Association of chronotype and social jetlag with human non-verbal intelligence.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chronotype and social jetlag (SJL) on intelligence. Subjects were aged 14-25 years (n = 1008). A significant effect of intelligence on academic performance, as measured by the Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices test, was found (F2,917 = 11.75, P < 0.0001, η2 = 0.03). When SJL was less than 2 hours, the intelligence of people with late chronotype was found to be higher than that of subjects with early and intermediate chronotypes (F2,305 = 3.12, P < 0.05, η2 = 0.02). A negative effect of SJL on the results of intelligence testing was noted only in subjects with late chronotype (F2,536 = 2.61, P < 0.05, η2 = 0.02). Our data suggest that people with late chronotype have a higher level of intelligence, but these advantages disappear when SJL ≥2 hours.

[The role of parathyroid hormone in regulating the contractile activity of the portal vein in normo- and hypertensive rats of different ages]. / Rol' paratireoidnogo gormona v reguliatsii sokratitel'noi aktivnosti vorotnoi veny normo- i gipertenzivnykh krys razlichnogo vozrasta.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) induced a short increase followed by a long-lasting decrease in the functional activity of the portal vein in rats. A concentration-dependent response to increasing doses of the hormone was revealed. The mechanism of the PTH action on the vessel is discussed.

[Status of the venous system and pulmonary circulation at early stages of development of arterial hypertension (clinico-experimental comparisons)]. / Sostoianie venoznoi sistemy i malogo kruga krovoobrashcheniia na rannikh stadiiakh razvitiia arterial'noi gipertenzii (kliniko-éksperimental'nye sopostavleniia).

The study was undertaken to examine 116 patients with borderline arterial hypertension (BAH), 67 normotensives without a family history of hypertensive disease (HD), and 29 normotensive relatives with HD. The hemodynamics of systemic and pulmonary circulations were investigated. For comparison, the functional activity of the portal vein was studied in spontaneously hypertensive rats of different age. High systolic pressure in the pulmonary artery and predominant hyperkinetic central hemodynamics were observed in the normotensives with a family history of HD and patients with BAH. The findings are in good agreement with experimental evidence for a higher functional activity of the venous system in early essential hypertension.

[The functional activity of the venous system and the electrical field of the heart in rats developing hypertension]. / Funktsional'naia aktivnost' venoznoi sistemy i élektricheskoe pole serdtsa krys pri formirovanii gipertenzii.

The enhancement of functional activity of venous system in early stages of hypertension was shown to entail a hyperfunction of the heart right half. The role of hormone-like peptides of the right atrium in maintaining adaptive compensatory reactions of cardiovascular system is discussed.