Mediation effects of lean mass and fat mass on the relationship between body mass index and handgrip strength.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the mediation effects of lean mass and fat mass on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and handgrip strength (HGS) in adolescents. METHOD: The sample included 118 adolescents (60 girls) aged 10-14 years. Body composition, determined from lean mass (LM) and fat mass (FM), was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. HGS was measured using a digital dynamometer. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sexual maturation, treated as covariates, were evaluated by accelerometry and pubic hair development, respectively. Spearman correlation and simple mediation analysis were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: A positive relationship was observed between BMI and HGS (rho = .364, p < .001), BMI and LM (rho = .466, p < .001), LM and HGS (rho = .784, p < .001), BMI and FM (rho = .907, p < .001), and FM and HGS (rho = .291, p = .001). LM was the only significant mediator of the relationship between BMI and HGS. CONCLUSION: Only LM mediated the association between BMI and HGS, almost entirely explaining the relationship. The findings reinforce the need to include LM measurements in routine strength testing. Furthermore, strategies focused on LM development may be promising in preventing low muscle strength in adolescents.

Isolated and combined association of excessive screen time and physical inactivity with negative self-rated health in adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze isolated and combined associations of physical inactivity excessive screen time with negative self-rated health, according to sex, among school adolescents. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study conducted with 2,517 adolescents in Amazonas State, participants were asked about their self-rated health with the following question: How do you rate your health? Responses were dichotomized into positive (excellent and good) and negative (regular, bad, and terrible). Information on sex, age group, family income, physical activity, and screen time (watching TV, using a computer, or playing video games) was collected through a self-administered questionnaire. Adolescents simultaneously classified as physically inactive (<60 min/day) and having excessive screen time (>2 h/day) were considered to have two risk factors. Data was analyzed using binary logistic regression. RESULTS: Out of every 10 adolescents, 2 had a negative self-rated health. After adjusting for age and family income, there were no isolated or combined associations between physical inactivity or excessive screen time and negative self-rated health in girls. In boys, negative self-rated health was associated with insufficient levels of physical activity (odds ratio [OR]: 2.39; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-5.59) and with the accumulation of two risk factors (OR: 1.61; 95%CI 1.10-2.34). CONCLUSIONS: Being insufficiently active and the combination of physical inactivity and excessive screen time become exposure factors to the negative self-rated health of adolescent boys.

Symptoms of Sarcopenia and Physical Fitness through the Senior Fitness Test.

INTRODUCTION: Physical fitness concerns a set of attributes related to the ability to perform physical activity that may justify the symptoms reported by the elderly in the context of sarcopenia. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the perception (symptomatology) of physical functioning (what the person thinks they are capable of) and the capacity itself for physical functioning in elderly people in northern Brazil. METHODS: Cross-sectional study that analyzed 312 elderly people (72.6 ± 7.8 years) from the city of Novo Aripuanã, Amazonas, Brazil. Sarcopenia symptomatology was assessed using the SARC-F, a 5-item questionnaire designed for screening sarcopenia in older individuals in five domains: strength, walking aids, difficulty getting up from a chair, difficulty climbing stairs, and falls. Physical fitness was assessed by the Senior Fitness Test (SFT) battery including balance evaluated with the short version of the Fullerton Advanced Balance scale (FAB). RESULTS: ROC curve analysis revealed that the tests with the greatest ability to discriminate participants with significant symptoms for sarcopenia (≥4 points on SARC-F) were arm curl and 6 min walk: the probability of suspected sarcopenia increased exponentially with an arm curl < 11.5 reps for men (se = 71%; sp = 69%; AUC = 0.706, 95% CI: 0.612-0.788; p = 0.013) and women (se = 81%; sp = 51%; AUC = 0.671, 95% CI: 0.601-0.735; p ≤ 0.001) or with a 6-min walk <408.5 m for men (se = 71%; sp = 63%; AUC = 0.720, 95% CI: 0.628-0.690; p = 0.001) and <366.0 m for women (se = 69%; sp = 58%; AUC = 0.692, 95% CI: 0.623-0.755; p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Physical fitness assessed through the senior fitness test, particularly the 30-s-arm curl test and the 6-min walk test, can discriminate for suspected symptoms of sarcopenia.

Agreement Between Body Mass Index and Body Fat in Adolescents With Different Physical Activity Levels.

Purpose: This study aimed to verify the agreement between body mass index (BMI) and body fat in adolescents with different physical activity (PA) levels. Method: This cross-sectional study collected body fat data in 118 adolescents (aged 10 to 14 years) estimated using air-displacement plethysmography (ADP). Body mass 10 and height were used to calculate BMI. Physical activity levels were measured objectively by accelerometers. Results: For boys with low PA, BMI overestimated body fat values measured by ADP (mean error = -0.42; p = .018) which also occurred in group high PA (mean error = -0.76; p = .001). For girls, BMI underestimated body fat values measured by ADP values in group high PA (mean error = 0.43; p = .001) and low PA (mean error = 0.72; p < .001). Conclusion: It is recommended that researchers and practitioners 15 cautiously interpret BMI results, especially considering that most adolescents do not practice enough PA.

