The 100 Most Mentioned Glaucoma Articles Online With Highest Altmetric Attention Scores.

PRCIS: Characteristics of the most mentioned glaucoma articles on the internet were analyzed, allowing a better understanding of the dissemination of glaucoma research to the general public. PURPOSE: The aim was to determine the 100 most mentioned articles on the internet in the field of glaucoma and analyze their characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We identified the top 100 glaucoma articles with the highest Altmetric Attention Score (AAS), an automatically calculated metric for monitoring social media. Each article was evaluated for several characteristics including year of publication, title, journal name, journal impact factor (IF), article topic, article type, affiliation, and online mentions (news, blog, policy, Twitter, Facebook, etc.). Correlation analysis was conducted for AAS with these characteristics. RESULTS: The selected 100 articles came from 44 journals with more than half (56%) published in ophthalmology-specific journals. There was no significant correlation between IF and number of articles in a specific journal or AAS (P>0.1), but the number of articles in the top 100 was higher for ophthalmology journals with a higher IF (P<0.05). Original study was the most common study type (87%), of which clinical observation study was the most common subgroup (40%). Epidemiology/risk factor and basic science were the most common article topics (each 24%), followed by medical treatment (13%). Article topics regarding medical treatment had a significantly greater AAS than other topics (P<0.05). Of the top 5 articles, more than half (60%) were related to "Lifestyle choice" topics. CONCLUSIONS: There was no association between journal IF and AAS, consistent with previous studies. 90% of journals that had articles in the top 100 had a Twitter page. "Lifestyle choice" activities and other modifiable risk factors attracted significant online attention regarding glaucoma studies, with two of the top three most mentioned articles related to dietary intake. The present study thus provides a better understanding of online engagement with glaucoma research and the dissemination of this research to the general public.

Earlier Detection of Glaucoma Progression Using High-Density 3-Dimensional Spectral-Domain OCT Optic Nerve Volume Scans.

PURPOSE: To compare onset times of glaucoma progression among different glaucoma tests: disc photography (DP), visual field (VF) testing, 2-dimensional (2D) retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and 3-dimensional (3D) spectral-domain (SD) OCT neuroretinal rim measurements. DESIGN: Prospective, longitudinal cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred twenty-four eyes of 124 patients with open-angle glaucoma. METHODS: Over a 5-year period, 124 patients with open-angle glaucoma underwent yearly DP, VF testing, SD OCT RNFL thickness scans, and optic nerve volume scans (Spectralis; Heidelberg Engineering), all performed on the same day. From high-density optic nerve volume scans, custom-built software calculated the minimum distance band (MDB) thickness, a 3D neuroretinal rim parameter. Patients were classified as glaucoma progressors or nonglaucoma progressors using event-based analysis. Progression by DP and VF testing occurred when 3 masked glaucoma specialists unanimously concurred. Progression by RNFL and MDB thickness occurred if change of more than test-retest variability was observed. Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed to analyze time-to-progression data. Kappa Coefficients were used to measure agreement of progressing eyes among methods. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Time to glaucoma progression among all 4 methods. RESULTS: Global MDB thickness detected glaucoma progression in the highest percentage of eyes (52.4%) compared with DP (16.1%; P < 0.001) and global RNFL thickness (15.3%; P < 0.001). Global MDB thickness detected glaucoma progression earlier than either DP (23 months vs. 44 months; P < 0.001) or global RNFL thickness (23 months vs. 33 months; P < 0.001). Among MDB progressing eyes, 46.2% were confirmed simultaneously or later by other conventional methods. Agreement of glaucoma-progressing eyes for all 4 methods in paired fashion were slight to fair (κ = 0.095-0.300). CONCLUSIONS: High-density 3D SD OCT neuroretinal rim measurements detected glaucoma progression approximately 1 to 2 years earlier compared with current clinically available structural tests (i.e., DP and 2D RNFL thickness measurements).

Retinal nerve fiber layer changes based on historic CD4 nadir among HIV positive patients undergoing glaucoma evaluation.

AIM: To determine relationships between retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and nadir CD4 cell count in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients evaluated for glaucoma suspicion. METHODS: Data were reviewed for 329 HIV positive patients evaluated for glaucoma suspicion. High-definition optical coherence tomography (OCT) RNFL measurements were obtained at least 6mo apart. Analyses were performed to identify relationships between nadir CD4 count and RNFL thickness. RESULTS: Totally 110 eyes of 55 patients met inclusion criteria, of which 46 eyes were from subjects with nadir CD4<200 cells/mm3 and 64 had nadir CD4≥200 cells/mm3. Patients with nadir CD4<200 cells/mm3 had significantly thicker superior (119.7±18.6 µm) and temporal (63.8±11.7 µm) quadrants at time of initial OCT compared to the superior (112.8±16.8 µm, P=0.048) and temporal (57.1±11.9 µm, P=0.004) quadrants of patients with higher nadir CD4. This trend toward thicker RNFL among subjects with lower nadir CD4 cell counts persisted at the time of follow up OCT where participants with nadir CD4<200 cells/mm3 showed average RNFL thickness in the superior and temporal quadrants of 117.9±18.3 µm and 63.8±12.8 µm, respectively, compared to a superior thickness of 110.5±16.9 µm (P=0.034) and temporal thickness of 57.3±11.6 µm (P=0.007) among those with higher nadir CD4. CONCLUSION: Patients with lower nadir CD4 cell counts have thicker RNFL in the superior and temporal quadrants compared to those with higher nadir CD4 counts. RNFL thickness in HIV positive patients may be affected by historic HIV disease control and should be considered when evaluating HIV positive patients for glaucoma.

