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1.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 82(5): 367.e1-367.e6, mayo 2015. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-137019

RESUMO

La cooperación internacional al desarrollo en salud infantil despierta un especial interés en el ámbito pediátrico. En los últimos decenios se han ido revelando nuevas evidencias en torno al análisis de los factores vinculados a la morbimortalidad en las primeras etapas de la vida en los países menos adelantados. Este mayor conocimiento del origen de los problemas de salud y las posibles respuestas en forma de intervenciones con impacto determina la necesidad de su divulgación entre los profesionales de Pediatría interesados. Se hacen necesarios mayores esfuerzos para profundizar en materias relacionadas con salud global infantil y favorecer el que los pediatras conozcan y participen en estos procesos. Este artículo pretende ofrecer un acercamiento pediátrico social hacia los elementos relacionados con cooperación internacional y salud infantil


The international development cooperation in child health arouses special interest in paediatric settings. In the last 10 10 years or so, new evidence has been presented on factors associated with morbidity and mortality in the first years of life in the least developed countries. This greater knowledge on the causes of health problems and possible responses in the form of interventions with impact, leads to the need to disseminate this information among concerned professional pediatricians. Serious efforts are needed to get a deeper insight into matters related to global child health and encourage pediatricians to be aware and participate in these processes. This article aims to provide a social pediatric approach towards international cooperation and child health-related matters


Assuntos
Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Saúde da Criança , Cooperação Internacional , Saúde Global , Transtornos da Nutrição do Lactente/epidemiologia , Mortalidade Infantil
2.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 17(65): 77-86, ene.-mar. 2015. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-134631

RESUMO

La muerte súbita se define como la muerte abrupta e inesperada en ausencia de anomalías cardiovasculares conocidas. La probabilidad de un paciente joven de sobrevivir tras una parada cardiaca fuera del hospital es <20%, por lo que la identificación de pacientes en riesgo es esencial. El 90% de las muertes súbitas son de origen cardiovascular, por lo que teóricamente sería posible identificar los pacientes en riesgo antes del evento y prevenirlo. Aunque la muerte súbita puede ser la primera manifestación de la enfermedad, los pacientes con enfermedad cardiaca estructural-funcional o eléctrica primaria tienen con frecuencia síntomas previos como mareo, dolor de pecho, síncope, palpitaciones, disnea o antecedentes familiares de muerte súbita. A veces, estas señales de advertencia pueden ser malinterpretadas o ignoradas tanto por los pacientes y los padres como por el personal médico. Las estrategias para la prevención pasan por reconocer las enfermedades que pueden acabar en una muerte súbita mediante los procedimientos de cribado y mantener un índice de sospecha adecuado cuando se atienden los niños en la consulta (AU)


Sudden death is defined as the sudden and unexpected death in the absence of known cardiovascular abnormalities. The probability of a young patient to survive after a cardiac arrest outside the hospital is <20% so identification of patients at risk is essential. Up to 90% of sudden deaths have a cardiovascular origin and it would be theoretically possible to identify such patients at risk before the event in order to prevent it. Although sudden death may be the first manifestation of the disease, patients with primary structural-functional or electrical heart disease have often previous symptoms such as dizziness, chest pain, syncope, palpitations, dyspnea, or a family history of sudden death. Sometimes these warn- ing signs can be misinterpreted or ignored by patients, parents or medical staff. Sudden death prevention strategies include recognizing diseases with risk of sudden death by screening procedures and maintain a high index of suspicion all time while attending children (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Morte Súbita do Lactente/prevenção & controle , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Atenção Primária à Saúde/métodos , Fatores de Risco , Esportes
3.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 82(5): 367.e1-6, 2015 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25529375

RESUMO

The international development cooperation in child health arouses special interest in paediatric settings. In the last 10 10 years or so, new evidence has been presented on factors associated with morbidity and mortality in the first years of life in the least developed countries. This greater knowledge on the causes of health problems and possible responses in the form of interventions with impact, leads to the need to disseminate this information among concerned professional pediatricians. Serious efforts are needed to get a deeper insight into matters related to global child health and encourage pediatricians to be aware and participate in these processes. This article aims to provide a social pediatric approach towards international cooperation and child health-related matters.


