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1.
Molecules ; 28(10)2023 May 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37241848

RESUMO

This work proposes a feasible, reproducible, and low-cost modified method to manufacture chitosan, chitosan/IgG-protein-loaded, and trimethylated chitosan nanoparticles, using microfluidics combined with the microemulsion technique, which differs from the traditional batch process of chitosan-based nanoparticles. The synthesis process consists of generating microreactors of chitosan-based polymer in a poly-dimethylsiloxane ψ-shaped microfluidic device and then crosslinking with sodium tripolyphosphate outside the cell. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrates an improvement in size control and distribution of the solid-shape chitosan nanoparticles (~80 nm) compared to the batch synthesis. Regarding chitosan/IgG-protein-loaded nanoparticles, these presented a core-shell morphology having a diameter of close to 15 nm. Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies confirmed the ionic crosslinking between the amino groups of chitosan and the phosphate groups of sodium tripolyphosphate in the fabricated samples and the total encapsulation of IgG protein during the fabrication of chitosan/IgG-loaded nanoparticles. Then, an ionic crosslinking and nucleation-diffusion process of chitosan-sodium tripolyphosphate was carried out during the nanoparticle formation, with and without IgG protein loading. The use of N-trimethyl chloride chitosan nanoparticles in vitro on human-keratinocyte-derived cell line HaCaT did not show side effects independently of its concentration from 1 to 10 µg/mL. Therefore, the proposed materials could be used as potential carrier-delivery systems.


Assuntos
Quitosana , Nanopartículas , Humanos , Portadores de Fármacos , Imunoglobulina G , Tamanho da Partícula
2.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1432171

RESUMO

Exponemos la experiencia del Instituto Nacional de Cardiología de una serie de casos de pacientes sometidos a trasplante cardiaco entre mayo de 2016 y junio 2022. Se realizaron 14 trasplantes, 13 fueron del sexo masculino. La edad osciló entre 19 y 62 años. Las etiologías fueron cardiopatías de tipo idiopática en 57% y valvular en 21%. El 50% se trasplantó en INTERMACS 4 (Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support), 21% INTERMACS 3 y solo 28% en INTERMACS 2. Tres pacientes se trasplantaron con asistencia circulatoria tipo membrana circulación extracorpórea. Las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron las infecciosas. La mortalidad hospitalaria fue 35,7%. Hubo un fallecido en el seguimiento tras 5 años de trasplante.


We present the experience of the National Institute of Cardiology of a series of cases of patients undergoing heart transplantation between May 2016 and June 2022. Fourteen transplants were performed, 13 of the patients were male. The age ranged between 19 and 62 years. The etiologies were idiopathic heart disease in 57% and valvular heart disease in 21%. Fifty percent was transplanted in INTERMACS 4 (Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support), 21% in INTERMACS 3 and only 28% in INTERMACS 2. Three patients were transplanted with membrane type extracorporeal circulation circulatory support. The most frequent complications were infectious. Hospital mortality was 35.7%. There was one patient who died during follow-up after 5 years of transplantation.

3.
Arch Cardiol Mex ; 91(4): 431-438, 2021 Nov 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33938903

RESUMO

Introduction and objectives: Although cardiologists frequently assist patients who suffer damage from smoking, the degree of training they receive to manage this problem during their residency is unknown. Because of this, we'd proposed to ­evaluate the preferences and practices of cardiology residents for smoking cessation of the attending patients. Materials and methods: Closed, prefixed, voluntary and anonymous survey among doctors who carried out the specialty of cardiology in 5 countries of Latin America and Spain. Results: 716 residents were surveyed; 62.4% from Argentina, 19% from Mexico, 6.8% from Spain, 6.7% from Chile, 3.2% from Uruguay, and 1.9% from Paraguay. When asked about the importance they assigned to this problem (using a scale of 1-10), 85.8% assigned this question a score of 8 or higher. While 80.5% of the participants expressed giving short anti-tobacco advice routinely, only 27.7% used pharmacological therapy for this purpose. Among those who did not use pharmacological therapy, 58.3% said that the reason was not being familiar with the treatments; 62.9% of the surveyed said they had not received any type of training in this problem. Those residents who received some type of training reported feeling more prepared for this (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: We found that cardiology residents have a low knowledge of pharmacological treatment and relatively low confidence to provide assistance in smoking cessation. This topic should be included in the training of future cardiologists in order to achieve a more comprehensive cardiovascular prevention.