An Artificial Intelligence Approach to Detect Visual Field Progression in Glaucoma Based on Spatial Pattern Analysis.

Purpose: To detect visual field (VF) progression by analyzing spatial pattern changes. Methods: We selected 12,217 eyes from 7360 patients with at least five reliable 24-2 VFs and 5 years of follow-up with an interval of at least 6 months. VFs were decomposed into 16 archetype patterns previously derived by artificial intelligence techniques. Linear regressions were applied to the 16 archetype weights of VF series over time. We defined progression as the decrease rate of the normal archetype or any increase rate of the 15 VF defect archetypes to be outside normal limits. The archetype method was compared with mean deviation (MD) slope, Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study (AGIS) scoring, Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Study (CIGTS) scoring, and the permutation of pointwise linear regression (PoPLR), and was validated by a subset of VFs assessed by three glaucoma specialists. Results: In the method development cohort of 11,817 eyes, the archetype method agreed more with MD slope (kappa: 0.37) and PoPLR (0.33) than AGIS (0.12) and CIGTS (0.22). The most frequently progressed patterns included decreased normal pattern (63.7%), and increased nasal steps (16.4%), altitudinal loss (15.9%), superior-peripheral defect (12.1%), paracentral/central defects (10.5%), and near total loss (10.4%). In the clinical validation cohort of 397 eyes with 27.5% of confirmed progression, the agreement (kappa) and accuracy (mean of hit rate and correct rejection rate) of the archetype method (0.51 and 0.77) significantly (P < 0.001 for all) outperformed AGIS (0.06 and 0.52), CIGTS (0.24 and 0.59), MD slope (0.21 and 0.59), and PoPLR (0.26 and 0.60). Conclusions: The archetype method can inform clinicians of VF progression patterns.

Bi-institutional retrospective study on the demographics and basic clinical presentation of hidrocystomas.

Hidrocystomas are benign, cystic lesions of eccrine and apocrine sweat glands. The literature on hidrocystomas is sparse, consisting of a handful of case reports and limited retrospective reviews. This is the first known bi-institutional, retrospective, chart review aimed to elucidate the demographics and basic clinical presentation of hidrocystomas. Medical records of adult patients with a pathological diagnosis of hidrocystoma from September 1, 2008 to August 1, 2015 in the Oculoplastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service at the Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary (UIC) and Department of Ophthalmology of Weill Cornell Medical College (Cornell) were reviewed. Children under the age of 18 were not included. Data collection included: gender, race, age at diagnosis, laterality, location, total number of lesions, and recurrence. Results from both institutions were compared against each other and as a whole. A total of 107 patients were diagnosed with hidrocystoma on pathology. The mean age of diagnosis was 56 years (22-85). Hidrocystomas were diagnosed in 69 (64.4%) females and 38 (35.5%) males. Lesions were most commonly found in African American (37.4%), Caucasian (30.8%), and Hispanic (16.8%) patients combined across the two institutions with different patient populations. Lesions were largely unilateral (74.8%) and found on the lower lid (38.6%), lateral canthus (31.2%), upper lid (17.7%), and medial canthus (12.6%). Recurrences were seen in 2.3% of lesions. The majority of recurrences occurred in patients who identified their race as Hispanic (2/5) and Caucasian (3/5). Recurrences were seen in 2 males and 3 females. Apocrine and ecccrine hidrocystomas may be more common in female, African American, Caucasian, and Hispanic patients, presenting most commonly in adults in their mid-fifties. Lesions tend to be unilateral with lower lid lesions being the most prevalent location and medial canthus lesions being the least prevalent location for lesion growth. Recurrences may be most common in Hispanics and Caucasians and less common in African Americans. Although a precise recurrence rate cannot be determined at this time, our data suggests that the recurrence rate is low with current excisional methods.

Adjunctive re-dilation for early cicatrization after punctoplasty.

PURPOSE: To evaluate punctoplasty outcomes with adjunctive in-office probing of early post-procedure cicatricial changes. METHOD: Retrospective analysis of all eyes undergoing 3-snip punctoplasty by a single surgeon between August 1,2008 and June 30, 2011. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients were eligible for this study. Twenty-eight eyes (15 right, 13 left) underwent punctoplasty. Twenty-three eyes underwent in-office post-procedure dilation for early cicatricial changes. Anatomical success was achieved in 22 patients (100%). Twenty-one patients (95.5%) reported improvement in epiphora. CONCLUSIONS: Functional and anatomical success rates after punctoplasty may be improved by close post-procedure follow-up with in-office re-dilation for recurrent punctal cicatrization.