RESUMO
Biochemical and structural modifications were investigated in axenic cultured Trypanosoma cruzi after treatment with gangliosides. Fluorescence anisotropy showed dose dependent increments in parasite membranes of ganglioside treated epimastigotes. NADP-GDH activity increased in parasites treated at day 4 (13%), 7 (137.2%), and 14 (28.50%) while NAD-MDH but decreased from day 7 to 21 (-5.74%, -32.22%, -27.92%). Treated parasites presented electron-lucent vacuoles opposite to the cytostoma, multilamellar bodies and dilated mitochondrion cristae, disorganized kinetoplast and altered heterochromatin structure. Gangliosides inhibited fusogenic ability (80%) and PLA2 activity (>75%) from the parasite. The same occurred with anti-PLA2 antibodies. Trypomastigotes suffered loss of cytoplasmic material and organelles when GM1 was present in culture medium. We propose that exogenous gangliosides produced: altered lipid order, inhibited membrane enzymes, the parasite energy source shifted from glucose to amino acids, ending on a structural transformation which signals parasite cell death.