Assuntos
Saúde da Criança , Cooperação Internacional , Pediatria , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Saúde Global , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido
4.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 16(63): 231-235, jul.-sept. 2014. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-127992

RESUMO

Continuamos con la serie de casos clínicos en Cardiología pediátrica, revisando los motivos de consulta y datos exploratorios en las consultas de Pediatría de Atención Primaria presentados de forma breve y práctica. En este número se presenta una urgencia cardiológica en el centro de salud. Se trata de un niño de siete años que acude por palpitaciones de inicio brusco. Se discute cómo la historia, la exploración y los hallazgos electrocardiográficos nos orientan hacia el origen de una taquicardia que a su vez condicionará el tratamiento del paciente (AU)


We continue the series of clinical cases in Pediatric Cardiology by reviewing reasons for consultation in Primary Care and exploratory data, presented briefly and practically. In this issue a cardiological emergency occurs in the health center. It is a seven year old boy who presented with sudden onset palpitations. We discuss how the history, examination, and electrocardiographic findings point us to the origin of tachycardia, which in turn will influence the patient's treatment (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Criança , Taquicardia/complicações , Taquicardia/terapia , Taquicardia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Eletrocardiografia , Cardioversão Elétrica/instrumentação , Cardioversão Elétrica/métodos , Taquicardia Supraventricular/complicações , Taquicardia Supraventricular/diagnóstico , Cardiopatias/complicações , Cardiopatias/epidemiologia , Cardiopatias/terapia , Cardioversão Elétrica/normas , Cardioversão Elétrica , Eletrocardiografia/métodos
5.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 80(3): 187.e1-187.e5, mar. 2014. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-119868

RESUMO

En este artículo se recogen las recomendaciones para la prevención de la endocarditis infecciosa (EI), contenidas en las guías elaboradas por la American Heart Association (AHA) y la European Society of Cardiology (ESC) a partir de las cuales, se han consensuado las recomendaciones de la Sociedad Española de Cardiología Pediátrica y Cardiopatías Congénitas. En los últimos años se ha producido un cambio considerable en las recomendaciones para la prevención de la EI, motivado principalmente por la falta de evidencia sobre la eficacia de la profilaxis antibiótica en su prevención y el riesgo de desarrollo de resistencias a los antibióticos utilizados. El cambio principal consiste en una reducción de las indicaciones de la profilaxis antibiótica, tanto en lo relativo a los pacientes como a los procedimientos considerados de riesgo. Las guías de práctica clínica y las recomendaciones deben asistir a los profesionales de la salud en la toma de decisiones clínicas en su ejercicio diario. No obstante, el juicio último sobre el cuidado de un paciente concreto lo debe tomar el médico responsable


This article sets out the recommendations for the prevention of infective endocarditis (IE), contained in the guidelines developed by the American Heart Association (AHA) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), from which the recommendations of the Spanish Society of Paediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease have been agreed. In recent years, there has been a considerable change in the recommendations for the prevention of IE, mainly due to the lack of evidence on the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis in prevention, and the risk of the development of antibiotic resistance. The main change is a reduction of the indications for antibiotic prophylaxis, both in terms of patients and procedures considered at risk. Clinical practice guidelines and recommendations should assist health professionals in making clinical decisions in their daily practice. However, the ultimate judgment regarding the care of a particular patient must be taken by the physician responsible


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Endocardite Bacteriana/prevenção & controle , Antibioticoprofilaxia , Cardiopatias Congênitas/complicações , Padrões de Prática Médica , Fatores de Risco , Estreptococos Viridans/patogenicidade , Staphylococcus aureus/patogenicidade
6.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 16(61): 61-64, ene.-mar. 2014. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-121759

RESUMO

Continuamos con la serie de casos clínicos en Cardiología pediátrica presentados de forma breve y práctica y tratando de mostrar la utilidad del electrocardiograma, método diagnóstico del que disponemos en Atención Primaria. En este número se presenta el caso de un recién nacido con arritmia en el periodo perinatal. Se discuten los hallazgos electrocardiográficos y la orientación en el manejo de este paciente (AU)


We continue the series of clinical cases in Pediatric Cardiology. They are presented briefly and practically and trying to show the usefulness of the electrocardiogram, diagnostic method available in primary care. In this issue we present the case of a newborn with arrhythmia in the perinatal period. Electrocardiographic findings and guidance in the management of this patient are discussed (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Recém-Nascido , Arritmias Cardíacas/complicações , Arritmias Cardíacas/diagnóstico , Arritmia Sinusal/complicações , Arritmia Sinusal/diagnóstico , Taquicardia Supraventricular/complicações , Taquicardia Supraventricular , Eletrocardiografia/métodos , Eletrocardiografia , Arritmias Cardíacas/fisiopatologia , Arritmias Cardíacas , Arritmia Sinusal , Ecocardiografia Doppler/instrumentação , Ecocardiografia Doppler/métodos
7.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 80(3): 187.e1-5, 2014 Mar.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23562531

