Prognostic factors for local recurrence in patients with rectal cancer submitted to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and total mesorectal excision.

Prognostic factors for local recurrence in patients with rectal cancer submitted to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and total mesorectal excision. BACKGROUND: The standard curative treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer of the middle and lower thirds is long-course chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision. PURPOSE: To evaluate the prognostic factors associated with local recurrence in patients with rectal cancer submitted to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and total mesorectal excision. METHODS: Retrospective study including patients with rectal cancer T3-4N0M0 or T (any)N + M0 located within 10 cm from the anal border, or patients with T2N0M0 located within 5 cm, treated by long course chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision with curative intent. Clinical, demographic, radiologic, surgical, and anatomopathological data were collected. Local recurrence was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier function, and risk was estimated according to each characteristic using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: 270 patients were included, 57.8% male and mean age 61.7 (30‒88) years. At initial staging, 6.7% of patients were stage I, 21.5% stage II, and 71.8% stage III. Open surgery was performed in 65.2%, with sphincter preservation in 78.1%. Mortality within 30 postoperative days was 0.7%. After 49.4 (0.5‒86.1) months of median follow-up, overall and local recurrences were 26.3% and 5.9%. On multivariate analyses, local recurrence was associated with involvement of the mesorectal fascia on restaging MRI (HR = 9.11, p = 0.001) and with pathologic involvement of radial surgical margin (HR = 8.19, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Local recurrence of rectal cancer treated with long-course chemoradiation and total mesorectal excision is low and is associated with pathologic involvement of the radial surgical margin and can be predicted on restaging MRI.

Participação social em saúde e covid-19: análises de contextos e a atuação dos Conselhos Estaduais de Saúde do Brasil / Social participation in health and covid-19: analysis of contexts and the work of Brazil's State Health Councils

Este livro apresenta análises de dezenas de pesquisadores e educadores populares envolvidos com a segunda edição do projeto Participa +, executado pelo Centro de Educação e Assessoramento Popular, em parceria com o Conselho Nacional da Saúde e financiado pela Organização Pan-Americana de Saúde/Organização Mundial da Saúde no Brasil. Os trabalhos aqui apresentados relatam o percurso e o desenvolvimento de um projeto que enfrentou o desafio de manter a participação e o controle social ativos e renovados durante a pandemia. Os Conselhos Estaduais de Saúde ganharam uma atenção especial. A pandemia de Covid-19 trouxe desafios significativos, como o isolamento social, que exigiu a busca por alternativas e inovações. As tecnologias digitais se tornaram ferramentas essenciais para a continuidade das atividades dos conselhos, com reuniões virtuais, consultas públicas online e o uso de plataformas virtuais e redes sociais. Como forma de ampliar as noções de participação social em saúde, também apresentamos revisões da literatura sobre o tema na América. Esperamos fornecer insights valiosos para gestores, profissionais de saúde, acadêmicos e todos os interessados na construção de sistemas de saúde mais democráticos, inclusivos e resilientes. A participação social é essencial para enfrentar os desafios contemporâneos em saúde, este livro visa promover o debate para aprimorar nossos modelos de participação e fortalecer a saúde pública em meio a crises e incertezas.

Temporary abdominal closure in oncological patients: Surgical characteristics and implications.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In critically ill patients, temporary abdominal closure (TAC) is utilized for conditions like abdominal compartment syndrome risk, gross abdominal contamination, and intestinal loop viability doubts. TAC techniques aim to safeguard abdominal contents, drain intraperitoneal fluids, and minimize fascia and skin damage. Our goal is to outline clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes in oncological patients undergoing peritoneostomy. METHODS: Patients undergoing TAC with vacuum therapy at a tertiary oncological center were studied, with data sourced from an institutional database. RESULTS: Forty-seven patients (54.3% female), with an average age of 63.1 ± 12.3 years, were included in the study. The primary tumor site was predominantly gastrointestinal (78.2%). Patients presented systemic signs of chronic disease, reflected by a mean body mass index of 18.2 ± 7.6 kg/m², hemoglobin level of 9.2 ± 1.8 g/dL, and albumin level of 2.3 ± 0.6 g/dL. Additionally, most patients had a low-performance status (53% Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group 1/2, 44.8% Karnofsky score ≤80, and 61.2% Charlson Comorbidity Index ≥6). Emergency surgical complications were the main reasons for initial surgery (68%), with the majority attributed to fecal peritonitis (65.9%). Only 14.8% of patients achieved complete abdominal closure with an average of 24.8 days until closure. The in-hospital mortality rate was 85.2%. CONCLUSION: TAC is an alternative for oncological patients with surgical complications, but it carries a high mortality rate due to the compromised conditions of the patients.

