistant to previous conservative therapy. Cryosurgery results in the patients' recovery with normalization of basic indices of local and systemic immune defense to day 30. Thus, cryosurgical treatment of patients with chronic hypertrophic pharyngitis has both clinical and immunological advantages over conservative treatment.

[Serological assessment of destructive processes in the pharynx in conservative and cryosurgical treatment of patients with chronic hypertrophic laryngitis]. / Serologicheskaia otsenka destruktivnykh protsessov v glotke pri konservativnom i kriokhirurgicheskom lechenii bol'nykh khronicheskim gipertroficheskim faringitom.

The examination of 29 patients with chronic pharyngitis before the treatment, 10 and 30 days after treatment and 18 controls without ENT pathology revealed that the patients' blood and oral fluid contained the antigen inherent for pharyngeal tissue in 24.1 and 89.6% cases, respectively. This antigen was not found in the controls. The appearance of the tissue antigen in the blood and oral fluid may result from destruction of the inflammed tissue and may entail autoimmune reaction. 10 days after conservative anti-inflammatory treatment 12 patients exhibited a temporary clinical and serological effect--improvement of general condition, attenuation of destructive processes, blood and oral levels of the autoantigen and humoral autoimmune reaction to the tissue antigen. 20 days after the treatment clinical and laboratory manifestations renewed. 10 days after cryosurgery antigenemia and autoimmune reaction persisted but 30 days after the treatment the antigen was found neither in the blood nor in the oral fluid, autoimmune reaction declined. This indicates termination of the inflammation and correlates with clinical results.

[Autoimmune reactions in chronic hypertrophic pharyngitis]. / Autoimmunnye reaktsii pri khronicheskom gipertroficheskom faringite.

The aim of the study was to examine blood serum and oral liquid of patients with chronic pharyngitis (CF) for autoimmune reaction, i.e. the presence of pharynx-specific antigen (FSA), antibodies to it and complexes antigen-antibody. A total of 29 CF patients were examined and 18 healthy controls. Before the treatment, FSA was detected in the blood and oral liquid in 24.1 and 89.6%, respectively. The indices of the blood and oral liquid correlated. 30 days after conservative treatment the rate of the antigen detection was not less, while after cryosurgical treatment the antigen was not found. Autoantibodies to FSA occurred in the blood of the patients in 86.2%, in the oral liquid in 34.5%. Conservative treatment failed to reduce the antibodies frequency though cryosurgical treatment lowered this frequency to 5.9 and 17.6%, respectively. Immune complexes in the blood of CF patients were registered before the treatment in 10.3%, after conservative treatment in 9.1%, after cryosurgical treatment they were not found. The emergence of autoantibodies and immune complexes may be a normal reaction to introduction of tissue antigen of the affected organ. Detection of the antigen in the blood and oral liquid indicates destruction of the tissue and the test can be used for assessment of the destruction degree.

[Effects of some growth factors and cytokines on ATP synthesis by plasma-membrane-enriched particles isolated from different human tumors]. / Vliianie nekotorykh faktorov rosta i tsitokinov na sintez ATF preparatami obogashchennykh plazmaticheskimi membranami chastits, izolirovannykh iz razlichnykh opukholei cheloveka.

Plasma-membrane-enriched particles isolated from the tissues of malignant tumors of different sites are shown to accumulate ATP under the influence of polypeptide growth factors and cytokines whose receptors have a tyrosine kinase activity. Polypeptide growth factors, such as EGF, FGF, NGF, TNF, insulin, and the cytokine IL-2, were studied on the accumulation of adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) by the preparations of plasma-membrane-enriched particles isolated from the target tissues of human malignant tumors. The tumor (transformed) cell plasma membranes of the lung, bowel, stomach, pancreas, as well as the cells of neurinoma and a retroperitoneal extra-organ malignant tumor (leiomyosarcoma) are demonstrated to be able to synthesize ATP from inorganic phosphate and ADP under aerobic conditions human with the participation of the cyanide-insensitive proton phoric NADH-bound transversely oriented chain. Signal-stimulated accumulation of plasma membranous ATP was found to increase in the tissues in malignant transformation as compared to that in normal tissues. Experiments using selective inhibitors of tyrosine kinases (tyrphostin-25, quercetin) indicated the involvement of plasma membranous signal-transducing ATP in the activation of receptor tyrosine kinase growth factors.