RESUMO

This article sets out the recommendations for the prevention of infective endocarditis (IE), contained in the guidelines developed by the American Heart Association (AHA) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), from which the recommendations of the Spanish Society of Paediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease have been agreed. In recent years, there has been a considerable change in the recommendations for the prevention of IE, mainly due to the lack of evidence on the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis in prevention, and the risk of the development of antibiotic resistance. The main change is a reduction of the indications for antibiotic prophylaxis, both in terms of patients and procedures considered at risk. Clinical practice guidelines and recommendations should assist health professionals in making clinical decisions in their daily practice. However, the ultimate judgment regarding the care of a particular patient must be taken by the physician responsible.


Assuntos
Endocardite Bacteriana/prevenção & controle , Antibioticoprofilaxia , Criança , Humanos
8.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 15(58): 157-160, abr.-jun. 2013. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-113509

RESUMO

Continuamos con la serie de casos clínicos en Cardiología pediátrica, revisando los motivos de consulta y datos exploratorios frecuentes en las consultas de Pediatría de Atención Primaria, y presentados de forma breve y práctica. En este número se presenta el caso de un lactante de tres meses que acude por fatiga y sudoración con las tomas. Se discute cómo la exploración y los hallazgos electrocardiográficos orientan el manejo diagnóstico de este paciente (AU)


We continue the series of clinical cases in Pediatric Cardiology checking frequent reasons for consultation in the pediatric offices of Primary Care as well as exploratory signs, and presenting them in a brief and practical way. In this paper, we present the case of a 3 month-old infant who is taken because of shortness of breath and sweating with feeding. The way the physical exploration and the electrocardiographic findings guide the diagnosis of this patient is discussed (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Lactente , Fadiga/complicações , Fadiga/diagnóstico , Fadiga/etiologia , Sopros Sistólicos/complicações , Sopros Sistólicos/diagnóstico , Sopros Sistólicos/etiologia , Eletrocardiografia/métodos , Eletrocardiografia , Ecocardiografia , Fadiga/fisiopatologia , Fadiga , Volume Sistólico/fisiologia , Volume Sistólico/efeitos da radiação , Sopros Sistólicos/fisiopatologia , Sopros Sistólicos , Atenção Primária à Saúde/métodos , Atenção Primária à Saúde/tendências
9.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 14(55): 243-247, jul.-sept. 2012. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-106765

RESUMO

Continuamos con la serie de casos clínicos en Cardiología pediátrica revisando los motivos de consulta frecuentes en las consultas de Pediatría de Atención Primaria, presentados de forma breve y práctica y tratando de mostrar la utilidad del electrocardiograma, método diagnóstico del que disponemos en Atención Primaria. En este número se presenta el caso de un niño de 12 años con un soplo cardiaco. Se discuten los hallazgos electrocardiográficos y la orientación en el manejo de este paciente(AU)


We continue the series in Paediatric Cardiology checking frequent reasons for consultation in the paediatric offices of Primary Care, presenting them in a brief and practical way and trying to show the electrocardiogram usefulness, diagnostic tool available at the Primary Care office. In this paper we present the case of a 12 years old boy with a heart murmur. The way physical exploration and electrocardiographic findings guide the diagnosis of this patient is discussed(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Criança , Sopros Cardíacos/diagnóstico , Eletrocardiografia/métodos , Eletrocardiografia , Bloqueio Cardíaco , Cardiopatias Congênitas , Cardiopatias , Sopros Cardíacos , Atenção Primária à Saúde/métodos , Atenção Primária à Saúde/tendências
11.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 12(47): 437-441, jul.-sept. 2010. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-82164