LAPAROSCOPIC RIGHT AND LEFT COLECTOMY: WHICH PROVIDES BETTER POSTOPERATIVE RESULTS FOR ONCOLOGY PATIENTS?

BACKGROUND: The laparoscopic approach considerably reduced the morbidity of colorectal surgery when compared to the open approach. Among its benefits, we can highlight less intraoperative bleeding, early oral intake, lower rates of surgical site infection, incisional hernia, and postoperative pain, and earlier hospital discharge. AIMS: To compare the perioperative morbidity of right versus left colectomy for cancer and the quality of laparoscopic oncologic resection. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of patients submitted to laparoscopic right and left colctomy between 2006 and 2016. Postoperative complications were classified using the Clavien-Dindo scale, 30 days after surgery. RESULTS: A total of 293 patients were analyzed, 97 right colectomies (33.1%) and 196 left colectomies (66.9%). The averageage was 62.8 years. The groups were comparable in terms of age, comorbidities, body mass index, and the American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) classification. Preoperative transfusion was higher in the right colectomy group (5.1% versus 0.4%, p=0.004, p<0.05). Overall, 233 patients (79.5%) had no complications. Complications found were grade I and II in 62 patients (21.1%) and grade III to V in 37 (12.6%). Twenty-three patients (7.8%) underwent reoperation. The comparison between left and right colectomy was not statistically different for operative time, conversion, reoperation, severe postoperative complications, and length of stay. The anastomotic leak rate was comparable in both groups(5.6% versus 2.1%, p=0.232, p>0.05). The oncological results were similar in both surgeries. In multiple logistic regression, ASA statistically influenced the worst results (≥ III; p=0.029, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The surgical and oncological results of laparoscopic right and left colectomies are similar, making this the preferred approach for both procedures.

Performance of a new implant system and drilling protocol-A minipig intraoral dental implant model study.

AIM: A new implant system encompassing implants with a tri-oval cross-sectional design and a simplified site preparation protocol at low speed and no irrigation has been developed. The objective of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of the new implant system using the minipig intraoral dental implant model. METHODS: Eight Yucatan minipigs were included. Twelve weeks after extractions, four implants per animal were randomly placed and allowed to heal transmucosal for 13 weeks: two Ø3.5 × 10 mm implants with a back-tapered collar and circular cross-section (control) and two Ø3.5 × 11 mm implants with tri-oval collar and cross-section (test). MicroCT and histological analysis was performed. RESULTS: Thirty-two implants were placed; one implant for the control group was lost. Histologically, BIC was higher in the test compared with the control group (74.1% vs. 60.9%, p < .001). At the platform level, inflammation was statistically significantly higher albeit mild in the test compared with the control group. No other significant differences were observed between groups. MicroCT analysis showed that bone-to-implant-contact (BIC) and trabecular thickness were statistically significantly higher for the test than the control group. Test group had significantly higher first BIC distance than controls on lingual sites. CONCLUSIONS: The present study results support the safety and efficacy of the new dental implant system and simplified site preparation protocol; human studies should be carried out to confirm these findings.

Comparing three-dimensional endorectal ultrasound and magnification chromoendoscopy for early rectal neoplasia invasion depth assessment.

INTRODUCTION: Accurate assessment of invasion depth of early rectal neoplasms is essential for optimal therapy. We aimed to compare three-dimensional endorectal ultrasound (3D-ERUS) with magnification chromoendoscopy (MCE) regarding their accuracy in assessing parietal invasion depth (T). METHODS: Patients with middle and distal rectum neoplasms were prospectively included. Two providers blinded to each other's assessment performed 3D-ERUS and MCE, respectively. The T stage assessed through ERUS was compared to the MCE evaluation. The results were compared to the surgical specimen anatomopathological report. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive (PPV), and negative (NPV) predictive values were calculated for the T stage and for the final therapy (local excision or radical surgery). RESULTS: In 8 years, 70 patients were enrolled, and all underwent both exams. MCE and ERUS showed an accuracy of 94.3% and 85.7%, sensitivity of 83.7 and 93.3%, specificity of 96.4 and 83.6%, PPV of 86.7 and 60.9%, and NPV of 96.4 and 97.9%, respectively. Kappa for T stage assessed through ERUS was 0.64 and 0.83 for MCE. CONCLUSION: MCE and 3D-ERUS had good diagnostic performance, but the endoscopic method had higher accuracy. Both methods reliably assessed lesion extension, circumferential involvement, and distance from the anal verge.

