Autocuidado y calidad de vida en adultos mayores hemodializados / Self-Care and Quality of Life in Hemodialysis Elderly Patients

Introducción: La enfermedad renal crónica es un problema de salud que afecta cada vez a más personas. En la actualidad, una de las medidas terapéuticas para tratarla es la hemodiálisis, método invasivo que conlleva cambios físicos y psicológicos en el paciente, por lo que es importante conocer sobre su autocuidado y efectos sobre su calidad de vida. Objetivo: Describir la relación existente entre las prácticas de autocuidado y la calidad de vida en adultos mayores hemodializados. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, correlacional, de corte transversal, en el Centro de Hemodiálisis SERMEDIAL, Perú, 2022. La población estuvo conformada por 65 pacientes. Se utilizó la técnica de entrevista, como instrumento para la Valoración de la Calidad de Vida se aplicó la Escala KDQOL 36; y el autocuidado fue mensurado con la Guía de Prácticas de Autocuidado del Paciente Renal de Michón. Se aplicó la prueba de ji al cuadrado de Pearson y el coeficiente de contingencia. Resultados: El 100 por ciento de los adultos hemodializados que presentaron buenas prácticas de autocuidado tenían una buena calidad de vida. En los casos de deficientes prácticas de autocuidado, 84,60 por ciento tuvo una deficiente calidad de vida. La prueba estadística de ji al cuadrado demostró que esta relación es significativa (p≤ 0,01), con fuerza de asociación de 0,722. Conclusiones: Existe una relación directa entre las prácticas de autocuidado y la calidad de vida en adultos mayores hemodializados en el Centro de Hemodiálisis SERMEDIAL, Perú, 2022(AU)

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is a health problem that affects increasing more people. Currently, one of the therapeutic measures to treat it is hemodialysis, an invasive method involving physical and psychological changes in the patient; therefore, it is important to know about their self-care and such effects on their quality of life. Objective: To describe the relationship between self-care practices and quality of life in hemodialysis elderly patients. Methods: A descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional study was conducted at Centro de Hemodialysis SERMEDIAL, in Peru, in 2022. The population consisted of 65 patients. The interview technique was used. The Kidney Disease Quality of Life 36-item short form survey (KDQOL-36) scale was used as an instrument for assessing quality of life. Self-care was measured using Michón's Self-Care Practices Guide for Renal Patients. Pearson's chi-squared test and the contingency coefficient were applied. Results: 100 percent of the hemodialyzed adults who reported good self-care practices had a good quality of life. Concerning poor self-care practices, 84.60 percent had poor quality of life. The chi-squared statistical test showed that this relationship was significant (p≤; 0.01), with strength of association being 0.722. Conclusions: There is a direct relationship between self-care practices and quality of life in hemodialysis elderly patients at Centro de Hemodialysis SERMEDIAL (Peru, 2022)(AU)

The Mental Health of the Peruvian Older Adult during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

During the pandemic, the elderly population was the most exposed to disease and changes in their daily lives. The objective was to determine the association between demographic factors, access to health services, sources of information, and physical symptoms in the mental health of the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic-a study with 3828 older adults residing in nine cities in Peru. The data was collected using a web-based survey, and the instruments of demographic data; exposure to information (radio, television, and internet); and presence of physical symptoms, anxiety, and perceived stress were used. Descriptive and analytical analysis was performed. Female sex, those aged between 60 and 79 years old, those with secondary education, those in their own home, those residing in an urban area, and those using public services of health predominated in this study. Likewise, 62.9% presented depressive symptoms; on the stress scale, an average of 27.81 (SD = 8.71), and on the anxiety scale, an average of 27.24 (SD = 6.04). Moreover, 65.1% reported fatigue, 62.2% had a headache, and 61.2% lack of energy. There is an association between demographic variables and the physical and psychological symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms in the elderly during the pandemic.

Los hábitos de lectura reducen la procrastinación académica en estudiantes de enfermería / Reading Habits Reduce Academic Procrastination in Nursing Students

Introducción: La procrastinación académica es la conducta negativa de postergar sin razón diversas tareas. Se ha relacionado con diferentes variables, sin embargo, se desconoce si los hábitos de lectura influyen en su reducción. Objetivo: Determinar la influencia de los hábitos de lectura en la procrastinación académica en estudiantes de enfermería. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, correlacional causal, con una muestra de 271 estudiantes de enfermería de primero a quinto año de formación en la Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Perú. Se usaron dos instrumentos: el Inventario de hábitos de lectura de Muñoz y la escala de procrastinación de Busko. Se aplicó la prueba r de Pearson y el análisis de regresión lineal. Resultados: Las estudiantes de enfermería tuvieron edades que fluctúan entre los 16 y 25 años, con predominio del sexo femenino. Los hábitos de lectura fueron de nivel medio en el 66,79 por ciento y alto en el 30,99 por ciento de los casos. El 97,05 por ciento de estudiantes tuvo algún nivel de procrastinación, de los cuales 2,58 por ciento registró un nivel alto. Existe asociación significativa tanto entre hábitos de lectura y edad, como entre procrastinación y año de estudios. Conclusión: Los hábitos de lectura se relacionan de forma inversa con la procrastinación académica y predicen su disminución(AU)

