Confinement Effect and 3D Design Endow Unsaturated Single Ni Atoms with Ultrahigh Stability and Selectivity toward CO2 Electroreduction.

Developing single-atomic catalysts with superior selectivity and outstanding stability for CO2 electroreduction is desperately required but still challenging. Herein, confinement strategy and three-dimensional (3D) nanoporous structure design strategy are combined to construct unsaturated single Ni sites (Ni-N3) stabilized by pyridinic N-rich interconnected carbon nanosheets. The confinement agent chitosan and its strong interaction with g-C3N4 nanosheet are effective for dispersing Ni and restraining their agglomeration during pyrolysis, resulting in ultrastable Ni single-atom catalyst. Due to the confinement effect and structure advantage, such designed catalyst exhibits a nearly 100% selectivity and remarkable stability for CO2 electroreduction to CO, exceeding most reported state-of-the-art catalysts. Specifically, the CO Faradaic efficiency (FECO) maintains above 90% over a broad potential range (-0.55 to -0.95 V vs. RHE) and reaches a maximum value of 99.6% at a relatively low potential of -0.67 V. More importantly, the FECO is kept above 95% within a long-term 100 h electrolyzing. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations explain the high selectivity for CO generation is due to the high energy barrier required for hydrogen evolution on the unsaturated Ni-N3. This work provides a new designing strategy for the construction of ultrastable and highly selective single-atom catalysts for efficient CO2 conversion.

Recent Developments of Graphene Oxide-Based Membranes: A Review.

Membrane-based separation technology has attracted great interest in many separation fields due to its advantages of easy-operation, energy-efficiency, easy scale-up, and environmental friendliness. The development of novel membrane materials and membrane structures is an urgent demand to promote membrane-based separation technology. Graphene oxide (GO), as an emerging star nano-building material, has showed great potential in the membrane-based separation field. In this review paper, the latest research progress in GO-based membranes focused on adjusting membrane structure and enhancing their mechanical strength as well as structural stability in aqueous environment is highlighted and discussed in detail. First, we briefly reviewed the preparation and characterization of GO. Then, the preparation method, characterization, and type of GO-based membrane are summarized. Finally, the advancements of GO-based membrane in adjusting membrane structure and enhancing their mechanical strength, as well as structural stability in aqueous environment, are particularly discussed. This review hopefully provides a new avenue for the innovative developments of GO-based membrane in various membrane applications.

The effect and underlying mechanism of miRNA-506 regulating TGF-β1-induced endothelial-mesenchymal transition of human aortic endothelial cell lysates / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the effect and the underlying mechanism of miRNA (miR)-506 regulating transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced endothelial-mesenchymal transition of human aortic endothelial cell lysates.Methods In this study,miR-506 and inhibitory members of the ASPP family (iASPP) were selected as the study objects.First,the expression of miR-506 in human aortic endothelial cell lysates (HAEC) lysate was detected under different concentrations of TGF-β1.The expression of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31),endothelium-cadherin (VE-cadherin),fibroblastspecific protein-1 (FSP1),α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and N-cadherin was determined after miR-506 mimics/mimic negative control (NC) transfection into HAEC treated with or without TGF-β1.Then the expression levels of iASPP in miRNA-506 mimics/mimic NC-transfected HAECs treated with or without TGF-β1 were determined.Finally,the protein expression of CD31,VE-cadherin,FSP1 and α-SMA in HAEC transfected with miR-506 mimics/mimic NC was determined after iASPP overexpression.Results TGF-β1 can induce human aortic endothelial cell mesenchymal transition,down-regulate CD31 and VE-cadherin expression while up-regulate FSP1,α-SMA and N-cadherin expression;TGF-β1 inhibited miR-506 expression,promoted iASPP expression;miR-506 transfection into HAECs up-regulated CD31 and VE-cadherin expression while up-regulate FSP1,α-SMA and N-cadherin expression;miR-506 could downregulate the expression of iASPP;the overexpression of iASPP increased the expression of FSP1,α-SMA and N-cadherin,down-regulated CD31 and VE-cadherin and promoted the transformation of human aortic endothelial cells.Conclusions The transfection of iASPP plasmid promoted the endothelial-mesenchymal transition of human aortic endothelial cell lysates.The transfection of miR-506 inhibited the expression of iASPP and inhibited the endothelial-mesenchymal transition of human aortic endothelial cell lysates induced by TGF-β1.