Retrospective study of patients submitted to appendectomy in a tertiary hospital: is there a difference between the public and supplementary health system?

Introduction: Appendicitis is the surgical disease with the highest prevalence in emergency rooms. Its clinical and/or surgical complications are associated with the time course of symptoms, age, comorbidities, and stages of the disease. Objectives: To analyze the demographic and clinical data of patients who underwent appendectomy for acute appendicitis in a tertiary referral hospital in the city of São Paulo and compare these data between services provided by the Public and Supplementary Health System. Methodology: Retrospective analysis of data from electronic medical records of patients over 14 years old who underwent appendectomy for acute appendicitis at Hospital Santa Marcelina, both in the Public and Supplementary Health Systems from January 2015 to December 2017. Results: A total of 536 patients were analyzed, 354 (66%) of whom were male with a general mean age of 29.85 years (14-81 years). The mean time from symptoms to seeking medical care was 53.84 hours. Regarding the phases of acute appendicitis, a greater number of cases of complicated disease was observed in patients operated on in the Public Health System (p < 0.0001), as well as the time course of symptoms (p = 0.0005) and Conclusion: There was a predominance of male patients undergoing appendectomy for acute appendicitis, with longer time course of symptoms in those operated on in the Public Health System and a predominance of appendicitis in advanced stages (3 and 4) in this group. However, in this group there was no significant increase in the rate of postoperative infection, and the length of stay was shorter than that of patients operated on in the Supplementary Health System. (AU)

Human Papillomavirus 16 Lineage D is Associated with High Risk of Cervical Cancer in the Brazilian Northeast Region.

OBJECTIVE: Similar to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes, different lineages of a genotype also have different carcinogenic capabilities. Studies have shown that specific genotype lineages of oncogenic HPV are associated with variable risks for the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2/CIN3) and cervical cancer. The present study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of the HPV16 genotype in women with CIN2/CIN3 and cervical cancer, from the northeast region of Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional multicenter study was conducted in the northeast region of Brazil, from 2014 to 2016. This study included 196 cases of HPV16 variants (59 and 137 cases of CIN2/CIN3 and cervical cancer, respectively). The difference of proportion test was used to compare patients with CIN2/CIN3 and cervical cancer, based on the prevalent HPV16 lineage (p < 0.05). RESULTS: According to the histopathological diagnosis, the percentage of lineage frequencies revealed a marginal difference in the prevalence of lineage A in CIN2/CIN3, compared with that in cervical cancer (p = 0.053). For lineage D, the proportion was higher in cancer cases (32.8%), than in CIN2/CIN3 cases (16.9%), with p = 0.023. CONCLUSION: HPV16 lineage A was the most frequent lineage in both CIN2/CIN3 and cervical cancer samples, while lineage D was predominant in cervical cancer, suggesting a possible association between HPV16 lineage D and cervical cancer.

OBJETIVO: Tanto os tipos quanto as linhagens do Papilomavírus Humano (HPV) parecem ter diferentes capacidades carcinogênicas e estão associados a riscos variados para o desenvolvimento de neoplasia intraepitelial cervical (NIC) e câncer de colo do útero. O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a diversidade genética do genótipo HPV 16 nos casos de NIC2/NIC3 e câncer de colo de útero em mulheres da região Nordeste do Brasil. MéTODOS: Estudo transversal de base hospitalar realizado na região Nordeste do Brasil no período de 2014 a 2016. A amostra foi composta por 196 casos da variante HPV-16 (59 casos de NIC2/NIC3 e 137 de câncer do colo do útero). O teste de diferença de proporção foi usado para comparar os grupos NIC2/NIC3 e câncer de colo do útero por linhagem viral em relação à prevalência da linhagem HPV-16. Foi considerada significância estatística o valor de p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: As frequências de linhagem por diagnóstico histopatológico mostraram diferença limítrofe da linhagem A no grupo NIC2/NIC3 em relação ao grupo câncer de colo de útero (p = 0,053). Por outro lado, em relação à linhagem D, houve uma proporção maior nos casos de câncer (32,8%) quando comparado ao grupo NIC2/NIC3 (16,9%) e esta diferença se mostrou estatisticamente significante (p = 0,023). CONCLUSãO: A linhagem A do HPV-16 foi a mais frequente tanto nas amostras CIN2/CIN3 quanto nas amostras de câncer de colo de útero, enquanto a linhagem D predominou no câncer de colo do útero, sugerindo uma possível associação da linhagem D de HPV-16 com câncer de colo de útero.

