[Effectiveness of complex containing antrale and tymohexine in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis].

The effectiveness of the combination of immunologically active tymohexine and antioxidant antrale was studied on 89 patients aged from 26 to 58 years with chronic viral or alcoholic hepatitis. The combination was found to have positive effect on the course of chronic hepatitis, immunological and biochemical indices. The following positive tendencies were observed: the rise in T-cell level, normalization of immunoregulatory index, decrease in activity of autoimmune, immune complex reactions, and lipid peroxidation, increase in activity of enzymes antioxidant system.

[Cytogenetic disorders iin patients with chronic hepatitis B and C]. / Tsitogeneticheskie narusheniia u bol'nykh khronicheskimi gepatitami B i C.

The chromosomal apparatus of peripheral blood lymphocytes was studied in 19 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and 17 patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Significant changes in cytogenetic indices were revealed in the both groups. Incidence of aberrant cells in CHC exceeded significantly that in CHB (15.3 +/- 1.5% vs 11.1 +/- 0.9% respectively; P < 0.05). Frequencies of aberration per cell and chromatid fragments were also significantly higher in CHC compared with both CHB and practically normal donor groups.

[Chemiluminescence in assessing lipid peroxidation function in patients with viral hepatitis B and concomitant involvement of the hepatobiliary system]. / Khemiliuminestsentsiia v otsenke sostoianiia perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov u bol'nykh virusnym gepatitom B s soputstvuiushchim porazheniem gepatobiliarnoi sistemy.

57 patients with viral hepatitis B (VHB) 34 to 62 years old and 43 patients suffering from VHB in the presence of chronic hepatobiliary pathologies, their age ranging between 37 to 59 years, were examined. Both groups demonstrated positive correlation between the level of spontaneous luminescence and malonic dialdegide, with the intensity of the induced chemiluminescence correlating with the level of dienic conjugates (r = +0.584; r = +0.681).

[The microhemodynamics and immune status of patients with chronic viral lesions of the liver and their correction]. / Sostoianie mikrogemodinamiki i immunnyi status u bol'nykh s khronicheskimi virusnymi porazheniiami pecheni i ikh korrektsiia.

Immunity status was studied together with the condition of microhemodynamics in 113 patients with chronic persistent hepatitis (ChPH) and 46 patients with chronic active hepatitis (ChAH) of viral genesis (HBsAg+). In the period of exacerbation of hepatitis, immunity and microcirculation disorders were detected, more pronounced in ChAH. Incorporation of antral and parmidine into a combined therapy of ChPH patients makes for dispelling of the above disorders in a shorter time, promoting earlier convalescence and lengthening of remission.

[The pathogenetic role of a natural inhibiting factor in acute and chronic liver diseases of viral etiology]. / Patogeneticheskaia rol' estestvennogo ingibiruiushchego faktora pri ostrykh i khronicheskikh zabolevaniiakh pecheni virusnoi étiologii.

Pathogenetic role was studied of NIF in patients with viral hepatitides (VH) A, B and C, as well as chronic hepatitis such as persisting (ChPH) and active (ChAH) HBsAg+. It has been ascertained that under evolving chronic pathology of the liver in terminating acute VH, NIF tends to rise, which observation is compatible with clinical and laboratory signs of chronization of the pathological process in the liver. In ChAH and hepatocirrhosis (HC) during the phase of exacerbation major proportions of patient populations demonstrate lowering of NIF levels as evidenced by low values for the antibody inhibition reaction. Compensated HC is is associated with an elevated index of inhibition (II), which observation is accompanied by improvement of parameters associated with the immune response. Pathogenetic significance of NIF per mit adopting differentiated therapy with immunocorrecting drugs taking into account the level of the parameter in question.

[The antioxidant correction of cytogenetic disorders in viral hepatitis]. / Korrektsiia antioksidantami tsitogeneticheskikh narushenii pri virusnom gepatite.