RESUMO

Continuamos con la serie de casos clínicos en Cardiología Pediátrica revisando los motivos de consulta y los datos exploratorios en las consultas de Pediatría de Atención Primaria, presentados de forma breve y práctica. En este número se recoge el caso de un niño de diez años que consulta por dolor abdominal, detectando en la exploración física general una auscultación cardiaca arrítmica. Se discute la interpretación del electrocardiograma y el manejo del paciente(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Criança , Auscultação Cardíaca/métodos , Auscultação Cardíaca/tendências , Atenção Primária à Saúde/métodos , Atenção Primária à Saúde/tendências , Eletrocardiografia/estatística & dados numéricos , Eletrocardiografia , Arritmias Cardíacas/epidemiologia , Complexos Cardíacos Prematuros/diagnóstico , Complexos Cardíacos Prematuros
12.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 12(45): 89-94, ene.-mar. 2010. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-79214

RESUMO

Continuamos con la serie de casos clínicos en cardiología pediátrica revisando los motivos de consulta y los datos exploratorios en las consultas de Pediatría de Atención Primaria, presentados de forma breve y práctica. En este número se recoge el caso de un niño de 12 años al que se le detecta una auscultación cardíaca anómala en el contexto de una gastroenteritis aguda. Se discute cómo la exploración y los hallazgos electrocardiográficos orientan el manejo diagnóstico de este paciente (AU)


We continue the series of clinical cases in Pediatric Cardiology checking reasons for consultation in the pediatric offices of Primary Care as well as exploratory signs, and presenting them in a brief and practical way. In this paper we present the case of a 12 years old boy to whom an anomalous cardiac auscultation is noticed in the context of an acute gastroenteritis. The way the physical exploration and the electrocardiographic findings guide the diagnosis of this patient is discussed (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Criança , Gastroenterite/complicações , Cardiopatias Congênitas/diagnóstico , Situs Inversus/diagnóstico , Auscultação Cardíaca , Achados Incidentais
13.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 11(44): 619-624, oct.-dic. 2009. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-76291

RESUMO

Continuamos con la serie de casos clínicos en cardiología pediátrica revisando los motivosde consulta y los datos exploratorios frecuentes en las consultas de Pediatría de AtenciónPrimaria, presentados de forma breve y práctica. En este número se cuenta el caso deun niño de 14 años que refiere tener palpitaciones de inicio repentino. Se discute cómo laexploración y los hallazgos electrocardiográficos orientan el manejo diagnóstico de este paciente(AU)


We continue the series of clinical cases in Paediatric Cardiology reviewing common reasonsfor consultation in the paediatric Primary Care offices, presented in a brief and practicalway. In this paper we present the case of a 14 year old boy with sudden onset palpitations.The way physical exam and electrocardiographic findings guide the diagnosis in this patientis discussed(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Taquicardia Supraventricular/complicações , Taquicardia Supraventricular/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White/complicações , Síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White/diagnóstico , Atenção Primária à Saúde/métodos , Taquicardia Supraventricular/terapia , Taquicardia Supraventricular , Síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White/etiologia , Síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White/fisiopatologia
14.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 71(5): 432-435, nov. 2009. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-72501

RESUMO

La miocarditis es un trastorno inflamatorio del miocardio que cursa con la necrosis de los miocitos. La principal causa son las infecciones virales. La presentación clínica es muy variada: desde formas leves hasta formas fulminantes que cursan con la muerte y que se inician frecuentemente con síntomas banales. Presentamos el caso de un niño de 18 meses que acude a urgencias por astenia y anorexia de 24h de evolución, con antecedente de fiebre en el contexto de infección respiratoria de vías altas la semana anterior. A su llegada a urgencias y durante las primeras horas de observación la exploración física fue rigurosamente normal. Posteriormente presentó empeoramiento progresivo del estado general (palidez y mala perfusión periférica) con alteraciones analíticas (acidosis metabólica, insuficiencia renal e hiperglucemia) y de forma brusca parada cardiorrespiratoria sin respuesta a maniobras de reanimación cardiopulmonar (AU)


Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium accompanied by necrosis of myocytes. The main causes are viral infections. The clinical presentation varies from mild forms to devastating ones which usually begin with trivial symptoms with progression, in some cases, to death. We report the case of an 18 month-old male toddler consulting for asthenia and anorexia for the last 24h and a previous history of respiratory tract infection with high fever in the last week. Upon arrival at the emergency room and during the first hours of admission, physical examination was perfectly normal. Later, his general state gradually deteriorated, with biochemical disturbances (metabolic acidosis, renal failure and hyperglycaemia) and, eventually, a sudden cardiac arrest, with no response to cardiopulmonary resuscitation manoeuvres (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Lactente , Miocardite/complicações , Parada Cardíaca/etiologia , Viroses/complicações , Reanimação Cardiopulmonar
15.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 71(5): 432-5, 2009 Nov.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19726249