[Thermal trauma in a combination with respiratory tract burn]. / Termicheskaia travma v sochetanii s ozhogom dykhatel'nykh putei.

The detection rate of microbial contamination of burn wounds after flame burn was studied in dynamics to 3 weeks in 56 patients forming 2 similar groups: basic--with thermo-inhalation lesions (TIL) and control--without TIL. General area of skin burns in all the patients was less than 50% of the body surface, on average it was 40%, the area of deep burns was 23%. Cytological and bacteriologic methods were used for study microphlora in the sputum and in bronchoalveolar lavage. There were 186 cases of wound microbial contamination (gram-negative microorganisms--64.4% cases, gram-positive--34%, pathogenic fungi--1.6%). In 80% cases the microphlora of the wounds was polymicrobial, in 47% cases the microphlora were detected on the second week. Microphlora was detected 2 times more often in the basic group than in the control, corresponded to skin burn area; the greatest exceeding of critical level of wound contamination was revealed on the first 2 weeks. In TIL besides wound contamination, polymicrobial microphlora revealed in tracheobronchial tree, presented on the first 2 weeks with association of gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, combining on week 3 with fungal phlora. Early leukocytosis, not reducing during first 3 weeks of the study, due to intoxication by burn products, occurred in TIL. Early lymphopenia in TIL was the sign of resistant immunodeficiency.

[A morphological and electron radioautographic study of the wound in the diabetic foot syndrome]. / Morfologicheskoe i élektronno-radioavtograficheskoe izuchenie rany pri sindrome diabeticheskoi stopy.

Two groups of patients with a grave form of diabetes mellitus type I and II with diabetic foot syndrome have been examined. Group 1 (21 cases) consisted of patients whose foot was amputated. The cause of the necrotic process was ischemia produced by alteration of the arterial vessels aggravated by infection. Patients of group 2 (18 cases) were treated with resultant wound healing and foot preservation. The material was subdivided into two subgroups: 1) tissue from the "infectious" foot with great amount of bacteria and inflammation reaction; 2) tissue from the "ischemic" foot with considerable alterations of microvessels structure. In both groups well developed granulation tissue was observed after the treatment; almost all the cells of this tissue included 3H-uridin and labelling with 3H-thymidine was increased in fibroblasts, endotheliocytes and pericytes.

[Recurrent profuse hemorrhage in gastric angiodysplasia]. / Retsidiviruiushchie profuznye krovotecheniia pri angiodisplazii zheludka.

Dieulafoy's disease--i.e. arteriovenous malformation--is a rare cause of gastric bleedings, which makes up 1.5-3% of all sources of hemorrhage. All the armory of diagnostic modalities may require to reveal arteriovenous malformations. Angiography of the stomach appeared to be the most informative method for diagnosis of this disease in 2 patients. Radical treatment of patients with Dieulafoy's disease implies resection of the proximal part of the stomach or gastrectomy. Endoscopic hemostasis (with the use of coagulation and injections of sclerogenous preparations around the diseased area) results in temporary effect.

[Current possibilities in the diagnosis and treatment of appendiceal mucocele]. / Sovremennye vozmozhnosti v diagnostike i lechenii mukotsele cherveobraznogo otrostka.

The authors present an original experience of using an ultrasonography and a computer scan for a preoperative diagnosis of VP mucocele. The laparoscopy has been used as a method for the final diagnosis as for an appendectomy. The authors also describe their understanding of VP mucocele pathogenesis and their opinion about diagnosis and treatment of such kind of a case.

[The role of biologic and biochemical properties of microorganisms in the pathogenesis of experimental sepsis]. / Znachenie biologicheskikh i biokhimicheskikh svoistv mikroorganizmov v patogeneze éksperimental'nogo sepsisa.

