RESUMO
A solid-phase extraction, using Extrelut-1 glass columns, has been applied to urine samples of both passive and active smokers for high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of nicotine and its metabolites cotinine and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine. Chromatography was performed using a reversed-phase LC8DB column and a mobile phase consisting of water-acetonitrile (80:9, v/v) containing 5 ml triethylamine, 670 mg/l sodium heptanesulphonate, and 0.034 M each of K2HPO4 and citric acid (pH 4.4), at a flow-rate of 1.6 ml/min. The results obtained indicate that solid-phase extraction is a reliable and quick procedure which can be applied also to other nicotine metabolites.
Assuntos
Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Cotinina/análogos & derivados , Cotinina/urina , Nicotina/urina , Fumar/urina , HumanosRESUMO
A rapid and selective assay of morphine and its 3- and 6-glucuronides in serum, based on high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry has been developed. The analytes and the internal standard, codeine or naltrexone, were subjected to solid-phase extraction, using ethyl solid-phase extraction columns, prior to chromatography. A reversed-phase column and a gradient mobile phase consisting of water and methanol were used. The mass spectrometer was operated in the selected-ion monitoring mode. The following ions were used: m/z 286 for morphine, m/z 300 for codeine, m/z 342 for naltrexone, and m/z 462 for morphine 3- and 6-glucuronides. The limit of quantitation observed with this method was 10 ng/ml morphine, 50 ng/ml morphine-6-glucuronide and 100 ng/ml morphine-3-glucuronide. The present method proved useful for the determination of serum levels of the parent drug and its metabolites in pain patients, heroin addicts and in morphine-treated mice.
Assuntos
Derivados da Morfina/análise , Derivados da Morfina/farmacocinética , Morfina/análise , Morfina/farmacocinética , Animais , Calibragem , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Dependência de Heroína/sangue , Humanos , Masculino , Espectrometria de Massas , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Neoplasias/sangue , Padrões de ReferênciaRESUMO
Forty-three nonsmokers attending an infertility clinic reported their degree of passive exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and provided samples of blood and seminal plasma. Levels of nicotine and cotinine in biological fluid were evaluated by a radioimmunoassay. The data indicate that exposure to ETS results in measurable nicotine and cotinine levels in seminal plasma. Seminal plasma cotinine concentration also shows a significant positive correlation with degree of reported exposure.
Assuntos
Cotinina/análise , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Nicotina/análise , Sêmen/química , Poluição por Fumaça de Tabaco/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Cotinina/sangue , Humanos , Infertilidade Masculina/etiologia , Masculino , Nicotina/sangue , Radioimunoensaio , Fumar/efeitos adversosRESUMO
A simple and reliable reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method with ultraviolet detection is described for the quantitation of nicotine and its metabolites cotinine, trans-3'-hydroxycotinine, norcotinine and cotinine N-oxide in human serum. The analytes and the internal standard, N-ethylnorcotinine, were extracted by solid-phase extraction before chromatography. Two different columns and mobile phases with gradient systems were used. The detection limit of the assay was 10 ng/ml for nicotine, 3 ng/ml for cotinine N-oxide and 5 ng/ml for cotinine, trans-3'-hydroxycotinine and norcotinine. The concentrations of nicotine and its metabolites in the serum of 12 cigarette smokers are reported.