Isolated and combined association of excessive screen time and physical inactivity with negative self-rated health in adolescents / Associação isolada e combinada do tempo de tela excessivo e da inatividade física com autopercepção de saúde negativa em adolescentes

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze isolated and combined associations of physical inactivity excessive screen time with negative self-rated health, according to sex, among school adolescents. Methods: In this cross-sectional study conducted with 2,517 adolescents in Amazonas State, participants were asked about their self-rated health with the following question: How do you rate your health? Responses were dichotomized into positive (excellent and good) and negative (regular, bad, and terrible). Information on sex, age group, family income, physical activity, and screen time (watching TV, using a computer, or playing video games) was collected through a self-administered questionnaire. Adolescents simultaneously classified as physically inactive (<60 min/day) and having excessive screen time (>2 h/day) were considered to have two risk factors. Data was analyzed using binary logistic regression. Results: Out of every 10 adolescents, 2 had a negative self-rated health. After adjusting for age and family income, there were no isolated or combined associations between physical inactivity or excessive screen time and negative self-rated health in girls. In boys, negative self-rated health was associated with insufficient levels of physical activity (odds ratio [OR]: 2.39; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-5.59) and with the accumulation of two risk factors (OR: 1.61; 95%CI 1.10-2.34). Conclusions: Being insufficiently active and the combination of physical inactivity and excessive screen time become exposure factors to the negative self-rated health of adolescent boys.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a associação isolada e combinada do tempo excessivo de tela e inatividade física com a autopercepção negativa de saúde, de acordo com o sexo, em adolescentes estudantes. Métodos: Estudo transversal conduzido em 2.517 adolescentes amazonenses, os quais foram questionados sobre a autopercepção de saúde: "Como você considera a sua saúde?", dicotomizada em positiva (excelente, boa) e negativa (regular, ruim, péssima). Informações sobre sexo, faixa etária, renda familiar, atividade física e tempo excessivo de tela (assistindo TV, usando o computador ou jogando videogame) foram coletadas mediante questionário autoadministrado. Aqueles classificados, simultaneamente, como fisicamente inativos (<60 min/dia) e com tempo excessivo de tela (>2 horas/dia) foram considerados com dois fatores de risco. Os dados foram analisados utilizando-se a regressão logística binária. Resultados: Dois em cada dez adolescentes apresentaram autopercepção negativa de saúde. Após o ajuste pelas variáveis idade e renda familiar, não foram observadas, no sexo feminino, associações da inatividade física e do tempo excessivo de tela, de maneira isolada ou agrupada, com a autopercepção negativa de saúde. No sexo masculino, a percepção negativa de saúde foi associada com os níveis insuficientes de atividade física (odds ratio — OR: 2,39; intervalo de confiança — IC95% 1,03-5,59) e com o acúmulo de dois fatores de risco (OR: 1,61; IC95% 1,10-2,34). Conclusões: Ser insuficientemente ativo e associar a inatividade física com tempo excessivo de tela tornam-se fatores de exposição à percepção negativa em saúde de meninos adolescentes.

Agreement and validity between body fat estimated by skinfold measurement and air displacement plethysmography in adolescents / Concordância e validade entre a gordura corporal estimada por medidas de dobras cutâneas e pletismografia por deslocamento de ar em adolescentes

ABSTRACT Objective: Assess the agreement and validity between relative body fat percentages estimated using anthropometric measurements and air displacement plethysmography (ADP). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 118 adolescents (60 females) aged 10 to 14 years (x̄=12.19, sd=1.18). Adolescents were classified as eutrophic or with overweight according to body mass index (body weight/height2) (x̄=20,12, sd=3,56). Measurements of skinfold thickness (triceps and medial calf) were collected and used to estimate relative body fat by the Slaughter equation. ADP was used as a reference method for the estimation of relative body fat. Agreement between body fat measurement methods (anthropometry × ADP) was analyzed by the Bland-Altman method. The mean error (ME) was calculated by subtracting the body fat percentage estimated by the Slaughter equation from the body fat percentage estimated by ADP. Validity was tested with the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). Results: There was no agreement between the methods, regardless of sex and weight status. For boys with overweight (ME = 4.52; p = 0.007), eutrophic girls (ME = 6.37; p < 0.001), and girls with overweight (ME = 5.55; p < 0.001), the Slaughter equation resulted in overestimation of body fat compared with ADP. Skinfold equations did not demonstrate validity when compared with ADP. Conclusion: Slaughter's skinfold equations did not demonstrate agreement and validity compared with ADP in either sex or weight status. Skinfold equations should be used with caution and, whenever possible, in combination with other body composition indicators.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a concordância e validade entre os percentuais de gordura corporal estimados usando medidas antropométricas e pletismografia por deslocamento de ar (PDA). Métodos: Um estudo transversal foi conduzido em 118 adolescentes (60 meninas) com idade entre 10 e 14 anos (x̄=12,19, dp=1,18). Os adolescentes foram classificados como eutróficos ou com sobrepeso de acordo com o índice de massa corporal (peso/altura2) (x̄=20,12, dp=3,56). Medidas de dobras cutâneas (tríceps e panturrilha medial) foram coletadas e utilizadas para estimar a gordura corporal relativa pela equação de Slaughter. A PDA foi utilizada como método de referência para a estimativa da gordura corporal relativa. A concordância entre os métodos de medida de gordura corporal (antropometria × PDA) foi analisada pelo método de Bland-Altman. O erro médio (EM) foi calculado subtraindo o percentual de gordura corporal estimado pela equação de Slaughter do percentual de gordura corporal estimado pela PDA. A validade foi testada com o coeficiente de correlação de concordância (CCC). Resultados: Não houve concordância entre os métodos, independente do sexo e status de peso. Para meninos com excesso de peso (EM = 4,52; p = 0,007), meninas eutróficas (EM = 6,37; p < 0,001) e meninas com excesso de peso (EM = 5,55; p < 0,001), a equação de Slaughter resultou em superestimação da gordura corporal comparada com PDA. As equações de dobras cutâneas não demonstraram validade quando comparadas ao PDA. Conclusão: As equações de dobras cutâneas de Slaughter não demonstraram concordância e validade em comparação com PDA em ambos os sexos ou status de peso. As equações de dobras cutâneas devem ser utilizadas com cautela e, sempre que possível, acompanhada de outros indicadores de composição corporal.