Introduction: Academic procrastination is the negative behavior of putting off various tasks without reason. It has been related to different variables; however, it is unknown whether reading habits influence its reduction. Objective: To determine the influence of reading habits on academic procrastination in nursing students. Methods: Descriptive study, causal correlation, with a sample of 271 nursing students from first to fifth year of training at the National University of San Agustín de Arequipa, Peru. Two instruments were used: Muñoz Reading Habits Inventory and Busko Procrastination Scale. Pearson's r test and linear regression analysis were applied. Results: The nursing students had ages that fluctuate between 16 and 25 years, with a predominance of females. Reading habits were medium level in 66.79 percent and high in 30.99 percent of the cases. Certain level of procrastination was identified in 97.05 percent of students, 2.58 percent of them registered a high level. There is significant association between reading habits and age, as well as between procrastination and year of studies. Conclusion: Reading habits are inversely related to academic procrastination and predict its decline(AU)

Percepción sobre bienestar espiritual en estudiantes de enfermería / Percepção do bem-estar espiritual nos estudantes de enfermagem / Perception on spiritual well-being in nursing

Introducción: Conocer las percepciones del Bienestar Espiritual en los estudiantes deEnfermería responde a la necesidad hacer visible los valores del cuidado humano desde el procesode formación universitaria. Objetivo: Determinar el bienestar espiritual percibido por losestudiantes de la Facultad de Enfermería de la Universidad Nacional de San Agustín en Perú(Arequipa). Método: Estudio descriptivo de abordaje cuantitativo, en el que participaron 198estudiantes de enfermería que cursaban prácticas de pregrado. Se utilizó el instrumentoSHALOM,a partir de la propuesta de Fisher, y una ficha de caracterización. El análisis se realizómediante estadística descriptiva con medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión e inferencialmediante comparación con pruebas no paramétricas. Resultados: los estudiantes en su mayoríadel género femenino, estado civil soltero, con promedio de edad de 20,4 años, y predominio deformación por competencias presentan moderados niveles de bienestar espiritual en la categoríaideal para la salud espiritual, seguido por la de ayuda espiritual y la de cómo usted se siente. Seidentifica además, diferencias significativas en la percepción que tiene el estudiante frente a lastres categorías y en los dominios personal, ambiental, comunal y trascendental. Conclusiones: Esdeterminante incluir el componente de espiritualidad y cuidado espiritual como elementosintegradores a lo largo de la formación de enfermería. Se requiere fomentar una práctica debienestar espiritual como elemento central del cuidado de enfermería.(AU)

Background: To know nursing students’ perception of spiritual well-being respond to theneed of make human care values visible, during the process of university training.Objective: Todetermine the participants’ perceptions about spiritual well-being in a sample of students fromthe Faculty of nursing from Universidad Nacional de San Agustín (Arequipa, Perú) Methods:Descriptive quantitative study with a sample of 198 nursing students, who were doing clinicalpractice as part of their undergraduate training. The SHALOM instrument was used, accordinglywith John Fisher’s propositions, as well as characterization slip. The analysis was conducted byusing descriptive, central tendency and dispersion statistics, as well as non-parametric tests forinferential analysis. Results: the majority of students were female, single marital status, with anaverage age of 20.4 years. Competency-based training predominated and moderate levels ofspiritual well-being were observed on each of the following categories: spiritual health ideal,spiritual help and “how do you feel”. Furthermore, statistically significant differences wereobserved between student’s perception of each of the abovementioned categories in the personal,environmental, communal and transcendental domains.Conclusions: It is determinant to includespiritual component and spiritual caring as integrative elements throughout nursery schooltraining. It highlights the need of promoting a spiritual well-being practice as the central elementin nursing care.(AU)

Introdução: Conhecer as percepções do bem-estar espiritual nos estudantes deEnfermagem responde à necessidade de tornar visíveis os valores dos cuidados humanos a partirdo processo de formação universitária. Objectivo: Determinar o bem-estar espiritual percebidopelos estudantes da Faculdade de Enfermagem da Universidade Nacional de San Agustin no Peru(Arequipa). Método: Estudo descritivo da abordagem quantitativa, no qual participaram 198estudantes de enfermagem que eram estudantes de graduação. O instrumento SHALOM, baseadona proposta de Fisher, e uma forma de caracterização foram utilizados. A análise foi realizadaatravés da estatística descritiva com medidas de tendência central e de dispersão e inferencialatravés da comparação com testes não paramétricos. Resultados: os estudantes, na sua maioriado sexo feminino, solteiros, com uma idade média de 20,4 anos, e predominância da formaçãopor competências apresentam níveis moderados de bem-estar espiritual na categoria ideal para asaúde espiritual, seguidos de ajuda espiritual e como se sente. São também identificadas,diferenças significativas na percepção que o estudante tem perante as três categorias e nosdomínios pessoal, ambiental, comunitário e transcendental. Conclusões: É determinante incluir acomponente de espiritualidade e cuidados espirituais como elementos integradores ao longo daeducação de enfermagem. É necessário promover uma prática de bem-estar espiritual comoelemento central dos cuidados de enfermagem.(AU)