On the electrical properties of dislocations in ZnS using electric force microscopy.

A combination of electric force microscopy (EFM) and noncontact atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to study microscratching-induced dislocations in sphaleritic ZnS single crystals. Dislocation bands predominantly consisting of either anion-type (S) or cation-type (Zn) dislocations were induced by scratching along either [111] or [111] on a (110) surface. A significant difference of local distortions in electrical potential between the S(g) and Zn(g) dislocation bands was observed from the EFM images. Electric charges of these dislocations were determined quantitatively and the results were compared with theoretical models.

[Non-ulcer dyspepsia syndrome]. / Sindrom neiazvennoi dispepsii.

In one thousand of 1500 examinees with nonulcerous dyspepsia the syndrome was due to chronic gastritis, duodenitis and gastroduodenitis, in five hundred of them it was attributed to probable dysfunction of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Morphological evidence of chronic gastritis activity is essential but not the only factor affecting the dyspepsia syndrome. Of importance are also motor dysfunctions: high intragastric and/or intraduodenal pressure, unbalance of intracavitary pressure parameters, gastroesophageal and duodenogastric refluxes. A significant contamination of antral mucosa with Helicobacter pylori aggravated dyspeptic manifestations.

[Erosive reflux-esophagitis and its treatment]. / Erozivnyi refliuks-ézofagit i ego lechenie.

Altogether 78 patients were examined over time. They had erosive reflux esophagitis that complicated the course of duodenal ulcer (in 42 patients, hypersecretion of hydrochloric acid was the leading mechanism of the disease development) and chronic gastroduodenitis (36 persons manifested failure of the inferior sphincter of the esophagus with or without excess acid output). In patients with peptic ulcer exacerbation, the four-week treatment with cimetidine or gastrozepine compared very favourably with almagel and vicalin as regards the treatment efficacy. In chronic gastroduodenitis, the combination of almagel, vicalin and cerucal produced a therapeutic effect that did not yield to the effect of cimetidine or gastrozepine. In 1/5-2/5 of cases, erosive esophagitis was not amenable by the four-week treatment. In 17 out of 18 such patients, the two-week therapy with sucralfat (venter) resulted in the disappearance of esophagitis with multiple erosions. During 1-2 years, erosive reflux esophagitis recurred in 11 out of 34 patients with peptic ulcer and in 2 out of 17 suffering from chronic gastroduodenitis. In all the cases, the disease recurred in those patients who had not received systematic treatment with antisecretory and cytoprotector agents.

[The effect of splenic inductothermy on the functions of the liver and its blood flow in patients with diabetic fatty hepatosis]. / Vliianie induktotermii selezenki na nekotorye funktsii pecheni i krovotok v nei u bol'nykh s diabeticheskim zhirovym gepatozom.

Thirty-nine patients with fatty hepatosis were treated by a five-day course of inductothermy (short-wave diathermy) on the splenic zone. 20-minute sessions were carried out daily. This resulted in a regular improvement of the antitoxic and absorptive functions of hepatocytes as well as the hepatic blood flow. The favourable effect of this course of inductothermy lasted not less that two weeks after termination of the treatment.

[Gastroesophageal reflux and bronchial asthma]. / Zheludochno-pishchevodnyi refliuks i bronkhial'naia astma.

Gastroesophageal reflux was established in 12 out of 38 patients with infectious allergic bronchial asthma out of exacerbation. According to intraesophageal pH-metry, it turned out appreciable in half of the cases. Prospective observations conducted for up to 8 years made it possible to recognize bronchial asthma in 9 out of 63 patients having initial reflux without any bronchopulmonary alterations. Diminution of the tone of the inferior sphincter of the esophagus proved by electromanometry should be regarded as the leading mechanism by which gastroesophageal reflux developed in bronchial asthma patients. In patients having gastroesophageal reflux without bronchopulmonary pathology, the tone of the upper sphincter of the esophagus was normal or elevated whereas in bronchial asthma patients with reflux, the tone of the superesophageal sphincter was naturally lowered, causing microaspiration into the bronchi of the gastric contents flown to the esophagus. It is desirable that metoclopramide (cerucal) which increases the initially reduced tone of the esophageal sphincters may be included into a complex of therapeutic measures elaborated for patients with associated bronchial asthma and gastroesophageal reflux.

[Effects of pentagastrin in patients with diabetes mellitus]. / Effekty pentagastrina u bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom.

Pentagastrin used in patients with diabetes mellitus at a dose necessary for a study of gastric secretion regularly enhances the blood flow in the gastric mucosa and liver raising absorptive and antitoxic liver function.

[The degree of gastroesophageal reflux during treatment of the exacerbation of duodenal peptic ulcer by various drugs]. / Stepen' zheludochno-pishchevodnogo refliuksa pri lechenii raznymi lekarstvennymi sredstvami obostrenii iazvennoi bolezni dvenadtsatiperstnoi kishki.

Values of intraesophageal pH, basal fundal pH and hydrochloric acid debit were studied in 73 patients with exacerbation of peptic ulcer on the first days of exacerbation and 2-4 weeks after the initiation of therapy with various drugs. Gastrozepin and cimetidine in parallel with gastric acidity inhibition reduced regularly and considerably a degree of gastroesophageal reflux in the patients. The action of combined vicalin and almagel therapy was manifested later on and was less marked.

[Indices of esophageal motility in diabetics]. / Pokazateli motoriki pishchevoda u bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom.

A clinical-esophagomanometric study of 38 patients with diabetes mellitus has shown that a lowered tone of the inferior esophageal sphincter, a decrease in the amplitise and rate of esophageal peristalsis and the appearance of abnormal contractions (2- and 3-peak, spontaneous) in the esophageal body are typical of patients with diabetes mellitus complicated by neuropathy. Disorders of the esophageal motility should be taken into account while interpreting mechanisms of development of esophagitis, inflammatory processes in the bronchopulmonary system and retrosternal pains in diabetes patients.