[The investigation of alpha1-antitripsin, orozomukoid and ceruloplasmin in peripheral blood and oral fluid. Paradontitis is one of more risk factors of cardiovascular diseases].

This article presence the connection between paradontitis and cardiovascular diseases, and definition of the maintenance of acute phase proteins in an oral fluid at patients with acute myocardial infarction is obviously important for clinic. Results of own researches of change of the maintenance of three acute phase proteins: ceruloplasmin, alpha1-antitripsin and orosomucoid in an oral fluid and blood plasma at paradontitis and myocardial infarction allow to consider the paradontitis as one more risk factor of a cardiovascular pathology, except well-known hypertensions, smoking, a diabetes.

[Investigation of the role of Zn2+ and zinc-containing proteins in the pathogenesis of bone inflammmation (the case of periodontitis)].

The levels of Ag, Al, Bi, Co, Cr, Fe, Mo, Si in osseous tissue of periodontium of domestic cats decreased in case of periodontitis in comparision with those of a healthy animals. At the same time the level of Zn increased dramatically. The level of tagged [14C] glycine in protein of bones of periodontium increased twofold and [35S] methionine 1,54 times which is explained by the fact of predominance of I type collagen in which one third of amino acids is represented by glycine while sulfur-containing amino acids are virtually absent. The latter are contained in non-collagenous proteins of bones of periodontium contributing for its metabolism. The difference in tagged aminoacids inclusion in bones of periodontium is mainly provoked by redistribution of the collagen and non-collagenous proteins.

[A new view on pathochemical mechanisms of prolonged peritoneal dialysis].

New data on etiology, pathogenesis, clinics, quantity estimation, treatment and complications of peritoneal dialysis are observed. The role of aquaporine, nitric oxide, NO-synthase, inflammation and sepsis markers (procalcitonine, C-reactive protein) in pathochemical mechanism of peritoneal dialysis is discussed.

[Pathogenesis of ophthalmoherpes basing on the analysis of enzymes of the eye tissue and fluids].

To specify mechanisms of pathology development, we studied the activity of lysosomal glycosides in rabbit ocular tissues in experimental ophthalmoherpes. Rabbits with herpetic kepatitis show activation of beta-glucuronidase, beta-glycosidase, alpha-mannosidase in cornial epithelium and stroma, iris, aqueous humor of herpes-infected and contralateral eye. The activity of the above three glycosidases in the tears of children with herpetic keratitis was enhanced. If their activity does not regress after the treatment, ophthalmoherpes recurrence may be expected in the near future. For realization of its genetic program herpes simplex virus in infected cells activates synthesis of acid glycosidases this leading to degradation of cornial cell membranes, virus spread in the tissues and release of lysosomal enzymes into tear fluid.

[Effects of high quantities of sorbitol and saccharose in the diet on enzymes activity and liver mass of rats in different seasons of the year].

Four groups of 1-month-old rats were fed with standard diet (SD) for a month, 46% SD + 54% sorbitol, 54% saccharose or 27% sorbitol + 27% saccharose. Fed with 54% sorbitol and with 27% sorbitol + 27% saccharose differed from rats given 54% saccharose and 100% SD (they were thin, had hyperreaction to light, diarrhea). Liver mass in all the tests in autumn and winter (AuWi) is lower than in spring and summer (SpSu). It is lower in 54% sorbitol, higher in 27% sorbitol + 27% saccharose, the highest in 54% saccharose and 100% SD. Specific activity (SA) of lactate dehydrogenase (LDG) is higher, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDG) is lower in SpSu than in AuWi in 4 diets. In 54% sorbitol and 27% sorbitol + 27% saccharose SA of LDG, G-6-PDG and succinate dehydrogenase (SDG) is not higher than in 100 SD. SA of SDG and LDG in SpSu is higher than in AuWi, G-6-PDG is lower in SpSu. SA of these three enzymes is not higher in 54% sorbitol than in 100% SD in contrast to 4-fold rise of SA of sorbitol dehydrogenase. Biorhythms of enzyme SA reflect the results of interaction of adaptive molecular mechanisms of the body, including genetic ones, with changing environment.