Relationship between body composition and bone mass in normal-weight and overweight adolescents.

Adolescence is a period characterized by large accumulation of bone mass. Body composition is an important determinant of bone mass. This study aimed to assess the relationship of bone mass with lean mass (LM) and fat mass (FM) in normal-weight and overweight adolescents with consideration of sex, sexual maturation and physical activity covariates. A total of 118 adolescents (60 girls and 58 boys) aged between 10 and 14 years participated in the study. Individuals were classified as normal weight or overweight according to body mass index. Bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), LM, and FM were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. In normal-weight adolescents, LM (ß = 0.725, p < 0.001) and FM (ß = 0.185, p = 0.019) were associated with lumbar spine BMC, whereas in overweight adolescents only LM (ß = 0.736, p < 0.001) was associated with lumbar spine BMC. Furthermore, in the normal-weight group, FM and LM were associated with total body less head BMD (LM, ß = 0.792, p < 0.001; FM, ß = 0.257, p = 0.007) and lumbar spine BMD (LM, ß = 0.553, p < 0.001; FM, ß = 0.199, p < 0.035). In the overweight group, only LM was associated with total body less head BMD (ß = 0.682, p < 0.001) and lumbar spine BMD (ß = 0.528, p < 0.001). LM was the main predictor of bone mass in normal-weight and overweight adolescents. FM was associated with bone mass in normal-weight adolescents only. LM may be considered an important and useful marker in adolescents, when investigating bone health in this population. Activities that promote LM gain to reduce the risk of bone fractures and diseases in adulthood are recommended.

Relationship Between Muscle Strength, Body Composition and Bone Mineral Density in Adolescents.

Adolescence is an important period for the acquisition of bone mass, which can be enhanced by several factors. This study aimed examine the relationships of handgrip strength, free-fat mass, and fat mass with bone mineral density in adolescents. 118 adolescents (60 girls), aged 10 to 14 years, participated in the study. Information on sex, age, handgrip strength, free-fat mass, fat mass and bone mineral density were collected. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to examine possible relationships between bone mineral density and handgrip strength, free-fat mass and fat mass. There was a relation between handgrip strength and free-fat mass with bone mineral density in both sexes. Fat mass was correlated with bone mineral density only in girls (r= 0.314, p< 0.014). The final models, adjusted for sexual maturation, included free-fat mass (girls - ß= 0.419, p< 0.001; boys - ß= 0.455; p< 0.001) and handgrip strength (girls - ß= 0.358, p< 0.05; boys - ß= 0.325; p< 0.05) and these variables together explained 51.8% and 62.9% of the variation of bone mineral density, in girls and boys, respectively. Handgrip strength and free-fat mass were positively associated with bone mineral density. A sex-specific difference indicated that higher levels of free-fat mass are of paramount importance for both sexes.

High waist-to-height ratio and associated factors in adolescents from a city in Southern Brazil: a cross-sectional study / Razão cintura-estatura elevada e fatores associados em adolescentes de uma cidade do Sul do Brasil: um estudo transversal

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the prevalence of abdominal obesity with the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and associated factors in adolescents from a city in Southern Brazil. Methods: A total of 960 adolescents (494 boys) aged 15-18 years old participated in this study. The dependent variable was WHtR; independent variables were self-reported age, economic level, sexual maturation, physical activity level, screen time, and body fat. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Results: It was observed that 36.7% of the adolescents presented high WHtR (50.2% in girls and 23.9% in boys). Regardless of sex, adolescents with high body fat were more likely of having high WHtR (boys: Odds Ratio [OR] 29.79; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 16.87-52.62; girls: OR 19.43; 95%CI 10.51-35.94). In girls, high WHtR was associated with age (OR 1.83; 95%CI 1.17-2.87), and in boys, with economic level (OR 2.34; 95%CI 1.01-5.45). Conclusions: One in each three adolescents has abdominal obesity. Among adolescents with high body fat, girls aged 15-16 and boys with high-income are the groups most exposed to abdominal obesity.

