[IMMUNOLOGIC MONITORING OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI PERSISTENCE IN THE ORGANISM].

Generalized results of 15-year prospective studies of frequency of occurrence and dynamics of circulation of pathogenetically significant LPS/O-antigens, high molecular weight proteins, including CagA, and VacA of Helicobacter pylori in biological media of organism in patients with gastrointestinal diseases and asymptomatic volunteers due to effects of external and internal factors are presented. Features of antigen circulation and reciprocal immune reaction of the organism are established, that reflect their interaction in the parasite-host tandem, risk and prognosis of possible complications in the process of long-term persistence of Helicobacter pylori in the organism.

[Production of recombinant fragment of VacA protein and development of non-invasive method for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection].

Vacuolizing toxin (VacA) Helicobacter pylori is an important factor of pathogenicity of Helicobacter pylori and a basic marker in the diagnosis of helicobacteriosis and related diseases. A coagulation-based diagnostic test-system was elaborated for the detection of VacA in clinical samples. A fragment of vacA was cloned, for the purpose, in Escherichia coli and expressed in preparative quantities; the coded protein was purified and used in raising the diagnostic serum. The thus designed coagulating test-system was successfully tested under the modeling conditions with clinical samples. Therefore, the designed express method can be used for the invasion-free determination of VacA in patients with gastric and duodenal pathologies.

[Occurrence of Helicobacter pylori specific antigens in diseases of gastrointestinal tract]. / Chastota vstrechaemosti spetsificheskikh antigenov Helicobacter pylori pri zabolevaniiakh zheludochnokishechnogo trakta.

The results of the immunophoretic analysis of H. pylori antigenic structure are presented. Along with H. pylori O-antigen, specific surface antigen of acidic nature, relatively thermolabile with characteristics similar to those of K-antigens, was detected. A diagnosticum based on the coagglutination test for the rapid detection of H. pylori specific antigens in the patients' biological fluids (coprofiltrate, saliva) by the noninvasive method was developed. The circulation mode of H. pylori in human body and its correlation with the clinical symptoms of the disease was shown. H. pylori antigens were very frequently detected (in 65 - 83% of cases) in patients with acute bacterial enteric infections: shigellosis, salmonellosis, yersiniosis, campylobacteriosis. The newly developed method seems to be promising for the rapid diagnosis of H. pylori associated infections, for the prolonged monitoring and evaluation of the effectiveness of antibacterial therapy.

[Cytochemical indices of blood lymphocytes in the assessment and prognosis of functional preparedness in a sportsman]. / Tsitokhimicheskie pokazateli limfotsitov krovi v otsenke i prognoze funktsional'noi gotovnosti sportsmena.

Cytochemical criteria of assessment and prognosis of training were worked out. Correlations between lymphocyte dehydrogenase activity parameters and morphological content of blood, adipose and muscular mass and results were demonstrated. The study of lymphocyte dehydrogenase activity was significant for assessment of training efficiency. Enzyme profile of blood lymphocytes is an essential and prognostic sign of the state of compensatory adaptive reactions of the organism. Cytochemical methods of blood lymphocyte investigation provided stable and correct results that allowed to determine the onset of decompensatory process associated with nonrational training of any pathological condition and to reveal functional disorders at the level of the organism. Changes in lymphocyte enzymatic status in highly qualified sportsmen were a specific sign of adaptive reorganization of structures influenced by physical load. The use of parameters of blood lymphocyte dehydrogenase activity gives a possibility to fit an algorhythm providing stable prognosis of the state of the organism of sportsman throughout training during the year.

[The detection of the Shiga toxin antigen in connection with other virulence factors--the O and K antigens of enterobacteria]. / Vyiavlenie antigena shigatoksina v sviazi s drugimi faktorami virulentnosi--O- i K-antigenami énterobakterii.

The results of the detection of Shiga toxin antigen in culture filtrates of 73 enterobacterial strains by the methods of countercurrent electrophoresis and coagglutination, as well as their correlation with the presence of other factors of virulence, O- and K-antigens, have been analyzed. Sharply pronounced inverse correlation between the capacity of enterobacteria to synthesize Shiga (Shiga-like) toxins and their capacity to synthesize acidic polysaccharide surface-specific K- (Vi-) antigens has been established.

[A chemical typhoid vaccine containing a surface-antigen complex including the K-antigen]. / Khimicheskaia briushnotifoznaia vaktsina, soderzhashchaia kompleks poverkhnostnykh antigenov, vkliuchaiushchii K-antigen.

A new chemical typhoid vaccine containing the complex of surface Vi- and K-antigens has been obtained and experimentally studied. The vaccine has been found to possess high immunogenic and antigenic potency. Typhoid complex vaccine containing K-antigen stimulates the development of anti-infection and postvaccinal complex.

[Immunoelectrophoretic analysis of the antigenic composition of Yersinia]. / Immunoélektroforeticheskii analiz antigennogo sostava iersinii.

The antigenic composition of 24. Y. pseudotuberculosis newly isolated and reference strains, 7 Y. enterocolitica strains, as well as Y. pestis vaccine strain EV, has been studied by the method of immunoelectrophoresis in agar. The antigenic composition of these bacteria has been found to be complicated and to comprise not less than 8-11 antigens, and among them nonspecific protein antigens common for enterobacteria, the common generic antigen, the antigen common with Y. pestis, as well as O-antigens specific for each serovar are identified. Immunoelectrophoretic study has shown the possibility of Y. pseudotuberculosis O-antigen, serovar I, with Salmonella sera, serogroup A, and Y. enterocolitica 09 with brucellar and cholera sera.

