Suplementação da dieta de codornas com minerais nas formas orgânicas sobre o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos / Supplementation in quail diet with organic minerals on performance and egg quality

Foram realizados três experimentos com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da suplementação de minerais na forma orgânica na dieta de codornas japonesas na fase de postura sobre o desempenho e a qualidade de ovos das aves. Os níveis de minerais utilizados por kg de ração, para cada experimento, foram: controle, 0,35, 0,70 e 1,05mg de Se orgânico (experimento 1); controle, 50, 100 e 150mg de Zn orgânico (experimento 2) e controle, 60, 120 e 180mg de Mn orgânico (experimento 3). As aves foram distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, sendo oito aves por parcela e seis repetições por tratamento. Foram avaliadas as características de desempenho - consumo diário de ração, peso dos ovos, porcentagem de postura, conversão alimentar por massa de ovos e por dúzia de ovos e viabilidade - e qualidade dos ovos - unidade Haugh, índice gema, porcentagens de casca, albúmen e gema, espessura de casca e gravidade específica. O Zn orgânico suplementado à dieta melhorou o desempenho das aves e a qualidade dos ovos, o Mn orgânico melhorou a qualidade da casca e reduziu o peso dos ovos e o Se não apresentou efeitos sobre as características avaliadas.

Three experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of minerals in organic form in diet supplementation in Japanese quails performance. The levels of minerals used per kg of diet for each experiment were: Experiment 1: control, 0.35; 0.70 and 1.05mg organic; Experiment 2: control, 50; 100 and 150mg organic Zn; and Experiment 3: control, 60; 120 and 180mg organic Mn. The birds were randomly allotted in treatments with eight birds per experimental unit and six replicates per treatment. Performance traits of the quails estimated by daily feed intake, egg weight, egg production, feed conversion by egg mass and per dozen eggs and viability, and egg quality measured by Haugh unit, yolk index, shell, albumen and yolk percentage, shell thickness and specific gravity were evaluated. The organic Zn diet supplementation improved bird performance and egg quality, the organic Mn diet improved eggshell quality and reduced egg weight, and the Se diet did not affect the evaluated characteristics.

Biological activities of cystic fibrosis serum. IV. Stimulation of the calcium mediated K+ efflux from rat submandibular gland fragments.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) and heterozygote sera stimulate a significant K+ efflux from rat submandibular gland fragments in the presence of 1 mM ouabain. This sensitive parameter can be maximally stimulated by as little as 0.5% CF serum and is inhibited by the calcium channel blocker D600 and EGTA. Specific receptor blockers propranolol, phenoxybenzamine or atropine do not inhibit the CF serum-stimulated K+ efflux and agonists do not supramaximally stimulate K+ efflux when added with serum. CF serum-induced K+ efflux did not result in the leakage of lactic dehydrogenase into the bathing media nor did it mimic the action of the calcium ionophore A23187 when added in the presence of D600. In addition, ultrafiltrates of CF serum (less than 10,000 daltons) also stimulated K+ efflux from rat submandibular gland tissue fragments.

Agonist-induced secretions and potassium release from rat submandibular gland slices.

Secretory activity induced by stimulation of alpha-adrenergic, beta-adrenergic, and muscarinic cholingeric receptors and by dibutyryl cAMP and 8-bromo cGMP has been investigated in rat submandibular tissue slices. Isoproterenol produced a sialic acid secretion from the acinar cells that was inhibited by propranolol, but not by phenoxybenzamine or atropine. Dibutyryl cAMP produced a sialic acid secretion from the acinar cells that was not inhibited by propranolol, phenoxybenzamine, or atropine. Both norepinephrine and acetylcholine produced significant secretion of sialic acid but at a reduced efficacy. Norepinephrine stimulated both peptide hydrolase secretion from the granular duct cells and a release of K+ from the acinar cells. Both actions were inhibited by phenoxybenzamine, but not by propranolol or atropine. Acetylcholine stimulated a minimal secretion of peptide hydrolase from the granular duct cells and a significant release of K+ from the acinar cells. The norepinephrine- and acetylcholine-stimulated release of K+ was increased after the addition of 1 mM ouabain. High concentrations of 8-bromo cGMP induced a K+ efflux that was not inhibited by phenoxybenzamine or atropine. Vacuolation of the acinar cells was correlated with K+ release.