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência de obesidade abdominal, por meio da razão cintura-estatura (RCE), e fatores associados em adolescentes de uma cidade do sul do Brasil. Métodos: Participaram 965 adolescentes (499 meninos) de 15 a 18 anos. A variável dependente foi a RCE elevada e as variáveis independentes foram idade, nível econômico, maturação sexual, nível de atividade física, tempo de tela e adiposidade corporal. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e regressão logística. Resultados: 36,7% dos adolescentes apresentaram RCE elevada (50,2% das meninas e 23,9% dos meninos). Independentemente do sexo, os adolescentes com adiposidade corporal elevada apresentaram maiores chances de terem RCE elevada (masculino: OR 30,91; IC95% 17,37-55,00; feminino: OR 19,18; IC95% 10,39-35,40). Nas meninas, observou-se associação da RCE elevada com idade (OR 1,88; IC95% 1,20-2,94) e, nos meninos, com nível econômico (OR 2,35; IC95% 1,01-5,46). Conclusões: Um em cada três adolescentes tem obesidade abdominal. Adolescentes com adiposidade corporal elevada, meninas de 15-16 anos e meninos de nível econômico alto são os grupos mais expostos à obesidade abdominal.

Handgrip strength and associated factors among Brazilian adolescents: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: The handgrip strength (HGS) is an indicator of muscle strength associated with several health outcomes in adolescents and adults. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify HGS levels and associated modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors in adolescents. METHODS: The study included 971 adolescents (496 boys) aged 15-18 years. The HGS was measured by a dynamometer, and the maximum value of right and left hands were summed for a total score. Age, economic status, balanced diet, physical activity, and sedentary behavior were assessed by questionnaires, while body mass index was determined by measuring body weight and height. Multiple linear regression was carried out to examine the association. RESULTS: 65.4% of the adolescents presented low levels of HGS (boys: 73.8%; girls: 56.6%). Low levels of HGS were associated with weight status and height in both sexes. In boys, low levels of HGS were associated with age, balanced diet, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. CONCLUSION: About six out of ten adolescentes presented low levels of HGS. The main predictors of low levels of HGS in boys were age, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and balanced diet, and weight status and height in both sexes.

High waist-to-height ratio and associated factors in adolescents from a city in Southern Brazil: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: To verify the prevalence of abdominal obesity with the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and associated factors in adolescents from a city in Southern Brazil. METHODS: A total of 960 adolescents (494 boys) aged 15-18 years old participated in this study. The dependent variable was WHtR; independent variables were self-reported age, economic level, sexual maturation, physical activity level, screen time, and body fat. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. RESULTS: It was observed that 36.7% of the adolescents presented high WHtR (50.2% in girls and 23.9% in boys). Regardless of sex, adolescents with high body fat were more likely of having high WHtR (boys: Odds Ratio [OR] 29.79; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 16.87-52.62; girls: OR 19.43; 95%CI 10.51-35.94). In girls, high WHtR was associated with age (OR 1.83; 95%CI 1.17-2.87), and in boys, with economic level (OR 2.34; 95%CI 1.01-5.45). CONCLUSIONS: One in each three adolescents has abdominal obesity. Among adolescents with high body fat, girls aged 15-16 and boys with high-income are the groups most exposed to abdominal obesity.

Association between loneliness, physical activity, and participation in physical education among adolescents in Amazonas, Brazil.

Loneliness is an individual and social problem associated with an unhealthy lifestyle among adolescents. We examined the association between loneliness, physical activity, and participation in physical education lessons among school-going adolescents. Participants included 2517 adolescents aged 14-19 years selected from state public high schools in Amazonas, Brazil. Participants answered a questionnaire containing demographic information, physical activity, and participation in physical education lessons and loneliness. Our results showed that physically inactive adolescents and those who did not participate in physical education lessons were more likely to feel lonely. These findings underscore the need to target physically inactive adolescents and those non-engaged in physical education lessons when developing interventions to address loneliness.

Normative values of handgrip strength in adolescents according to chronological age and sexual maturation

Abstract Aim: Handgrip strength is considered an important health indicator. It is extremely important to establish normative values so that the handgrip strength is correctly interpreted in adolescents. The present study aims to establish normative values of handgrip strength (HGS) for adolescents, according to chronological age and sexual maturation. Methods: Data from three large projects carried out in Florianopolis and São José, Santa Catarina were used, corresponding to a sample of 2,637 adolescents aged 14 to 19 years old of both sexes (1,428 girls). The HGS of the right and left hands was measured by a manual dynamometer, and total HGS being defined by the sum of the left hand and the right-hand strength. Sexual maturation was determined by the development of pubic hair. The percentiles 3, 10, 15, 25, 50, 75, 85, 90, and 97 were calculated for the right, left, and total HGS. The percentile ranges < p15 (low), p15-p85 (normal) and > p85 (high) were used. ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied. Results: In boys, the mean total HGS ranged from 67.5 ± 16.5 to 86.9 ± 21.8 (p < 0.001) and 74.3 ± 17.5 to 82.2 ± 17.8 (p < 0.001) for age and sexual maturation, respectively, while in girls the mean HGS total ranged from 48.8 ± 11.3 to 56.4 ± 16.0 (p = 0.127) and 47.8 ± 10.6 to 54.3 ± 12.3 (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Reference values established by the percentile score, can be used to identify adolescents with better athletic condition and can be useful for prescribing exercises.