RESUMO

Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium accompanied by necrosis of myocytes. The main causes are viral infections. The clinical presentation varies from mild forms to devastating ones which usually begin with trivial symptoms with progression, in some cases, to death. We report the case of an 18 month-old male toddler consulting for asthenia and anorexia for the last 24h and a previous history of respiratory tract infection with high fever in the last week. Upon arrival at the emergency room and during the first hours of admission, physical examination was perfectly normal. Later, his general state gradually deteriorated,with biochemical disturbances (metabolic acidosis, renal failure and hyperglycaemia) and, eventually, a sudden cardiac arrest, with no response to cardiopulmonary resuscitation manoeuvres.


Assuntos
Infecções por Echovirus/complicações , Parada Cardíaca/etiologia , Miocardite/complicações , Miocardite/virologia , Evolução Fatal , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino
16.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 11(42): 277-281, abr.-jun. 2009. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-73120

RESUMO

Continuamos con la serie de casos clínicos en Cardiología pediátrica revisando los motivosde consulta y datos exploratorios frecuentes en las consultas de Pediatría de Atención Primaria,y presentados de forma breve y práctica. En este número se presenta el caso de un niñode 7 años al que se le detecta un soplo sistólico en el contexto de una infección respiratoria vírica.Se discute cómo la exploración y los hallazgos electrocardiográficos orientan el manejodiagnóstico de este paciente(AU)


We continue the series of clinical cases in Pediatric Cardiology checking frequent reasonsfor consultation in the pediatric offices of Primary Care as well as exploratory signs, and presentingthem in a brief and practical way. In this paper we present the case of a 7 years old boyto whom a systolic murmur is noticed in the context of a viral respiratory infection. The waythe physical exploration and the electrocardiographic findings guide the diagnosis of this patientis discussed(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Criança , Sopros Sistólicos/complicações , Sopros Sistólicos/diagnóstico , Sopros Sistólicos/terapia , Bloqueio de Ramo/complicações , Bloqueio de Ramo/diagnóstico , Bloqueio Cardíaco/diagnóstico , Cardiopatias Congênitas/diagnóstico , Cardiopatias Congênitas/terapia , Sopros Sistólicos/epidemiologia , Sopros Sistólicos/prevenção & controle , Sopros Sistólicos/fisiopatologia , Eletrocardiografia , Cardiopatias Congênitas/epidemiologia , Comunicação Interatrial/complicações , Comunicação Interatrial/diagnóstico , Atenção Primária à Saúde
17.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 10(40): 649-652, oct.-dic. 2008.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-73095

RESUMO

Continuamos con la serie de casos clínicos en Cardiología pediátrica revisando los motivosde consulta frecuentes en las consultas de Pediatría de Atención Primaria, y presentadosde forma breve y práctica. En este número se presenta el caso de una niña de 12 añosque consulta por palpitaciones. Se discute cómo la clínica y los hallazgos electrocardiográficos orientan el manejo diagnóstico de esta paciente(AU)


We continue the series of clinical cases in Pediatric Cardiology checking frequent reasons for consultation in the pediatric offices of Primary Care, and presenting them in a brief and practical way. In this paper we present the case of a 12 years old girl that suffers palpitations. The way clinical and electrocardiography findings guide the diagnosis of this patient is discussed (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Eletrocardiografia/métodos , Eletrocardiografia/tendências , Arritmias Cardíacas/complicações , Arritmias Cardíacas/epidemiologia , Síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White/complicações , Síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White/diagnóstico , Atenção Primária à Saúde/métodos
18.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 67(1): 51-6, 2007 Jul.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17663906

RESUMO

THERAPY: Although obesity is one of the leading health problems in developed countries, effective treatment is lacking. The aim of the present study was to determine whether group therapy is more efficient in inducing weigh loss than individual therapy in the pediatric age group. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Fifty obese patients, 15 preadolescents and 33 adolescents (12 boys and 23 girls) were studied. In all patients, dietary intake was modified to reduce calorie intake. Initially all patients were followed-up individually every 3 months (individual therapy) until the beginning of group therapy when the patients were seen monthly in groups of 10-15 patients with their parents (preadolescents) or alone (adolescents). In the group sessions, talks were given about diet and exercise. In each session, the patient who had shown the greatest improvement in habits and weight loss received a prize. The patients were followed-up for 2 years, with individual therapy in the first year and group therapy in the second. Differences in body mass index (BMI) z-score before the beginning of therapy and during therapy were analyzed using Student's paired T test. RESULTS: With individual therapy, no changes in BMI z-score were observed throughout the study. In contrast, with group therapy, BMI z-score decreased in all the groups studied. During the 1-year follow-up with individual therapy, 60 % of the patients gained more than 5 kg. With group therapy, only 10 % of patients gained more than 5 kg. CONCLUSIONS: In obese children and adolescents, group therapy was more efficient than individual therapy in inducing weight loss.