[Use of tear enzyme assay to predict recurrent herpetic keratitis in children].

The purpose of the study was to develop a procedure for predicting a relapse of herpetic keratitis in children, by taking into account the results of tear biochemical analysis. The tears from 47 children with herpetic keratitis were examined for the levels of total protein, the concentration of acute-phase proteins, such as orosomucoid and C-reactive protein, the activities of transferases: gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase transferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase, those of lysosomal glycosidases: alpha-mannosidase, beta-glycosidase, and beta-glucuronidase. Tear biochemical assay made it possible to evaluate the efficiency of treatment and to develop a procedure for predicting a recurrence of herpetic keratitis in children. Determination of the tear activity of the glycosidases may be used to predict recurrent herpetic keratitis in children.

[To the mechanism of enhancing the activity of serum and hepatic sorbitol dehydrogenase in rats fed excess sweetener sorbitol].

One-month rats were randomized to a diet containing sorbitol (SOR) (54%), saccharose (SACCH) (54%) or that containing SOR (27%) and SACCH (27%). They were kept on the diets for 1 or 3 months. At the age of 2 and 4 months, the rats were returned to the routine diet of a vivarium. The experiments were terminated when the rats were aged 2, 4, and 7 months. In all seasons, the monthly diets containing 27% and 54% of SOR increased the serum activity of sortibol dehydrogenase (SDH) by several and tens of times. The 3-month diet produced the same effect. It suddenly turned out that the 54% SACCH diet also increased SDH activity, but to a lesser extent than a combination of 27 SOR and 27% SACCH, and by tens of times less than the 54% SOR diet. Comparison of three diets showed the same relationship between the increases in SDH activity in the liver. With excess dietary SOR, a very high increase was first found in serum and hepatic SOD activity by an induction mechanism.

[Influence of mandibular fracture upon intensity and prevailing direction of carbonate and citrate transport between blood and bones].

Using new coefficient of the difference relative radioactivity (CD(RRA)) bone/blood there was studied [(14)C]-carbonate and [3-(14)C]-citrate in 1-month and 6-months rats after right-side fracture of the mandible in prevailing direction between blood and bone. Animals were taken out from the experiment 20 min after intraperitoneal injection of [(14)C]-carbonate and [3-(14)C]-citrate on 7th day after (stage of cell-fibrous callosity), on 14th day after (stage of chondroid callosity) and on 28th day after (stage of the primary bone callosity) the experiment start. Changes after injections of marked citrate and carbonate were similar. Input % (ratio pulse/min in bone and blood serum) and RRA in 1 week increased sharply, decreased in 2 weeks and less changing in 4 weeks. After fracture CD(RRA) in traumatized mandible and non traumatized femur in rats were changing in the opposite directions that testifies to the different prevailing directions of marked substances transport between blood and bones.

[Effect of cariesogenic diet and age on selenium distribution between blood and mineralized tissues in rats]. / Vliianie kariesogennoi diety i vozrasta na raspredelenie selena mezhdu krov'iu i mineralizovannymi tkaniami krysy.

The distribution of Se in the blood and teeth (in the jaw and femoral bones) was evaluated using a new coefficient of relative radioactivity (RRA), representing the ratio of (75)Se in the teeth (bones) and blood. Changes in all RRA were studied during 1-192 hours after intraperitoneal injection of [(75)Se]selenate in one-month-old rats receiving common fodder; a biphasic pattern of changes was observed, with peaks 6 and 48 h and lowering 24 and 192 h postinjection. The first peak was mainly due to Se adsorption on hydroxyapatite, the second to chemo-adsorption on it and Se binding to protein. In 3-month-old rats receiving common fodder the peak of all RRA was delayed to 12-48 h postinjection, the values decreasing by 192 h. The peak of specific activity (SA) of (75)Se protein in the bones was recorded 24 h and its decrease 192 h postinjection. In one-month-old rats receiving sucrose-casein diet during 2 months all RRA and SA after 6 and 12 h and part of RRA after 24 h were higher than in the control, that is, Se absorption by bones and teeth from the blood decreased.

