RESUMO
Health literacy (HL) is the ability of individuals to access, understand and use health information to improve their health. It is a multidimensional and contextual concept, whose definition has been enriched over time. Considered both as a health risk factor and a skill to be developed by individuals, HL also depends on the healthcare system in which patients have to navigate, and on healthcare professionals' awareness of this concept. In order to promote shared decision-making and thus individual empowerment in the healthcare, HL should be at the core of the concerns of nephrology care teams.
La littératie en santé (LS) est la capacité d'un individu à accéder à des informations en santé, à les comprendre et à les utiliser pour améliorer son état de santé. Il s'agit d'un concept pluridimensionnel et contextuel dont la définition s'est enrichie au fil du temps. Considérée à la fois comme un facteur de risque pour la santé et une aptitude à développer chez les individus, la LS dépend également du système de santé dans lequel les patients doivent naviguer et de la sensibilisation des professionnels de santé à ce concept. Afin de favoriser la décision partagée et ainsi l'émancipation des individus en matière de santé, la LS devrait être au cÅur des préoccupations des équipes de néphrologie.
Assuntos
Letramento em Saúde , Insuficiência Renal Crônica , Humanos , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/terapiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Social inequalities in health are responsible for disparities in access to the kidney transplant waiting list (KTWL). The perception of disparities by nephrologists has consequences for the registration on the KTWL. The purposes of our study were to assess the perception of the factors implicated in the disparities in access to the KTWL by nephrology trainees and to assess the quality of the questionnaire. METHODS: A questionnaire was developed to assess the perception of the determinants of the inequities in access to waitlisting. Continuous variables were described by median, 1st and 3rd quartiles. Categorical variables were described by frequencies and percentages. A principal component analysis and a hierarchical cluster analysis were performed to approach the correlation between the variables. A scree plot and a factor analysis were performed to determine the dimensions of the questionnaire. The internal consistency was estimated by Cronbach's coefficient. RESULTS: The response rate was 98/110 (89%). The determinants of inequities in the access to KTWL not perceived by the nephrology trainees were "female sex", "income level" and "the centre provision to adapt the information to all of the patients" (18,3%, 36,7, 47% respectively). "Age", "being born abroad", "place of living", "education level", "transplant centre", "the health care provider" were determinants of disparities perceived by most of the trainees (85,7%, 75,5%, 82,6%, 78,6%, 73,5% et 78,5% respectively). Items related to the transplant centre were positively correlated, as well as "being born abroad", "education level" and "income level". The Cronbach's coefficient was 0,60. CONCLUSION: Social inequalities in health are partially perceived by nephrology trainees. A teaching session could raise nephrologists' awareness of this issue and could help reduce the impact of these disparities on the course of ESKD (end-stage kidney disease) patients.