Deslocamento ativo para a escola e indicadores antropométricos de obesidade em adolescentes / Active commuting to school and anthropometric indicators of obesity in adolescents

Os baixos níveis de atividade física e a obesidade na população adolescente têm requerido estratégias urgentes em saúde pública, pois são potenciais fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os indicadores antropométricos de obesidade em adolescentes, considerando diferentes formas de deslocamento para a escola. Trata-se de uma pesquisa epidemiológica, de delineamento transversal, conduzida em 818 adolescentes (375 rapazes e 443 moças) com média de idade de 16,3±1,0 anos, estudantes do ensino médio de escolas públicas estaduais do município de São José-SC, Brasil. Os adolescentes informaram, por meio de questionário autoadministrado, como normalmente se deslocavam para a escola (a pé ­ considerado como deslocamento ativo ­ ou por meio de carro/moto ou ônibus ­ analisado como deslocamento passivo). Foram aferidas as medidas de massa corporal e estatura (para cálculo do IMC), perímetro da cintura e dobras cutâneas das regiões do tríceps e subescapular (considerando-se o somatório das duas dobras). Empregou-se o teste Kruskal-Wallis para comparar os indicadores antropométricos de obesidade entre os tipos de deslocamento realizados no percurso da residência para a escola. Os resultados apontaram que os adolescentes que se deslocavam ativamente para a escola apresentaram menores medidas de perímetro da cintura (p= 0,034). Entre os sexos, as menores medidas do somatório de dobras cutâneas e perímetro da cintura foram observadas, respectivamente, entre rapazes (p= 0,043) e moças (p= 0,009) que se deslocavam de maneira ativa para a escola. Conclui-se que, nos adolescentes investigados, as menores medidas da gordura corporal foram observadas entre aqueles que se deslocavam de maneira ativa, o que reforça a importância do deslocamento ativo como um hábito a ser considerado pelos escolares como um meio de melhorar seus indicadores antropométricos. Faz-se necessário, portanto, a implementação de políticas públicas que promovam o deslocamento ativo para a escola entre os adolescentes...(AU)

Obesity and low levels of physical activity among the adolescent population have been required urgent strategies in public health, since they are potential risk factors for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases. This study aimed to compare the anthropometric indicators of obesity in adolescents considering different forms of commuting to school. This is an epidemiological research, with a cross-sectional design, that included 818 adolescents (375 boys and 443 girls) with mean age of 16.3±1.0 years, who were high school students in state public schools of the city of São José-SC, Brazil. The adolescents reported, by means of a questionnaire self-administered, as they normally commuted to school (walking - considered as active commuting -or by means of car/bike or bus - considered as passive commuting). Body mass and height were measured (to calculate BMI), and also the waist circumference and skinfold thickness in the regions of the triceps and subscapular (considering the sum of the two folds). We used the Kruskal-Wallis test to compare the anthropometric indicators of obesity among the types of commuting undertaken in the course of the residence to school. The results showed that the adolescents who used active commuting to school had lower measures of waist circumference (p= 0.034). Between the sexes, smaller measures of sum of skinfolds and waist circumference were observd, respectively, among boys (p= 0.043) and girls (p= 0.009) that used active commuting to school. We concluded that, in the adolescents investigated, a healthier body composition among adolescents who used the active commuting from the residence to the school was observed, which reinforces the importance of active commuting as a behavior to be considered by the students and a way to improve levels of physical activity as well as their anthropometric indicators...(AU)

A influência do desempenho motor no status sociométrico de crianças e adolescentes: um estudo transcultural / The influence of motor performance in the sociometric status of children and adolescents: a transcultural study

Introdução: O desempenho motor é um componente essencial para o desenvolvimento dos indivíduos e inclui fatores que influenciam diretamente o status perante o grupo. Objetivo: verificar se há relação entre o desempenho motor e status sociométrico, bem como comparar o desempenho motor de crianças e adolescentes do Brasil e de Portugal. Métodos: Participaram 785 (7 a 14 anos), crianças e adolescentes de escolas públicas e privadas. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a Escala Subjetiva de Status Social em Sala de Aula para o status social e Körperkoordinationtest Für Kinder-KTK para avaliação do desempenho motor. Resultados: Observou-se que os alunos rejeitados tiveram mais chances de terem coordenação insuficiente em relação aos pares, independente do país de origem, além disso os portugueses obtiveram mais chances de apresentarem insuficiência na coordenação quando comparadas aos brasileiros. Conclusão: Os participantes rejeitados pelos pares apresentaram maiores chances de terem insuficiência na coordenação motora, tal associação pode tornar-se um problema multifatorial do desenvolvimento no universo da escola.

Introduction: Motor performance is an essential component for the development of individuals and includes factors that directly influence the status before the group. Aim: To verify the relationship between motor performance and sociometric status, as well as to compare the motor performance of children and adolescents in Brazil and Portugal. Methods: 785 (7 to 14 years old) participated, children and adolescents from public and private schools. The instruments used were the Subjective Scale of Social Status in Classroom for social status and Körperkoordinationtest Für Kinder-KTK for evaluation of motor performance. Results: It was observed that the rejected students were more likely to have insufficient coordination in relation to the pairs, regardless of the country of origin. In addition, the Portuguese were more likely to present insufficiency in coordination when compared to Brazilians. Conclusion: Participants rejected by peers were more likely to have insufficient motor coordination, such association may become a multifactorial problem of development in the school universe.

