[Primary enucleation in an avulsion injury : A high-risk procedure under phenprocoumon]. / Primäre Enukleation bei direkter Avulsio bulbi : Ein Risikoeingriff unter Markumartherapie.

The case of a 77-year-old woman with trauma after a fall is reported. On clinical examination, an avulsion injury was found in the left eye with dual optic nerve dissection. An INR of 3.3 was determined in a perioperative blood sample. The given conditions forced the rare but urgent indication for primary enucleation with hemostasis. Oral anticoagulation presented perioperative high risk, especially due to the potential risk of bleeding from the ophthalmic artery.

[Maculopathy with optic nerve pits : Morphological criteria in SD-OCT]. / Makulopathie bei Grubenpapille : Morphologische Kriterien im SD-OCT.

PURPOSE: Optic pit is a congenital anomaly with malformation similar to coloboma of the optic disc. The cause of optic pit maculopathy is controversial. We used high resolution OCT to investigate changes in the vitreoretinal and vitreopapillary transition within optic pit eyes. METHODS: The vitreoretinal and vitreo-papillary transition of 12 eyes was accurately analyzed using SD-OCT. We registered the following criteria: liquefaction of prepapillary vitreous, papillary vitreous traction, discontinuity within the hyaloid cortex and communication spaces between pit and retinal edema. RESULTS: Communication gaps between pit and retinal edema were identified in 8 eyes. 4 eyes had a papillary vitreous traction. 4 showed a discontinuity in the hyaloid cortex. 2 of the 12 patients showed no maculopathy in SD-OCT. Those patients had an adjacent papillary vitreous without prepapillary liquefaction. However all eyes showed vitreous liquefaction at some stage premacullary or prepapillary. CONCLUSION: Yet the cause of optic pit maculopathy is not clearly understood. High resolution OCT imaging provides a very detailed assessment of the vitreoretinal transition prepapillary and premacullary, however with limited penetration depth and analyzation of deeper lying structures. Our observations suggest that prepapillary liquefaction and pressure gradients within cerebrospinal and intraokular pressure could be key factors.