It has been established that in the acute period of viral hepatitis (VH) the level of chromosome aberrations is 4.4-fold and 6.6-fold that of the norm in VHA and VHB respectively, with the chromatid type aberrations predominating. Frequency of metaphases with chromosome aberrations in substantially higher in patients selected from those categories of individuals working at chemical enterprises and persons living in the zone of exposure to discharges from huge metallurgical works and coking plants. There is a correlation between the markedness of cytogenetic disturbances and degree of cellular immune deficiency. Use of antioxidants (tocopheroli acetas, parmidin, quercetin) in the complex of drug preparations contributes to the normalization of cytogenetic indices and reduction of frequency of protracted and chronic forms of hepatitis.

[Immune status of patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]. / Immunnyi status bol'nykh insulinnezavisimym sakharnym diabetom.

Immune status of 48 patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) was studied by the cytotoxic test with monoclonal antibodies. The majority of NIDDM patients were found to develop secondary immunodeficiency of the relative hyposuppressor type, the degree of immune shifts augmenting with the disease duration and as they acquire insulin dependence.

[Use of chemiluminescence in predicting suppurative-inflammatory complications in erysipelas and tonsillitis]. / Primenenie khemiliuminestsentsii dlia prognozirovaniia gnoino-vospalitel'nykh oslozhnenii pri rozhe i angine.

The levels of spontaneous and induced chemiluminescence of whole blood were assessed in 165 patients with erysipelas in the acute period of the infection and in 129 patients followed up for 1 to 6 months after it, as well as in 216 patients with tonsillitis in the acute period of the infection and in 182 ones after it. Induced chemiluminescence was 4-5 times more intensive than spontaneous one in the acute period of streptococcal infections (erysipelas, tonsillitis) during the development of pyo-inflammatory complications; when the disease course was uncomplicated, this difference made up 2.6-3.2 times. During remission of streptococcal infections (in case of recurrences or exacerbations) the initial level of spontaneous chemiluminescence was significantly lowered as against the norm, and the intensity of induced chemiluminescence was 2.35 +/- 0.12 times higher, the normal value being 2.83 +/- 0.15.

[The immunomodulating effect of vilozen and splenin in the treatment of patients with acute and chronic toxic-allergic hepatitis]. / Immunomoduliruiushchii èffekt vilozena i splenina pri lechenii bol'nykh ostrym i khronicheskim toksiko-allergicheskim gepatitom.

65 patients with acute hepatitis and 116 patients with chronic hepatitis of toxico-allergic nature were examined. 20 patients with acute hepatitis and 40 patients with chronic form of the disease were prescribed in addition to conventional treatment 2-4 ml i.m. of splenin daily, 20 mg of vilosen daily in 3-4 divided doses in the form of 1% solution intranasally and the same quantity--sublingually. The drugs were administered for 10-15 days. Co-administration of splenin and vilosen was established to hasten normalization of clinical indices and immune homeostasis restitution thus advocating the use of the drugs as a part of therapeutic complex in the treatment of acute and chronic toxico-allergic hepatitis.

[Autoimmune and immunocomplex pathology in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]. / Autoimmunnaia i immunokompleksnaia patologiia u bol'nykh insulinzavisimym sakharnym diabetom.

The purpose of the study was to bring to light autoimmune reactions in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with regard to different tissue autoantigens as well as to reveal association between changes in cellular reactions and molecular structure of circulating immune complexes. Altogether 71 IDDM patients were investigated using the leukocyte migration inhibition test (LMIT), in which sensitization to autoantigens was observed in thymic tissue (35.2%), skin (35.2%), venous walls (22.5%), lymph nodes (15.5%), human liver lipoprotein (25.4%). In the presence of diabetic angiopathies the frequency of lymphocyte sensitization to dermal antigen was increased 5.4-fold, to thymic antigen--6.6-fold, and to liver lipoprotein--10.4-fold. As the disease progressed, a considerable increase in the number of mean molecular (2.7-fold) and small molecular (1.6-fold) circulating immune complexes was observed. Direct correlation between their levels and severity of diabetic microangiopathies was established.