Percepção das condições de trabalho e estresse ocupacional em policiais civis e militares de unidades de operações especiais / Perception of work conditions and occupational stress among civil and military police officers of special operations units

Resumo Introdução: Condições adversas de trabalho são inerentes ao serviço policial e podem ter impacto negativo na saúde física e mental desses profissionais, interferindo também em sua prática laboral. Objetivo: Analisar a percepção das condições de trabalho e o estresse ocupacional em policiais civis e militares de Unidades de Operações Especiais de Santa Catarina. Método: Participaram do estudo 84 policiais civis e militares, do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 34,68 (DP = 6,00) anos, atuantes em Unidades de Operações Especiais (BOPE, COPE, SAER, BAPM). Foram coletadas informações sobre a percepção das condições de trabalho, por meio do questionário intitulado Perfil de Ambiente e Condições de Trabalho, e sobre o estresse ocupacional, por meio da Job Stress Scale. Resultados: A percepção das condições de trabalho, em relação ao escore geral, foi de 24,12 pontos, sendo o ambiente social (6,92 pontos) o componente que apresentou maior escore e a remuneração e benefícios (4,50 pontos), o menor escore. Quanto ao estresse ocupacional, mais da metade dos policiais identificou seu trabalho como de baixa demanda, baixo controle e baixo apoio social. Ainda, quase metade (45,2%) deles teve seu trabalho classificado como ativo. Observou-se correlação negativa entre as condições de trabalho e o estresse ocupacional. Conclusão: Os policiais civis e militares apresentaram percepção regular de suas condições de trabalho, de modo geral, e percepção mais negativa em relação à remuneração e benefícios e ao ambiente físico. Um em cada quatro policiais apresentou trabalho passivo e de alto desgaste, considerados de maior risco para adoecimento.

Abstract Introduction: Adverse working conditions are inherent in the police service and might have a negative impact in the physical and mental health of these professionals, interfering also in their work practice. Objective: To analyze the perception of working conditions and the occupational stress among civil and military police officers of the special operations units of Santa Catarina. Method: Participants were 84 civil and military male police officers, with mean age of 34.68 (sd = 6.00) years, acting in the special operations units (BOPE, COPE, SAER, and BAPM). The information about the perception of working conditions were collected using the Environment and Working Conditions Profile questionnaire, and information about occupational stress were collected using Job Stress Scale. Results: The perception of working conditions related to total score were 24.12 points, with social environment (6.92 points) the component with the highest score, and remuneration and benefits (4.50 points) the component with the lowest score. In relation to occupational stress, more than a half of the police officers identified their work as low demand, low control, and low social support. Moreover, almost a half (42.2%) of the police officers had their work classified as active. A negative correlation between working conditions and occupational stress was found. Conclusion: Civil and military police officers demonstrated a regular perception of their working conditions, and a worse perception related to remuneration and benefits and physical environment. One in four police officers performs passive and high-wear work, considered to be at a greater risk of illness.

Prevalência de pensamentos e comportamentos suicidas e associação com a insatisfação corporal em adolescentes / Prevalence of suicidal thoughts and behaviors and its association with body dissatisfaction in adolescents

RESUMO Objetivo Estimar a prevalência de pensamentos e comportamentos suicidas e a associação com a insatisfação corporal em adolescentes. Métodos Participaram 1.090 adolescentes (501 do sexo masculino e 589 do sexo feminino), com média de 16,2 (1,1) anos de idade, estudantes do ensino médio em São José-SC. Por meio de questionário autoadministrado, os adolescentes responderam a questões sociodemográficas (sexo, idade) e sobre maturação sexual, insatisfação corporal (escala de silhuetas) e pensamentos e comportamentos suicidas (ideação, planejamento e tentativa de suicídio), e tiveram as medidas de peso corporal e altura aferidas para cálculo do índice de massa corporal (IMC = peso corporal dividido pela altura ao quadrado). Empregou-se a regressão logística binária para análise dos dados. Resultados O sexo feminino apresentou maiores prevalências de pensamento, planejamento e tentativa de suicídio comparado ao masculino. Os adolescentes insatisfeitos pelo excesso de peso e pela magreza apresentaram maior chance de terem pensado e planejado suicídio. Não foram encontradas associações entre tentativa de suicídio e insatisfação corporal. Conclusões O sexo feminino apresentou maiores prevalências de pensamentos e comportamentos suicidas do que o masculino. Independentemente do sexo, idade, IMC e maturação sexual, os adolescentes insatisfeitos com o corpo (pelo excesso de peso e pela magreza) estiveram mais suscetíveis à ideação suicida e ao planejamento de suicídio, comparados aos satisfeitos. Por serem adolescentes em idade escolar, a escola pode ser um agente de discussão sobre a temática, auxiliando na prevenção da insatisfação corporal e desfechos suicidas. Outros profissionais envolvidos com essa população e os familiares precisam estar atentos a essas questões.