Certain biological and biochemical differences are found after biochemical and electron-microscopic examinations between different substrains of staphylococcus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The conclusion is made that in the development, course and form of septic process the important role is played not only by the type of infectious agent, but by its various substrains as well.

[Changes in the human brain and spinal cord after short-term cardiac arrest and prolonged respiratory resuscitation]. / Izmenenie golovnogo i spinnogo mozga cheloveka posle kratkovremennoi ostanovki serdtsa i dlitel'noi dykhatel'noi reanimatsii.

Clinicomorphological data on 12 cases of long-term APV (up to 35 days) are reported. The degree of morphological changes was found to vary with CNS compartment. The authors emphasize clinicomorphological alterations in the spinal cord, particularly in the cervical segments, where almost complete absence of cells and reactivity of glial elements were observed.

[Isolated amyloidosis of the islands of Langerhans and diabetic mellitus]. / Izolirovannyi amiloidoz ostrovkov podzheludochnoi zhelezy i sakharnyi diabet.

One observation of isolated amyloidosis of the insular apparatus of the pancreas followed by the development of diabetes mellitus and diabetic microangiopathy in various organs is described. Total amyloid involvement of all insular apparatus is pointed out.

[The involvement and reparative regeneration of the mucosa of the airways in thermal inhalation trauma in burn patients]. / Porazhenie i reparativnaia regeneratsiia slizistoi obolochki vozdukhonosnykh putei pri termoingaliatsionnoi travme u obozhzhennykh.

The adaptive reorganization in mucosa of the upper airways was investigated in 15 burned patients during the first 24 days postburn using historadiography in vitro. The fibreoptic bronchoscopic biopsy specimens obtained in vivo were analysed. The initial significant destructive changes in mucosa and inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis in the epitheliocytes were changed at day 8 postburn by the development of consecutively arising regenerative processes. The intensification levels of proliferative and metabolic reactions obtained under conditions of the serial bronchoscopies represent important diagnostic and prognostic criteria.

[Role of the functional state of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the pathogenesis of experimental sepsis]. / Rol' funktsional'nogo sostoianiia polimorfoiadernykh leikotsitov v patogeneze éksperimental'nogo sepsisa.

The functional states of the polynuclear leukocytes examined on the original experimental sepsis model have been studied. It has been shown that the bioactive factors of the microorganisms define the functional states of the polynuclear leukocytes. The features of the different forms of the sepsis are explained with such phenomenon.

[Ploidies of cardiomyocytes in human myocardial hypertrophy]. / Plodnost' kardiomiotsitov pri gipertrofii miokarda cheloveka.

DNA cytophotometry has been performed in ventricular cardiomyocytes of hypertrophic human hearts. In the cases of hypertrophy in adults (generalized atherosclerosis, postinfarct scars), polyploidy expression did not exceed the limits of normal variability developed during childhood. In the cases of hypertrophy caused by congenital heart defects, high polyploidy has been revealed (the mean level 20c and more, where c is haploid DNA content), which considerably exceeded the upper limit of normal variability (approximately 10c). Our hypothesis has confirmed that heart hypertrophy in adults proceeds in conditions of stable genome rather than due to redundant polyploidization of the ventricular myocytes. The same idea assumes enhanced polyploidization of the myocytes in childhood in humans with congenital heart diseases.

[Myocyte polyploidy in human cardiac pathology]. / Poliploidiia miotsitov pri patologii serdtsa cheloveka.

With general atherosclerosis, the ploidy of left ventricle myocytes in the hearts of patients that underwent infarction corresponds to the norm variation irrespective of the ventricle and heart weights. At heart diseases the myocyte nucleus ploidy is often much higher than the norm variability both in hypertrophied ventricles and in those with normal weight. An additional polyploidization is suggested that may occur at some natural ontogenetic periods of human development (in the childhood) during heart diseases both innate or spontaneously appearing at the particular time. Unlike, the myocardial hypertrophy in adults does not stimulate myocyte polyploidy.