Contributions to the knowledge of the Cicadellini sharpshooters (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) associated with citrus orchards in Argentina.

Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al. is a xylem-borne bacterium that causes some of the most important plant diseases to woody plants such as citrus, olives, almonds and other cultures. This pathogen is mainly transmitted by sharpshooters, among which the tribe Cicadellini (Cicadellinae) includes the largest number of proven vectors. The correct identification of the vectors, along with biological and phenological information, are necessary to identify the key vectors involved in the spread of the bacterium and, consequently, establish control strategies and evaluate risks at a local or regional scale. However, lack of information on the Cicadellini from Argentina has delayed the implementation of control measures. Based on surveys conducted in the main citrus producing areas along with bibliographic data, this contribution provides the first list of Cicadellini species from Argentina that are potential vectors of X. fastidiosa; an identification key to these sharpshooters is provided. Twelve species were recorded from northeastern citrus groves, while from northwestern orchards, with previous information totally absent, 10 species were recorded. Eight species are shared by all producing regions, and five of them are proven vectors of X. fastidiosa (Bucephalogonia xanthophis (Berg), Dilobopterus costalimai Young, Macugonalia cavifrons (Stål), M. leucomelas (Walker), Sonesimia grossa (Signoret)). This contribution provides 22 new insect-plant relationships, information on their natural enemies, the geographic distribution of all species is broadened and the female genitalia of three proven vectors are described for the first time.

Review of the genus Relaba (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Alebrini) and description of two new species from Argentina.

The genus Relaba is reviewed, and two new species, R. forcipula n. sp. and R. globata n. sp. are added. Detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations of the new species, and a key to males of known species are provided.

Review of the genera Paulomanus Young, 1952 and Beamerana Young, 1952 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) with description of a new species from Argentina.

The Neotropical microleafhopper genera Paulomanus and Beamerana are redescribed based on study of type material and newly collected specimens. Paulomanus is recorded for the first time from Argentina and a new species, P. falciformis n. sp., is described. Detailed morphological description and illustration of the new species and a key to males of the known species of Paulomanus are provided. A key to genera of the New World Empoascini is also provided.

First report on the leafhopper genus Balera Young (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae, Alebrini) from Argentina, and description of a new species.

The genus Balera Young is reported for first time to Argentina and a new species is described, Balera floripara sp. n. Detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations of the new species and a key to males of known species are provided. Habralebra amoena is also recorded for the first time from Argentina.

ResumenEl género Balera Young es registrado por primera vez para Argentina y una nueva especie es descripta, Balera floriparasp. n. Se provee de detalladas descripciones morfológicas e ilustraciones de la nueva especie, y una clave de las especies conocidas. Además Habralebra amoena se registra por primera vez para Argentina.

Four new species of genus Parallaxis McAtee (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Dikraneurini) from Argentina, with a key to known species.

Four new species of Parallaxis McAtee are described from Argentina, P. jujuiensis sp. n., P. misionensis sp. n., P. tucumanensis sp. n. and P. virlai sp. n. Detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations of the new species and a key to males of known species are provided.

Proconiini sharpshooters of Argentina, with notes on its distribution, host plants, and natural enemies.

The American tribe Proconiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellinae) is one of the largest groups of xylem-feeding insects and includes the majority of the known vectors of xylem-born phytopathogenic organisms. The significance of the pathogens that this group transmits gives them an important role as pests, mostly for citrus fruit, grapes, and almonds. Knowledge of these Hemiptera in Argentina is insufficient and fragmentary. Thus one of the aims of this paper is to summarize the available information of the Proconiini sharpshooters in Argentina. In addition, 14 species are mentioned for the first time in the country, and new distributional data are given for 18 species. Thirty-four new associations between sharpshooters and host plants are recorded. New records of egg parasitoids are given for Dechacona missionum, Molomea consolida, M. lineiceps, and Tapajosa similis.

Occurrence of the Tamarix Leafhopper, Opsius stactogalus Fieber (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), in Argentina.

The paleartic tamarix leafhopper, Opsius stactogalus Fieber (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), can reduce the growth of tamarisk due to the aggregate feeding imposed by their populations. The species was mentioned for Argentina in Metcalf's catalogue (1967) without locality or region reference, and the contributions on Cicadellidae published by many authors after Metcalf omitted this distributional data. Populations of O. stactogalus on Tamarix sp. were found in 12 sites between 28 degrees 48' to 39 degrees 17' S and 64 degrees 06' to 70 degrees 04' W, located in both the Neotropical and Andean biogeographic regions.

Consideraciones taxonómicas y biológicas sobre edwardsiana froggatti (baker), la chicharrita amarilla del manzano (hemiptera-auchenorrhyncha- cicadellidae) / Biological and taxonomic considerations on edwardsiana froggatti (baker), the apple yellow leafhopper (hemiptera-auchenorrhyncha-cicadellidae) / Considerações biológicas e taxonômicas sobre edwardsiana froggatti (baker), a maçã amarela cigarrinha (hemiptera-auchenorrhyncha-cicadellidae)

Edwardsiana froggatti (Baker, 1925) es una especie ampliamente distribuida que causa severos perjuicios en zonas frutícolas. En la presente contribución, sobre la base de materiales provenientes de las principales zonas productoras de manzanos de la Argentina, se redescriben los caracteres morfológicos y se consideran nuevos elementos diagnósticos de ambos sexos. Se incluye información complementaria acerca de antecedentes taxonómicos, distribución geográfica, datos biológicos y enemigos naturales.

Edwardsiana froggatti (Baker, 1925) is a widely distributed species that causes severe damage in fruit growing areas. In this contribution, based on materials from the major apple-producing areas of Argentina, its morphological characteristics are re-described and new diagnostic elements of both sexes are considered. Additional information on taxonomic history, geographic distribution, biological data and natural enemies is also included.

Edwardsiana froggatti (Baker, 1925) é uma espécie amplamente distribuída, que causam graves prejuízos em fruticultura áreas. Nesta contribuição, com base em materiais das principais zonas de produção da maçã na Argentina, foi re-descritas os caracteres morfológicos e inclui elementos novos diagnósticos de ambos os sexos. Acrescenta também obter informações adicionais sobre a história taxonômica, distribuição geográfica, dados biológicos e inimigos naturais.