ABSTRACT Objective To estimate the prevalence of suicidal thoughts and behaviors and its association with body image dissatisfaction in adolescents. Methods Participants were 1,090 adolescents (501 male and 589 female), with mean age of 16.2 (1.1) years, who were high school students in Sao Jose-SC. In a self-administered questionnaire, adolescents answered sociodemographic questions (sex, age), sexual maturation, body dissatisfaction (figure rating scale), suicidal thoughts and behaviors (ideation, planning and attempts), and had body weight and height measured to calculate the body mass index (BMI = body weight divided by squared height). Binary logistic regression was used to data analysis. Results Greater prevalence of ideation, planning and suicidal attempts was found among female than male. Adolescents who were dissatisfied by thinness and by overweight were more likely to ideation and planning suicide. No associations between suicidal attempts and body image dissatisfaction were found. Conclusions Females had higher prevalence of ideation, planning and attempt than males. Regardless of sex, age, BMI and sexual maturation, the adolescents who were dissatisfied with their body (both by thinness and by overweight) were more likely to ideation and planning the suicide, compared to those who were satisfied. Giving that these adolescents are in school age, the school can be an agent of discussion on the subject, assisting to prevent body dissatisfaction and suicidal outcomes. Other professionals who work with adolescents and relatives need to pay attention to these issues.

Qualidade do sono de adolescentes que trabalham e não praticam atividade física / Sleep quality of working and sedentary adolescents

[{"text": "Introdução: O sono é uma necessidade fisiológica que, entre suas funções, busca restaurar as condições\r\nfísica e psicológica do organismo desgastadas durante o estado de vigília. Um sono de boa qualidade está\r\ndiretamente ligado ao desenvolvimento saudável, especialmente dos adolescentes. Objetivo: O objetivo deste\r\nestudo foi analisar as associações entre a qualidade do sono com a situação ocupacional e a atividade física em\r\nadolescentes do Amazonas. Método: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, transversal, de base escolar, conduzido\r\nem 2.517 adolescentes (1.411 moças e 1.106 rapazes), com média de idade de 16,6 (DP = 1,2) anos, de escolas\r\npúblicas do Amazonas. Os adolescentes responderam a um questionário autopreenchível contendo informações sobre\r\na qualidade do sono (variável dependente), variáveis sociodemográficas (sexo, faixa etária, turno escolar e renda\r\nfamiliar), situação ocupacional e atividade física. A associação entre a situação ocupacional e atividade física com\r\na qualidade do sono foi testada por meio de regressão logística binária. A análise foi ajustada por todas as variáveis,\r\nmais as sociodemográficas. Resultados: A prevalência de baixa qualidade do sono foi de 20,3%. Os adolescentes que\r\ntrabalhavam tiveram 69% mais chances de terem baixa qualidade do sono, e os que eram inativos fisicamente, 66%,\r\nquando comparados com seus respectivos pares que não trabalhavam e eram ativos fisicamente. Conclusão: Dois\r\nem cada dez adolescentes apresentaram baixa qualidade do sono. O desenvolvimento de intervenções e de políticas\r\npúblicas exequíveis voltadas à melhora da qualidade do sono em adolescentes deve considerar o exercício de\r\natividades ocupacionais e a inatividade física.", "_i": "pt"}, {"text": "Introduction: Sleep is a physiological need that restore the physical and psychological conditions worn\r\nduring the waking state. A good sleep quality is directly linked to the healthy development, especially for adolescents.\r\nObjective: This study aimed to analyze the associations between sleep quality with occupational status and physical\r\nactivity of adolescents from Amazonas. Method: This is a cross-sectional, school-based epidemiological study\r\nconducted with 2,517 adolescents (1,411 girls and 1,106 boys) with a mean age of 16.6 (SD= 1.2) years, from\r\npublic schools in Amazonas. The adolescents answered a self-administered questionnaire containing information\r\non sleep quality (dependent variable), gender, age group, scholar shift, family income, occupational status and\r\nphysical activity. The association between the exploratory variables and the sleep quality was verified by means\r\nof binary logistic regression. The analysis was adjusted by all variables, including sociodemographic variables.\r\nResults: The prevalence of low sleep quality was 20.3%. Working adolescents were 69.0% more likely to have poor\r\nsleep quality, and those who were physically inactive had a 66.0% chance when compared to their respective peers\r\nwho did not work and were physically active. Conclusion: Two out of ten adolescents presented poor sleep quality.\r\nThe development of feasible interventions and public policies aimed at improving the sleep quality in adolescents\r\nshould consider the occupational activities and physical inactivity.", "_i": "en"}]

Sarcopenia: prevalence and associated factors among elderly from a Brazilian capital / Sarcopenia: prevalência e fatores associados em idosos de uma capital brasileira / Sarcopenia: prevalencia y los factores asociados en ancianos en una capital brasileña

Abstract Introduction: Sarcopenia has been currently considered a public health problem, affecting a large portion of the elderly and making them more susceptible to the risk of falls. Objective: To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with sarcopenia in the elderly from a Brazilian capital. Methods: This is an epidemiological study with cross-sectional design involving data of 439 elderly people from Florianópolis city, Santa Catarina state. The factors potentially associated with sarcopenia (sex, age, weight status) were tested using binary logistic regression, estimating the Odds Ratio and the respective confidence intervals. Results: The prevalence of sarcopenia was 33.3% (95% CI: 28.9, 36.9). Older women (75 years or more) showed less muscle mass in relation to other age groups (p < 0.05). Elderly men, individuals that are 75 years or more, and those with low weight were the subgroups at higher risk for sarcopenia. Obese individuals were less likely to have the outcome. Conclusion: More than one-third of elderly people were diagnosed with sarcopenia. Men, individuals who are older, and those with low weight had a higher risk of having sarcopenia.

