RESUMO
Despite evidence supporting the effectiveness of best practices in infection prevention and management, many healthcare workers fail to implement them and evidence-based practices tend to be underused in routine practice. Prevention and management of infections across the surgical pathway should always focus on collaboration among all healthcare workers sharing knowledge of best practices. To clarify key issues in the prevention and management of infections across the surgical pathway, a multidisciplinary task force of experts convened in Ancona, Italy, on May 31, 2019, for a national meeting. This document represents the executive summary of the final statements approved by the expert panel.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Gestão de Antimicrobianos , Controle de Infecções/normas , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/prevenção & controle , HumanosRESUMO
The aim of this retrospective study was to highlight the differences in antibiotic resistance between Hospital-acquired and Community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs). Antimicrobial UTIs resistance data were collected from March 2011 to March 2018. Uropathogens were identified from 41,715 patients using routine laboratory methods. Differences in antibiotic resistance between Hospital and Community (non-hospitalized) patients were statistically validated. Odds ratio (OR) and p-values was used to determine whether a particular exposure (hospitalization) was a risk factor for a particular outcome (higher antibiotic resistance). We reported a general increase of unnecessary urine cultures in both community and hospital patients. The most representative microorganism isolated from Community (58.2%) and Hospital (47.6%) was E. coli. UTIs causative bacteria in hospitalized patients was more than twice as resistant to Trimetoprim/sulphamethoxazole (OR 2.26) and Imipenem (OR 2.56), for Gram-positive and Gram-negative, respectively, than in Community patients. Nitrofurantoin was the only agent without differences in resistance rate between community and hospital UTIs. Therefore, physicians could use it as a definitive therapy for uncomplicated cystitis and as a prophylactic agent for recurrent uncomplicated cystitis. With this work we provided a general protocol applicable by physicians to select the most suitable, if necessary, UTIs empiric treatment.
Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas , Infecção Hospitalar , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Infecções Urinárias , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Infecções Bacterianas/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Bacterianas/microbiologia , Infecções Bacterianas/patologia , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/microbiologia , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/patologia , Infecção Hospitalar/tratamento farmacológico , Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/patologia , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Centros de Atenção Terciária/estatística & dados numéricos , Infecções Urinárias/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Urinárias/microbiologia , Infecções Urinárias/patologiaRESUMO
The government of the Marche Region has approved an Act called the "Regional Health Plan" establishing rules for the organization and development of healthcare. The main aim of the general plan is to rationalize the activities of medical laboratories first by making up an inventory of existing facilities and tests performed, and by classifying laboratories on the basis of their specialization and the complexity of tests that they perform.Moreover, the possible role of point-of-care testing and the need for clinical advice by laboratory professionals has also been debated.