Introducción y objetivos: Si bien los cardiólogos asisten cotidianamente a pacientes que sufren daño por el tabaquismo, no se conoce el grado de formación que reciben sobre esta problemática durante su residencia. Debido a ello nos propusimos evaluar las preferencias y prácticas de los residentes de cardiología para la cesación tabáquica de los pacientes que asisten. Materiales y métodos: Encuesta cerrada, prefijada, voluntaria y anónima entre médicos que realizaban la especialidad de cardiología en cinco países de Latinoamérica y España. Resultados: Se encuestaron 716 residentes: un 62.4% de Argentina, un 19% de México, un 6.8% de España, un 6.7% de Chile, un 3.2% de Uruguay y un 1.9% de Paraguay. Con respecto a la importancia que asignaban a esta problemática (empleando una escala de 1-10), el 85.8% le asignó a esta pregunta una puntuación de 8 o mayor. Mientras el 80.5% de los participantes expresó dar consejo breve antitabáquico sistemáticamente, solamente un 27.7% empleaban terapia farmacológica con este fin. Entre quienes no empleaban terapia farmacológica, el 58.3% manifestó que el motivo era no encontrarse familiarizados con los tratamientos. El 62.9% de los encuestados dijo no haber recibido ningún tipo de formación en esta problemática. Aquellos residentes que recibieron algún tipo de formación manifestaron sentirse más preparados (p < 0.0001). Conclusión: Encontramos un bajo conocimiento sobre el tratamiento farmacológico y relativamente poca seguridad por parte de los residentes de cardiología para brindar asistencia en cesación tabáquica. Consideramos esencial incluir este tópico en la formación de los futuros cardiólogos a fin de lograr una prevención cardiovascular más integral.


Assuntos
Cardiologia/educação , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Internato e Residência , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar , Humanos , América Latina , Espanha
4.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36196244

RESUMO

Background: Assembling an effective medical response for an overwhelming number of casualties has become a priority worldwide. Terrorist attacks have been part of the Colombian contemporaneous history. On February 7, 2003, a terrorist car bomb explosion occurred inside a private club in Bogotá, causing the largest number of casualties of all terrorist attacks for over 15 years. The present study analyses the hospital and prehospital responses to this mass casualty event by characterizing the patterns of injury, resource allocation, and outcome in a tertiary-level hospital where most of the casualties were treated. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective chart review of the patients brought to a single hospital (La Clínica del Country), which was the nearest to the terrorist attack. Demographics, severity of injury, patterns of injury, prehospital care, and outcomes were determined from the hospital medical records and government registries. Results: Of the 240 victims, 35 died at the explosion site (immediate mortality 17%). The 205 survivors were dispersed throughout the city, of whom 63 patients came to La Clínica del Country hospital. Most of these patients were evaluated only clinically and deemed not serious. The main mechanism of trauma was blunt (81.4%). The mean injury severity score (ISS) was 5.6 ± 8.3. Ten patients required emergent surgical intervention and 14 patients were admitted. The in-hospital mortality was 20%. Conclusion: This mass casualty event was a true test for the Colombian emergency medical system and disaster preparedness. The medical response and resource optimization resulted in an overall mortality rate similar to those observed in the recent European and North American bombings. Despite the limited resources, the continuous challenge of terrorist's attacks in Colombia made the country feel the need for training and preparing the healthcare professionals, allowing effective delivery of medical care.


Introducción: La organización de una respuesta médica efectiva a un número excesivo de víctimas de ataques terroristas se ha convertido en una prioridad en el mundo. Los ataques terroristas han sido parte de la historia colombiana contemporánea. El 7 de Febrero de 2003, un carro bomba explotó en el interior de un club privado en Bogotá, resultando en el ataque terrorista con mayor numero de víctimas durante los últimos 15 años. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la respuesta del sistema pre y hospitalario a un ataque terrorista masivo, caracterizar los patrones de lesión, utilización de recursos y desenlaces en un hospital de primer nivel, donde la mayoría de las víctimas fueron atendidas. Métodos: Este es un estudio retrospectivo de la revisión de 43 historias clínicas de 63 pacientes que fueron llevados al hospital privado más cercano después de un ataque terroristas. La información demográfica, la severidad, el patrón de las lesiones y los desenlaces fueron determinados a partir de las historias clínicas y los registros gubernamentales. Resultados: Treinta y cinco personas murieron en la escena y 205 personas fueron lesionadas (mortalidad inmediata de 17%). 63 pacientes fueron transferidos a nuestros hospitales. La mayoría de los pacientes fueron valorados clínicamente y no tenían lesiones serias. El principal mecanismos de trauma fue cerrado. El promedio de ISS fue 5.6 ± 8.3. Diez pacientes requirieron intervenciones quirúrgicas de urgencia y 14 fueron admitidos al hospital. La mortalidad crítica fue de 20%. Conclusione: Este incidente fue un verdadero examen a nuestro sistema médico de emergencias y plan de desastres hospitalario. Nuestro sistema médico optimizó los recursos resultando en una mortalidad crítica similar a la de las bombas ocurridas en Europa y Norte América. El desafío permanente de confrontar los ataques terroristas en Colombia ha proporcionado entrenamiento y preparación para asegurar un cuidado médico efectivo, aun con recursos limitados. Palabras clave: Ataque terrorista, Bomba, Evento con lesionados masivos, Respuesta medica.

5.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1390053

RESUMO

Presentamos un caso de un paciente de sexo masculino de 73 años de edad con dengue siendo portador de una prótesis mecánica en posición aórtica y anticoagulado con acenocumarol. Ingresó con plaquetopenia por lo que se suspendió acenocumarol y fue anticoagulado con enoxaparina. Evolucionó favorablemente por lo que fue dado de alta nuevamente con acenocumarol.


We present the case of a 73-year-old man with dengue who had a mechanical prosthesis in aortic position and was anticoagulated with acenocoumarol. As he was admitted with thrombocytopenia, acenocoumarol was suspended and anticoagulated instead with enoxaparin. The patient showed a favorable evolution and was discharged and restarted on acenocoumarol.

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