[The effect of gram-negative bacteria lipopolysaccharides on the development of Rauscher leukosis in BALB/c mice]. / Vliianie lipopolisakharidov gramotritsatel'nykh bakterii na razvitie leikoza Raushera u myshei linii BALB/C.

The dose-dependent action of Shigella sonnei lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the development of acute erythroleukocytosis, as well as Rauscher chronic myeloid and lymphoid leukosis, in BALB/c mice sensitive to Rauscher virus was shown. Bordetella pertussis LPS in the doses used in this investigation stimulated the development of both acute erythroleukosis and chronic myeloid and lymphoid leukosis in BALB/c mice infected with Rauscher virus. Lipid A isolated from B. pertussis LPS was found to produce a stimulating effect on the development of Rauscher leukosis in mice. After the treatment of B. pertussis LPS with polymyxin B blocking lipid A no stimulating effect of B. pertussis LPS on the development of Rauscher leukosis was observed. A suggestion is made that lipid A is the active principle contributing to the stimulation of the development of Rauscher leukosis in BALB/c mice.

[Roentgenological and pathomorphological changes in the canine heart during 6-months hypokinesia]. / Rentgenologicheskie i patomorfologicheskie izmeneniia v serdtse sobak pri shestimesiachnoi gipokinezii.

The effect of 6-month hypokinesia on the cardiac function and pathomorphological changes in 8 dogs was investigated. The heart size during systolic and diastolic contractions, stroke volume and contractile function were measured once a month, using an X-ray unit and a kymograph. After the hypokinetic exposure 6 dogs were sacrificed and their hearts were examined morphologically and histochemically. The recovery processes were investigated on 2 other dogs that were allowed to survive for 30 days after exposure. The 6-month hypokinesia led to a significant decrease in the heart size, stroke volume, cardiac index, and the contractile function. Post-mortem morphological examinations revealed atrophic changes in the myocardium. Electron-microscopy investigations demonstrated focal destructive changes in myofibers and in mitochondria: some of them were denser while others had a more transparent matrix and degraded crystae. Histochemical data (increased acid and alkaline phosphatase) also suggested atrophic and destructive changes in the myocardium. The above changes did not return to normal within 30 days of the recovery period.

[Immunoelectrophoresis analysis of the antigenic composition of E. coli K12 hybrids which acquired the serological specificity of S. newcastle and S. flexneri]. / Immunoélektroforeticheskii analiz antigennogo sostava gibridov E. coli K12, priobretshikh serologicheskuiu spetsifichnost' S. newcastle i s. flexneri.

Genetic and immunoelectrophoretic studies confirm earlier data on the presence of 2 specific antigens of acidic nature in S. newcastle; one of them is a specific thermolabile K-antigen responsible for type IV specificity of these bacteria. The data concerning the differences in the genetic determinants controlling the synthesis of O- and K-antigens in S. newcastle have been obtained. S. newcastle O- and K-antigens did not react with S. flexneri in the group serum system 3, 4, which indicates that S. newcastle are serologically isolated and form a separate taxonomic group of dysentery bacteria. The existence of cross reactions between S. flexneri and S. newcastle due to the presence of neutral R-core antigens common to these 2 species has been shown . Immunoelectrophoresis in agar is the most promising and informative method in genetic and chemical studies of the antigenic structure of bacteria.

[Prolonged hypokinesia and its influence on the tissues and vessels of the extremities in experiments]. / Dlitel'naia gipokineziia i ee vliianie na tkani i sosudy konechnostei v éksperimente

The work describes the results of complex investigation of the state of the supporting-motor apparatus of extremities of dogs subjected to six-month-long restriction of motor activity and the following reparation during a month. Intravital rentgenological, anatomical, histochemical and electron microscopic methods were used. It was shown that continuous hypokinesia resulted in substantial alterations of the vascular bed in the macro-micro-ultrastructural level, disturbance of metabolism, focal reconstruction of tissues of the extremities by the type of natural death of ultrastructural elements without a following reparation. A one-month term appeared to be insufficient for reparation of structural disorders. Special attention was given to reactions of the vascular system. Signs of blood transport via extracapillary pathways from the arterial bed into the venous bed were noted.

[Obtaining purified preparations of individual Shigella newcastle K- and O-antigens by using an ultracentrifugation method]. / Poluchenie ochishchennykh preparatov individual'nykh K- i O-antigneov shigell N'iukasl s ispol'zovaniem metoda ul'tratsentrifugirovaniia

A modified method of obtaining the purified K- and O-antigens of Sh. newcastle with the use of ultracentrifugation is described. Serologically individual K- and O-antigens were obtained and their chemical composition was studied. Polysaccharide of the K-antigen consisted of the galacturonic acid, galactose, glucose, rhamnose xylose and hexosamine; it contained no heptoses. The O-antigen contained galactose, glucose, mannose, rhamnose, heptose and hexosamine; in difference to K-antigen was equal to 150000--160000. Thus, the K- and the O-antigen differed not only in the electrophoretic and diffuse mobility and immunological specificity, but also in the chemical composition.

[Effect on humans and animals of multiple exposures to rarefied atmospheres]. / O vliianii na organizm cheloveka i zhivotnykh mnogokratnogo prebyvaniia v razrezhennoi atmosfere

In order to study the chronic form of decompression disease, clinical and physiological examinations of 38 test subjects were carried out. They participated in 133 chamber experiments and were exposed to an altitude of 11,000--12,000 m for 2--3 to 20--24 hours after desaturation of different duration. Besides, histological and histochemical examinations of organs and tissues of 3 dogs were performed. During 70, 110 and 140 days the dogs were exposed 20, 33 and 35 times to an altitude of 12,000 m for 2--2.5 hours without preliminary desaturation. No persistent pathological changes were found in the animal or human body.