Comparative evaluation of two different dental age estimation methods using tooth pulp: A CBCT study.

AIM: To estimate the age of an individual based on 3D radiographic evaluation of pulp width of maxillary central incisor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 185 CBCT images of individuals within age range of 14-64 years. Images were evaluated for maxillary central incisors and pulp width measurements were taken from cementoenamel junction and middle third of root. Obtained data was subjected to correlation and regression analysis from which the age of an individual was predicted. Results of the present study were compared with another study by the same authors. RESULTS: A negative linear relationship was obtained between age and pulp width. The standard error of estimate (SEE) in sagittal section was 11.36 years and that in coronal section was 11.23 years. The coefficient of determination for sagittal section was 0.107 and for coronal section was 0.127. An obtained regression formula was highly significant. Division of samples into various age groups reduced SEE drastically. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that pulp width of maxillary central incisor is a reliable indicator of age estimation.

Association of Clinical Staging of OSMF with Habit of Smokeless Tobacco Consumption - Hospital Based Cross Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), a premalignant condition of oral cavity is associated with usage of smokeless tobacco. The growing prevalence and cultural acceptance of consumption of flavored arecanut and related products along with traditional smokeless tobacco products are confounding the scenario. OBJECTIVES: To find out clinical staging of OSMF and correlate it with consumption of smokeless tobacco usage related factors among subjects with oral sub mucous fibrosis in Ahmedabad city. METHODS: A cross sectional hospital-based study was conducted on 250 randomly selected clinically diagnosed OSMF subjects. The data regarding various demographic details and habit related factors was recorded in a pre-designed study proforma. The data obtained was statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Among 250 OSMF subjects, 9% were having grade I, 32% were having grade II, 39% were having grade III and 20% were having grade IV OSMF. 81.6% of males and 18.4% of females were having OSMF. The youngest age when habit was initiated was around of 8 years which is alarming in nature. The lowest duration reported to develop OSMF was 6 months. Statistically significant difference was observed between gender, duration, chewing time, swallowing of tobacco juice and clinical staging of OSMF. CONCLUSION: It is alarming that around 70% of the total subjects of OSMF were in the younger age group. The community-oriented outreach programs along with strict policy formulation and implementation should be developed to curb the usage of arecanut and smokeless tobacco derivatives. KEY WORDS: arecanut, smokeless tobacco, OSMF.

Kimura's Disease: A Confounding Condition.

Kimura disease (KD) is a chronic inflammatory lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown etiology and unsure pathogenesis. It primarily involves the head and neck region, presenting as an asymptomatic unilateral soft-tissue mass in the head and neck, frequently involving subcutaneous tissues, major salivary gland, lymph nodes. Peripheral blood eosinophilia, elevated serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, and the microscopically lymphoid proliferation with eosinophilic infiltration are the characteristic features. We report a case of KD in a 22-year-old Indian male who presented with an asymptomatic parotid gland enlargement with lymphadenopathy. The clinical presentation was suggestive of the benign lesion but histopathology, as well as microscopic findings, allowed us to make a definitive diagnosis of KD. The patient was treated with steroids and antihistamine and showed no recurrence on follow-up.

Parosteal osteosarcoma of mandible: A rare case report.

With the exception of multiple myelomas, osteosarcoma is the most frequently occurring primary malignant bone tumor with an overall incidence of 1:100,000/year. It has greatest predilection for the metaphyses, most frequently femur and tibia. However, osteosarcomas affecting the craniofacial bones are infrequent. Two main types: intramedullary and juxtacortical varieties are seen. Juxtacortical variety is further subdivided into periosteal and parosteal variants. Due to its rarity, only 13 cases of parosteal osteosarcoma have been reported till date. A 35-year-old male patient with affected postirradiated mandible is being reported as the 14th case of this kind with its unique benign presentation and less aggressive nature.

Sweet's syndrome.

Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis or Sweet's syndrome (SS) is characterized by painful, erythematous plaques of rapid onset accompanied by fever. The etiology of SS is unknown and it may be associated with antecedent infections, malignancies, autoimmune diseases, drugs and vaccines, upper respiratory or gastrointestinal infection, pregnancy, inflammatory bowel disease as well as chemotherapy or idiopathic. The standard therapy for SS is systemic corticosteroids. We report a rare case of 19-year-old young male patient with complaint of severe ill-defined type of pain in both jaws associated with plaques and papules on extensor surfaces of upper and lower extremities with bodyache and myalgia. Histopathological examination suggested perivascular neutrophilic infiltration with scattered eosinophils. Sweet syndrome has rare oral manifestations secondary to hematological changes. It can also present as a paraneoplastic syndrome (malignancy-associated form of condition, which is most commonly related to acute myelogenous leukemia), which leads to poor prognosis and thus it requires careful examination, early diagnosis and long-term follow-up.

Clinical correlative study on early detection of oral cancer and precancerous lesions by modified oral brush biopsy and cytology followed by histopathology.

BACKGROUND: Oral cancer accounts for 5% of all malignant tumors and 60% of these lesions are well advanced at the time of diagnosis. The early diagnosis could prevent a large number of deaths due to this disease. AIMS: This study aims to evaluate and compare the clinical usefulness of exfoliative cytology, modified brush biopsy (without computer assisted analysis), and biopsy in early detection of oral premalignant and malignant lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Modified oral brush biopsy (using baby toothbrush) and exfoliative cytology was performed on 225 clinically diagnosed oral precancerous lesions (suspected) selected from among 1099 lesions in 877 patients. Scalpel or punch biopsy was performed based on clinic-cytological evidence (test result and/or clinical judgment) on only 117 lesions. All the specimens were analyzed manually in a double-blinded fashion. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: RESULTS were analyzed using Statistical package for Social Sciences version 12 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and subjected to Fischer exact test. RESULTS: Of 117 lesions that underwent all the three tests, modified oral brush biopsy showed a reasonably higher specificity (68.42%) and sensitivity (81.69%) when compared with specificity (86.48%) and sensitivity (48.57%) of cytology. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate that modified oral brush biopsy has higher efficacy than routine cytology and can be used as a potentially practical oral cancer screening tool in resource challenged settings. However, clinical judgment is of prime importance. Immediate biopsy is mandatory in highly suspicious lesions proposed under the diagnostic criteria of "clinically diagnosed carcinoma in situ".

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of palate.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare tumor arising from the minor salivary glands;, the palate being the commonest site. Distant metastasis and perineural invasion areis common in adenoid cystic carcinoma. Diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma is made usually with the help of clinical features, radiographic features and histologic features. We reported a case of adenoid cystic carcinoma of palate involving left maxillary sinus. The diagnosis of the case and brief review of literature of adenoid cystic carcinoma is discussed. The aim here is to highlight the importance of diagnosis, treatment and long-term follow-up of the patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Orodental findings in Hallermann-Streiff syndrome.

Hallermann-Streiff syndrome-also called occulomandibulofacial syndrome, Francois syndrome, oculomandibulodyscephaly with hypotrichosis, Aubry syndrome I, and Ullrich-Fremery-Dohna syndrome-is a rare genetic disorder, which comprisesmultiple congenital abnormalities affecting chiefly the head and face. It is characterized by bird-like facies, dental abnormalities, hypotrichosis, atrophy of skin, congenital cataracts, bilateral microphthalmia, and proportionate nanism. An interesting case of Hallermann-Streiff syndrome in a 23-year-old female patient is reported here, with the emphasis on the orodental findings.