RESUMO
A phytochemical investigation of Leucas aspera involved the isolation of flavones and steroids, along with triterpenoids. The identified chemical constituents were characterized as baicalein, baicalein-7-O-ß-D-glucuronide, lup-20(29)-ene-3α,23-diol, ß-sitosterol, and stigmasterol. Notably, baicalein (4) and baicalein-7-O-ß-D-glucuronide (5) demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity at a low minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Escherichia coli. Meanwhile, lup-20(29)-ene-3α,23-diol, ß-sitosterol, and stigmasterol displayed moderate antimicrobial activity against all the screened microorganisms. Further analysis showed that baicalein-7-O-ß-D-glucuronide had a strong docking score of -5.78 kcal/mol, indicating its robust interaction with E. coli DNA gyrase, which aligns with the in vitro findings. Additionally, baicalein-7-O-ß-D-glucuronide exhibited in silico ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolites, and excretion) properties similar to those of tetracycline.
RESUMO
Consumption of legumes has long been linked to their nutritional and medicinal benefits. Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. (Cowpea) is a legume plant in the Fabaceae family and is a rich source of nutrients also is known for its beneficial effects for diseases treatment. In terms of phytochemicals analysis and bioactivities evaluations the major research has focused on the Cowpea seeds, whereas leaves and pods are remained understudied. Herein we have highlighted leaves methanolic extract phytochemicals identification, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activity assessment. Cowpea leaves methanolic extract Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis first time revealed the presence of α-hederin, which is a putative novel SARS-COV-2 inhibitor and Zearlenone mycotoxin. Leaves methanolic extract exhibited strong activity against Streptococcus pyogens and Candida albicans. The Cowpea leaves extract is a potent DPPH inhibitor with an IC50 of 62.04 ± 0.08 µg/mL. The bioactive compounds identification in this work supports the plant's nutritional and medicinal uses.