Implementation and establishment of rapid response system for non-hospitalized patients / 中华护理杂志

We established the rapid response system for non-hospitalized patients from 2012 in order to improve the effectiveness of emergent critical care for non-hospitalized patients when emergency happened.From January 2013 to December 2016,there were 122 cases with RRS activation for non-hospitalized patients.The time to arrive was 3.16±0.41 min,and 107 cases(86.89％)were sent to the emergency department.Fifteen patients(14.02％)were classified as level 1,26(24.03％)as level Ⅱ,48(16.82％)as level Ⅲ,and 18(16.82％) as level ⅣV,and 83％ were critical patients.Rapid response system is important to cope with emergency in non-hospitalized patients.

Clinical analysis of prediction for recurrence of gynecological tumors through serum HE4, CA72-4 and VEGF levels / 中国医学装备

Objective:To explore the predictive value of human serum epididymis protein 4 (HE4), carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for the recurrent risk of gynecological tumor. Methods: A total of 142 patients with gynecologic malignant tumors were divided into the observation group, and all of them were followed up, and their recurrence rate within 2 years after operation was calculated. At the same time, 50 healthy women were divided into control group. The peripheral venous blood of all subjects were collected to test serum HE4 and VEGF levels by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The serum CA72-4 was detected by using Roche electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Three indicators of two groups were compared. Results: Before treatment, the serum HE4, CA72-4 and VEGF levels of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (t=58.971,t=26.795,t=42.021;P<0.01). And the positive rate of HE4, CA72-4 and VEGF of the gynecological tumor group were significantly higher than those of the control group (x2=50.061, x2=37.596,x2=43.765,P<0.01). Within post-operative 2 years, there were 84 cases were recurrence in observation group. And the HE4, CA72-4 and VEGF of recurrent patients were significantly higher than that of non-recurrent patients (t=53.075,t=22.211,t=55.948,P<0.01).The sensitivity and negative predictive value of the combined detection of 3 indicators were significantly larger than that of single detection of CA72-4 (x2=8.537,x2=5.345, P<0.05).Conclusion: Patients with gynecological malignant tumor have high expression of serum HE4, CA72-4 and VEGF and the combined detection of 3 indexes possessed more sensitive, and it has greater predictive value for the recurrent risk of gynecologic malignant tumor.

Characteristics of Acupoints Selection in Acupuncture-moxibustion Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea Based on Data Mining / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To summarize the characteristics of acupoints selection in acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of primary dysmenorrhea (PD) based on data mining. Method Clinical literatures published in the recent 10 years related to acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of PD were collected to establish a prescription database by using Excel. The descriptive analysis, association rules analysis and clustering analysis were conducted by Python and Clementine12.0. Result A total of 74 acupoints were involved with a total frequency of 1072. The leading three meridians were Spleen Meridian (325 times), Conception Vessel (260 times) and Bladder Meridian (158 times); the leading acupoints were Sanyinjiao (SP6, 174 times), Guanyuan (CV4, 111 times), Diji (SP8, 79 times), Ciliao (BL32, 73 times) and Qihai (CV6, 67 times). The utilization of the specific acupoints accounted for 66.22% (49/74). The crossing acupoints were predominant (393 times), especially Sanyinjiao, Guanyuan and Zhongji (CV3), followed by the five-Shu points (195 times), Front-Mu points (195 times) and Yuan-Primary points (99 times). The association rules analysis showed that Guanyuan and Sanyinjiao had the most significant correlation. The clustering analysis figured out 8 core clustering groups. Conclusion The characteristics of acupoints selection revealed in this study provide ideas and references for acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of PD in clinic.

