RESUMO
The Emergency Department (ED) has the highest workload in a hospital, offering care to patients in their most acute state of illness, as well as comforting their families and tending to stressful situations of the physical and psychological areal. Method. A cross-sectional survey of 366 Emergency Unit staff members including medical doctors, medical residents, medical nurses and ward aids, was undergone. Study participants came from four periphery hospitals in the Moselle Department of Eastern France with similar workforce and daily patient loads statistics. The instruments used were the Perceived Stress Scale PSS-10 and the Brief COPE questionnaire. Conclusions. Perceived work overload and overall stress is strongly related to work hours and tend to have a stronger influence on doctors than on the nursing staff. Substance use is a common coping method for medical interns, consistent with prior research. The regular assessment of the ED staff perception of stress and stress related factors is essential to support organizational decisions in order to promote a better work environment and better patient care.
Assuntos
Adaptação Psicológica , Medicina de Emergência , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , França/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Estado Civil , Fatores de Risco , Estresse Psicológico/epidemiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Recursos HumanosRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To compare methods of tobacco use profiling in patients undergoing maintenance treatment for periodontitis. METHODS: The smoking status of 108 subjects attending a university-based specialist periodontics clinic was assessed by examination of referring records, patient-completed questionnaires, clinician-administered interviews and by salivary cotinine and expired-air carbon monoxide (ECO) measurement. RESULTS: Ten percent of the detected smokers (salivary cotinine>14.2ngml(-1)) reported to be non-smokers in the clinician-administered interview. 4.2% of the smokers detected by ECO analysis (ECO>8ppm) reported to be non-smokers in the clinician-administered interview. Systematic under reporting of tobacco use was also apparent in patient-completed questionnaires from the periodontics clinic and, to a larger degree, in the referring clinic records when compared to the clinician-administered interview. CONCLUSIONS: By biochemically analyzing recent cigarette smoke exposure, our data show that clinician assessment is the most accurate means by which to obtain anamnestic data concerning tobacco use. ECO analysis using portable CO monitors is inexpensive and simple with no requirement for laboratory support. The combination of ECO measurement and clinician-administered tobacco use interview represents a clinically applicable method to improve the detection of an important, periodontally susceptible population-regular smokers who deny smoking.
Assuntos
Atitude Frente a Saúde , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Periodontite/prevenção & controle , Fumar/psicologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Monóxido de Carbono/análise , Cotinina/análise , Negação em Psicologia , Registros Odontológicos , Expiração , Feminino , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Saliva/química , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
A method allowing the covalent binding of fatty acids to a carrier was developed. The absence of absorbed fatty acids was controlled by HPTLC. Rabbits were immunized with these immunogens. The antibodies obtained were studied by ELISA and were shown to be directed against the fatty acyl chain, whatever its length.
Assuntos
Formação de Anticorpos , Ácidos Graxos/imunologia , Animais , Especificidade de Anticorpos , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Portadores de Fármacos , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Ácidos Graxos/química , Ligantes , Coelhos , Soroalbumina Bovina/químicaAssuntos
Reação de Fuga , Comportamento Social , Adulto , Animais , Criança , Mecanismos de Defesa , Feminino , Hierarquia Social , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tentativa de SuicídioRESUMO
Drinking water samples (836) of various origins have been examined for amoebae. For collector water, half of the samples are contamined without influence of the origin. So, occurrence of amoeba in underground waters is discussed. Filtration and disinfection are generally inefficient. Bottles of drinking water are very often polluted during bottling. International mineral waters of french origin are not so damaged during conditioning operation. Bacteria and amoebae populations are quite independant and can't be indicators one for another. Thermophilic amoebae strains are very rare and any pathogenic amoeba has been found during the study.
Assuntos
Amoeba/isolamento & purificação , Microbiologia da Água , Amoeba/patogenicidade , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , França , Humanos , Águas Minerais , Risco , Abastecimento de ÁguaRESUMO
An inquiry was held to determine the occurrence and quantitative importance of "Limax" amoebae in 8 swimming-pools of the North of France. The influence of water flow system, filters and water disinfectants was studied. The connections with the bacterial flora growing at 37 degrees C and the presence of strains able to grow at 41 degrees were analyzed. The significance of their presence in the swimming-pools is discussed from the obtained results.