[Study of age-specific changes in labeled citrate metabolism in health and disease]. / Issledovanie vozrastnykh izmenenii metabolizma mechenogo tsitrata v norme i pri patologii.

A new coefficient - mineralized tissues/biological fluids (MT/BF) - is suggested for evaluating the distribution of compounds adsorbed by MT and dissolved in BF. The relative radioactivity (RRA) was estimated for the periods of 10 min to 96 h after intraperitoneal injection of [3-(14)C]citrate to rats aged 1 and 3 months and over 1 year by dividing the percent of incorporation in MT by the percent of incorporation in BF. Changes in RRA for molar root/blood serum (R/BS) and RRA for dentin/blood serum (D/BS) are similar: low values at the beginning of experiment, an increase 1 h postinjection, a decrease 2-3 h postinjection, and another increase (65-80 times) by 96 h postinjection. A biphasic reaction with a rapid elevation and decrease after 1-2 h and a second elevation before the end of the experiment due to citrate adsorption on hydroxyapatite and influence of D and R proteins on stable hemosorption of citrate by MT was observed. The time course of RRA enamel/oral fluid was different: a decrease 1 h postinjection and an increase 2-3 h postinjection. Two weeks after crossing the inferior alveolar nerve, the R/BS RRA decreased to a lesser degree in 1-month-old rats in comparison with 3-month-old animals, which can be explained by higher efficiency of the adaptive-compensatory mechanisms in growing rats.

[A new bone/blood index in the study of labelled citrate metabolism in rat bones in fracture, deafferentation, rickets, and caries]. / Novyi koéffitsient kost'/krov' v izuchenii metabolizma mechenogo tsitrata v kostiakh krys pri perelome, deafferentatsii, rakhite i kariese.

A new bone/blood index has been developed which is calculated by dividing % of radionuclide inclusion in the bones by % of the inclusion in the serum. Graphic image of the index changes with time is significantly more demonstrative than digital tables and allows one not only easily measure distribution of the labelled compound between fractions diluted in the blood and sorbed on the bone but also specify a major direction of their transport between blood and bone. The index confirms the presence of biphasic primary fast but weak physical adsorption and secondary slow and strong chemisorption. This was established by the study of time course of the labelled citrate in intact rats of different age as well as in fracture and bone innervation defect, in rickets and dental caries. The proposed index can be applied in investigation of various diseases.

[Changes in the level of short-chain volatile fatty acids and their aldehydes in oral air and fluid during inflammation of oral tissues]. / Izmenenie soderzhaniia korotkotsepochechnykh letuchikh zhirnykh kislot i ikh al'degidov v zhidkosti i vozdukhe rta pri vospalenii tkanei rotovoi polosti.

It is shown that volatile short-chain fatty acids (propionate, butyrate and acetate) of bacterial and tissue origin are important factors of pathogenesis of oral tissue inflammation. A comparative biochemical study using chromato-mass-spectrometry, gas adsorptive and gas-liquid chromatography of oral media in healthy subjects has discovered that in gingivitis and parodontitis these media contain higher concentrations of short-chain fatty acids and lower ones of relevant aldehydes in intensification of the inflammatory process. The ratios of acetate/acetaldehyde, propionate/acrolein, butyrate/butyraldehyde increase considerably with intensification of parodontic inflammation making these values suitable for assessment of inflammation severity.

[Pathogenetic validation of xidiphone use in combined therapy for periodontal diseases]. / Patogeneticheskoe obosnovanie primeneniia ksidifona v kompleksnoi terapii boleznei parodonta.

It is well grounded for the application of a preparation from group bisphosphonates xydiphone is justified (reasonable). For treatment and preventive maintenance of a tooth stone for want of periodontal inflammation. Is shown on 30 patients with acute parodontitis and at 10--with gingivitis (in a stage of a peaking), that the application of xydiphone will neutralize an alkaline response having a place up to treatment, due to what it(he) exhibits antiseptic of a property. Xydiphone, linking ionized Ca and free Fe, simultaneously hinders with activation of free--radical oxidation, reduces blood-flux and blocks process of crystallization.