Bilirubin-induced calcium overload in synaptosomes isolated from brainstem neurons of rats / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective· To observe real-time changes of calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) exposure to bilirubin in synaptosomes isolated from brainstem nucleus of rats. Methods · Forty P7-14 SD rats were randomly assigned to three groups: control group, bilirubin group (with levels of 0.1, 1 and 10 μmol/L) and bulirubin plus glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA) group. The synaptosomes were purified from brainstem nucleus by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. After loading OG-BAPTA in synaptosomes, two dimensional image of intracellular calcium and analysis of fluorescence intensity were achieved by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. Results · Synaptosomes with well biological activity were obtained from brainstem of the SD rats. In the control group, a progressive increase in fluorescent intensity of [Ca2+]I was detected. In the bilirubin group, acuter increases in fluorescent intensity were observed in all levels of bilirubin, with a manner of both concentration and time-dependent (P<0.05). Fluorescent intensity of [Ca2+]I was reduced in the present of GUDCA, which was not significant compared with the control group (P=0.656). However, GUDCA could abate the increase of fluorescent intensity of [Ca2+]I induced by bilirubin exposure, of which showing significant decrease in 10 μmol/L bilirubin exposure (P=0.000). Conclusion · Bilirubin could induce calcium overload in synaptosomes. GUDCA could abate bilirubin-induced calcium overload in synaptosomes, possibly explaining its protection effect of neurons from bilirubin neurotoxicity.

Kelisha Capsules inhibit acetic acid colitis in rats / 中成药

AIM To observe the effects of Kelisha Capsules (Angelicae dahuricae Radix,Atractylodis Rhizoma,Acori tatarinowii Rhizoma,etc.) on rats with acetic acid colitis.METHODS Seventy rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,Montmorillonite Powder group,sulfasalazine (SASP) group,low-,medium-and high-dose of Kelisha Capsules groups.Except for the normal group,10％ acetic acid solution was injected into the anus of rats in another six groups to establish model for ulcerative colitis.After administration for fourteen days,general conditions and status of feces were observed,the levels of serum IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α and EGF were measured on the 1 st,10th,14th days by ELISA.After the 15th day,the injury to colon mucosa of rats was observed,and damage indexes were evaluated.RESULTS Compared with the model group,the inflammatory condition of colon mucosa in the Kelisha Capsules groups was improved,which was less obvious than that in the SASP group.Compared with the SASP group,the levels of serum IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-oα in the Kelisha Capsules groups were increased on the 10th,14th days,and the difference between the low-dose group and the SASP group had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the Montmorillonite Powder group,the level of serum EGF in the Kelisha Capsules groups was decreased on the 10th,14th days,which was higher than that in the SASP group,and the difference between the high-dose group and the SASP group had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION The effect of Kelisha Capsules on rats with acetic acid colitis is better than that of Montmorillonite Powder,but is not as effective as that of SASP.

Kelisha Capsules inhibit acetic acid colitis in rats / 中成药

AIM To observe the effects of Kelisha Capsules (Angelicae dahuricae Radix,Atractylodis Rhizoma,Acori tatarinowii Rhizoma,etc.) on rats with acetic acid colitis.METHODS Seventy rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,Montmorillonite Powder group,sulfasalazine (SASP) group,low-,medium-and high-dose of Kelisha Capsules groups.Except for the normal group,10％ acetic acid solution was injected into the anus of rats in another six groups to establish model for ulcerative colitis.After administration for fourteen days,general conditions and status of feces were observed,the levels of serum IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α and EGF were measured on the 1 st,10th,14th days by ELISA.After the 15th day,the injury to colon mucosa of rats was observed,and damage indexes were evaluated.RESULTS Compared with the model group,the inflammatory condition of colon mucosa in the Kelisha Capsules groups was improved,which was less obvious than that in the SASP group.Compared with the SASP group,the levels of serum IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-oα in the Kelisha Capsules groups were increased on the 10th,14th days,and the difference between the low-dose group and the SASP group had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the Montmorillonite Powder group,the level of serum EGF in the Kelisha Capsules groups was decreased on the 10th,14th days,which was higher than that in the SASP group,and the difference between the high-dose group and the SASP group had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION The effect of Kelisha Capsules on rats with acetic acid colitis is better than that of Montmorillonite Powder,but is not as effective as that of SASP.