Resumo Introdução: A sarcopenia tem sido considerada atualmente um problema de saúde pública e afeta uma grande parcela dos idosos, deixando-os mais suscetíveis ao risco de quedas. Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência e os fatores associados à sarcopenia em idosos de uma capital brasileira. Métodos: Este é um estudo epidemiológico com delineamento transversal envolvendo dados de 439 idosos da cidade de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. Os possíveis fatores associados à sarcopenia (sexo, idade, status do peso) foram testados por meio de regressão logística binária, estimando-se a Odds Ratio e os respectivos intervalos de confiança. Resultados: A prevalência de sarcopenia foi de 33,3%. As mulheres com mais idade (75 anos ou mais) apresentaram menos massa muscular em relação às outras faixas etárias. Homens idosos, aqueles com 75 anos ou mais e os com baixo peso foram os subgrupos em maior risco de apresentar sarcopenia. Os obesos estiveram menos propensos a apresentar o desfecho. Conclusão: Mais de um terço dos idosos foram diagnosticados com sarcopenia. Os homens, aqueles idosos mais velhos e os com baixo peso tiveram maior risco de terem sarcopenia.

Resumen Introducción: La sarcopenia se ha considerado actualmente como un problema de salud pública y afecta a una gran parte de los ancianos, lo que los vuelve más vulnerables al riesgo de caídas. Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia y los factores asociados a la sarcopenia en ancianos en una capital brasileña. Métodos: Este es un estudio epidemiológico con diseño transversal que involucra datos de 439 ancianos en la ciudad de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. Los posibles factores asociados a la sarcopenia (sexo, edad, estado del peso) se probaron por medio de regresión logística binaria, estimándose el Odds Ratio y sus intervalos de confianza. Resultados: La prevalencia de sarcopenia fue del 33,3%. Las mujeres de más edad (75 años o más) mostraron menor masa muscular en relación a otros grupos de edad. Los hombres, los ancianos con 75 años o más y aquellos con bajo peso fueron los subgrupos de mayor riesgo de sarcopenia. Los obesos eran menos propensos a presentar el desenlace. Conclusión: Se diagnosticó más de un tercio de los ancianos con sarcopenia. Los hombres, los ancianos mayores y con bajo peso tuvieron un riesgo mayor de tener sarcopenia.

A baixa duração do sono está associada com a inatividade física em adolescentes Amazonenses? / The short sleep duration associated with physical inactivity among Amazonas adolescents?

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar os fatores associados à baixa duração do sono em adolescentes Amazonenses. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico transversal, conduzido com 2517 adolescentes (1106 do sexo masculino e 1411 do sexo feminino), com idades de 14 a 19 anos, matriculados em escolas públicas de ensino médio no estado do Amazonas. Além da baixa duração do sono (< oito horas/dia) foram investigadas informações sobre sexo, faixa etária, ano escolar, turno escolar, renda familiar, situação ocupacional e atividade física. Associações entre a baixa duração de sono com as demais variáveis foram analisadas por meio da regressão de Poisson. A prevalência de baixa duração de sono foi de (51,2%; IC95%: 49,2-52,9). Adolescentes mais velhos de 18 a 19 anos (RP= 1,14; IC95%: 1,01-1,29), que estudam no turno matutino (RP= 1,37; IC95%: 1,25-1,48) e noturno (RP= 1,16; IC95%: 1,04-1,28), os que trabalham (RP= 1,34; IC95%: 1,23-1,45) e são inativos fisicamente (RP=1,27; IC95%: 1,06-1,53) apresentaram maior risco para a baixa duração do sono. Os resultados mostram que fatores biológicos, comportamentais e ambientais são fatores importantes para a duração do sono dos adolescentes.

This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with short sleep duration in adolescents from Amazonas. It is a cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted with 2,517 adolescents (1,106 males and 1,411 females), aged 14 to 19 years, enrolled in public schools in the state of Amazonas. In addition to the short sleep duration (< eight hours per day), information about sex, age group, school grade, turn school, family income, occupation and physical activity were investigate. Associations between short sleep duration with the other variables were analyzed using Poisson regression. Prevalence of short sleep duration found in adolescents Amazonas was (51.2%; 95% CI: 49.2-52.9). Oldest adolescents from 18 to 19 years (PR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.01-1.29), who are studying in the morning turn (PR= 1.37; 95% CI: 1.25-1.48) and nocturnal (PR= 1.16; 95% CI: 1.04-1.28), those who work (PR= 1.34; 95% CI: 1.23-1.45) and are physically inactive (RP=1.27; 95% CI= 1.06-1.53) presented higher risk for short sleep duration. The results show that biological, behavioral and environmental factors are important during period of adolescents' sleep.