Strategy to avoid vascular injuries in revision total hip arthroplasty with intrapelvic implants.

AIMS: Our objective was describing an algorithm to identify and prevent vascular injury in patients with intrapelvic components. METHODS: Patients were defined as at risk to vascular injuries when components or cement migrated 5 mm or more beyond the ilioischial line in any of the pelvic incidences (anteroposterior and Judet view). In those patients, a serial investigation was initiated by a CT angiography, followed by a vascular surgeon evaluation. The investigation proceeded if necessary. The main goal was to assure a safe tissue plane between the hardware and the vessels. RESULTS: In ten at-risk patients undergoing revision hip arthroplasty and submitted to our algorithm, six were recognized as being high risk to vascular injury during surgery. In those six high-risk patients, a preventive preoperative stent was implanted before the orthopaedic procedure. Four patients needed a second reinforcing stent to protect and to maintain the vessel anatomy deformed by the intrapelvic implants. CONCLUSION: The evaluation algorithm was useful to avoid blood vessels injury during revision total hip arthroplasty in high-risk patients.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(11):859-866.

Aerobic exercise and telomere length in patients with systolic heart failure: protocol study for a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a syndrome that leads to fatigue and reduced functional capacity due to disease-related pathophysiological mechanisms. Aerobic exercise (AERO) plays a key role in improving HF outcomes, such as an increase in peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak). In addition, HF promotes cell senescence, which involves reducing telomere length. Several studies have shown that patients with a worse prognosis (i.e., reduced VO2 peak) also have shorter telomeres. However, the effects of AERO on telomere length in patients with HFrEF are still unknown. In an attempt to fill this gap, we designed a study to determine the effects of 16 weeks of aerobic training (32 sessions) on telomere length in HFrEF patients. METHODS: In this single-center randomized controlled trial, men and women between 50 and 80 years old will be allocated into two different groups: a moderate-intensity aerobic training and a control grouTelomere length, functional capacity, echocardiographic variables, endothelial function, and walking ability will be assessed before and after the 16-week intervention period. DISCUSSION: Understanding the role of physical exercise in biological aging in HFrEF patients is relevant. Due to cell senescence, these individuals have shown a shorter telomere length. AERO can delay biological aging according to a balance in oxidative stress through antioxidant action. Positive telomere length results are expected for the aerobic training group. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03856736 . Registered on February 27, 2019.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome from induced hypertension during endovascular thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

Endovascular repair of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm has been increasingly performed using fenestrated and branched endografts. Spinal cord injury is a complication of complex endovascular aortic repair, especially in patients with extensive aortic involvement. Maneuvers commonly used to avoid spinal cord injury include cerebrospinal fluid drainage and induced hypertension. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is associated with abnormal cerebral autoregulation through endothelial and blood-brain barrier dysfunction; the pathophysiology involves vasogenic edema, and severe hypertension is a recognized trigger. We report on a patient who developed posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome associated with induced hypertension used to prevent spinal cord injury during endovascular repair of a type II thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm using fenestrated and branched stent grafts.

Anatomic feasibility of off-the-shelf fenestrated stent grafts to treat juxtarenal and pararenal abdominal aortic aneurysms.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the anatomic feasibility of two off-the-shelf fenestrated stent graft designs to treat juxtarenal and pararenal abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). METHODS: Digital computed tomography angiograms were analyzed in 520 consecutive patients treated by open or fenestrated endovascular repair for complex AAAs (2000-2012). The anatomic feasibility of two off-the-shelf fenestrated designs, Endologix Ventana (Endologix Inc, Irvine, Calif) and Cook p-Branch (Cook Medical, Brisbane, Australia), was analyzed with the instructions for use (IFU) proposed by investigational protocols. RESULTS: There were 390 patients (75%) with juxtarenal and pararenal AAAs considered potential candidates for one of the two devices. Proximal seal (>15 mm) was achieved in all patients with the p-Branch and in 61% of the patients with the Ventana stent graft (P < .0001). The ability to incorporate visceral arteries was greater with the Ventana (90% vs 61%) compared with the p-Branch design (P < .0001). Less than a third of patients met strict IFU criteria with Ventana (27%) or p-Branch (33%; P < .05). By liberal IFU criteria, 42% of patients were candidates for Ventana and 49% for p-Branch (P < .03). Overall, 63% of the patients with juxtarenal and pararenal AAAs were candidates for endovascular repair with one of the two devices. CONCLUSIONS: The p-Branch design has greater anatomic feasibility and achieves proximal seal in all patients with juxtarenal and pararenal AAAs but is not able to incorporate visceral arteries in 40% of patients. The Ventana design allows incorporation of the visceral arteries in 90% of patients but fails to provide sufficient seal in 40%. Nearly 40% of juxtarenal and pararenal AAAs do not meet anatomic criteria for endovascular repair with one of the two devices, justifying the need for additional designs.

Open surgical and endovascular conduits for difficult access during endovascular aortic aneurysm repair.

Endovascular aortic aneurysm repair has gained widespread acceptance as the primary method of treatment of abdominal and thoracic aortic aneurysms. Difficult access because of small, narrowed, tortuous, or severely calcified iliac and femoral arteries poses a significant challenge and remains a common cause of inadvertent arterial disruption and conversion to open repair. Vascular complications associated with difficult access are associated with major morbidity and mortality. This article summarizes open surgical and endovascular alternatives to dealing with difficult iliofemoral access during endovascular aortic interventions.

Proposta de residência médica integrada com o mestrado na Faculdade de Medicina da UFMG: uma avaliaçäo junto aos residentes / Residency integrated with medical masters de gree at UFMG Medical School: evaluation among residents

O projeto integrando a residência médica com o mestrado e um programa opcional e dirigido a residentes que tenham interesse nas áreas de ensino e pesquisa. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a opiniäo dos residentes sobre o programa proposto, bem como determinar perfis de interesse nas áreas de pos-graduaçäo. Foram pesquisados, através de questionários, os 240 residentes de um hospital universitário (Hospital das Clinicas da UFMG) e 114 residentes de um hospital näo universitário (Instituto de Previdência dos Servidores do Estado de Minas Gerais - IPSEMG). O retorno de questionários foi de 50 por cento, totalizando 177 questionários respondidos, 68 por cento do HC - UFMG e 32 por cento do IPSEMG. Na pesquisa foram incluidos residentes das diversas áreas clinicas e cirurgicas sendo que 55 por cento eram do sexo masculino e 45 por cento do sexo feminino...