Assuntos
Obesidade/terapia , Psicoterapia de Grupo , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino
19.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 67(1): 51-56, jul. 2007. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-055327

RESUMO

Objetivos. No existen formas eficaces de tratamiento de la obesidad a pesar de constituir uno de los principales problemas sanitarios de los países desarrollados. En el presente trabajo estudiamos si la terapia de grupo es más eficaz para perder peso que la terapia individual en la edad pediátrica. Métodos. Se seleccionó un grupo de 50 pacientes obesos; 15 niños preadolescentes y 35 adolescentes (12 niños y 23 niñas). En todos ellos, tras la revisión de la dieta se introdujeron modificaciones para disminuir la ingesta calórica. Los niños fueron seguidos trimestralmente (terapia individual) hasta que se inició la terapia de grupo, realizándose a partir de entonces visitas mensuales en grupos de 10-15 niños, junto con sus padres (los preadolescentes) o solos (adolescentes). En las sesiones se comentaron temas nutricionales y formas de incrementar la actividad física. Además se dio un premio al niño que conseguía mejorar sus hábitos y perdía peso. Los pacientes fueron controlados durante 2 años, el primero con terapia individual y el segundo con terapia de grupo. Utilizando el test de la T-pareada se comparó la diferencia entre la z-score del índice de masa corporal (IMC) al inicio del tratamiento y durante el mismo. Resultados. Con la terapia individual no se observaron cambios en la z-score del IMC a lo largo del tiempo de seguimiento, mientras que con la terapia de grupo se observó una disminución significativa en todos los grupos. Durante el año de seguimiento con terapia individual un 60 % de los niños ganaron más de 5 kg, comparado con el 10 % observado durante la terapia de grupo. Conclusiones. En niños y adolescentes obesos, la terapia de grupo resultó más eficaz para perder peso que la terapia individual


Therapy. Although obesity is one of the leading health problems in developed countries, effective treatment is lacking. The aim of the present study was to determine whether group therapy is more efficient in inducing weigh loss than individual therapy in the pediatric age group. Experimental design. Fifty obese patients, 15 preadolescents and 33 adolescents (12 boys and 23 girls) were studied. In all patients, dietary intake was modified to reduce calorie intake. Initially all patients were followed-up individually every 3 months (individual therapy) until the beginning of group therapy when the patients were seen monthly in groups of 10-15 patients with their parents (preadolescents) or alone (adolescents). In the group sessions, talks were given about diet and exercise. In each session, the patient who had shown the greatest improvement in habits and weight loss received a prize. The patients were followed-up for 2 years, with individual therapy in the first year and group therapy in the second. Differences in body mass index (BMI) z-score before the beginning of therapy and during therapy were analyzed using Student's paired T test. Results. With individual therapy, no changes in BMI z-score were observed throughout the study. In contrast, with group therapy, BMI z-score decreased in all the groups studied. During the 1-year follow-up with individual therapy, 60 % of the patients gained more than 5 kg. With group therapy, only 10 % of patients gained more than 5 kg. Conclusions. In obese children and adolescents, group therapy was more efficient than individual therapy in inducing weight loss


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Humanos , Obesidade/terapia , Psicoterapia de Grupo/métodos , Obesidade/psicologia , Dieta com Restrição de Gorduras , Evolução Clínica , Atividade Motora , Índice de Massa Corporal , Assunção de Riscos
20.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 58(1): 52-4, 2003 Jan.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12628119

RESUMO

A neonate with increased nuchal translucency and congenital adrenal hyperplasia is described. The possible interferences in hormone assays when values are much higher than the average assay range are also discussed.


Assuntos
Hiperplasia Suprarrenal Congênita/complicações , Pescoço/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Gravidez , Ultrassonografia Pré-Natal
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