[Community participation in health as an essential element for health system strengthening in the AmericasLa participación en salud como elemento indispensable para el fortalecimiento de los sistemas de atención de salud en las Américas]. / Participação em saúde como elemento indissociável para o fortalecimento dos sistemas de atenção à saúde nas Américas.

The present narrative review discusses the relevance and challenges of community participation in health for health system strengthening. Based on a definition of community participation in health as a dynamic process that gives people access and control over health resources through involvement and experience, the article summarizes information obtained from documents and debate at an international event (Seminario Internacional: Experiencias y Modelos de Participación en Salud en América Latina y el Caribe). In addition, the SciELO, PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched using the terms "community participation", "community engagement", "social control" and "community health planning" to identify national or transnational review and opinion articles. Community participation in health is a current concept, acknowledged in the recommendations for health policies described in recent documents and publications. Around the world, the number of studies on the subject is growing; however, in the Americas, three countries (United States, Canada and Brazil) accounted for most of the scientific publications identified in the databases. The studies address timely questions and show consensus among investigators within each individual research group. However, the area lacks exchanges and comparative analyses that contrast different experiences transcending national borders and expanding knowledge on community participation in health. The creation of more spaces for the sharing of experiences and research is advised, as well as the establishment of professional and research networks in the field of community participation in health.

En esta revisión narrativa se analizan la relevancia y los retos de la participación en salud para el fortalecimiento de los sistemas de atención de salud. A partir de una definición de la participación en salud como un proceso dinámico que da a las personas acceso y control sobre los recursos de salud por medio de la intervención y la experiencia, en el artículo se sintetiza la información obtenida de documentos y en un debate realizado en el denominado Seminario Internacional: Experiencias y Modelos de Participación en Salud en América Latina y el Caribe. A este material se agregaron los resultados de búsquedas en las bases de datos SciELO, PubMed y Google Académico con los términos "community participation", "community engagement", "social control" y "community health planning". Se seleccionaron artículos de revisión y opinión de los ámbitos nacional o transnacional, sin límite de fecha ni de idioma. La participación en salud es un concepto actual, legitimado en las recomendaciones sobre políticas de salud descritas en documentos y publicaciones recientes. El número de estudios sobre el tema ha aumentado en todo el mundo, pero en las Américas, la mayoría de las publicaciones se concentran en tres países (Brasil, Canadá y Estados Unidos). En los estudios se abordan asuntos de actualidad y se demuestra el consenso existente entre los investigadores de cada grupo independiente. Sin embargo, en este campo no hay intercambios ni análisis comparativos que permitan contrastar las diferentes experiencias más allá de las fronteras nacionales y ampliar el conocimiento sobre la participación en salud. Se recomienda crear ámbitos de intercambio de experiencias y oportunidades de investigación, y establecer redes profesionales y de investigación en el campo de la participación en salud.

Participação em saúde como elemento indissociável para o fortalecimento dos sistemas de atenção à saúde nas Américas

[RESUMO]. A presente revisão narrativa discute a relevância e os desafios da participação em saúde para o fortalecimento dos sistemas de atenção à saúde. Partindo de uma definição de participação em saúde como um processo dinâmico que dá às pessoas acesso e controle sobre os recursos de saúde por meio de envolvimento e experiência, o artigo sintetiza informações obtidas em documentos e debate em um evento internacional (Seminario Internacional: Experiencias y Modelos de Participación en Salud en América Latina y el Caribe). A esse material, foram agregados os resultados de buscas nas bases SciELO, PubMed e Google Acadê- mico utilizando os termos “community participation”, “community engagement”, “social control” e “community health planning”. Foram selecionados artigos de revisão e de opinião em âmbito nacional ou transnacional, sem limite de data ou idioma. A participação em saúde é um conceito atual, legitimado nas recomenda- ções para políticas de saúde descritas em documentos e publicações recentes. Em todo o mundo, cresce o número de estudos sobre o assunto; porém, nas Américas, três países (Estados Unidos, Canadá e Brasil) concentram a maioria das publicações. Os estudos abordam questões oportunas e demonstram consenso entre os pesquisadores de cada grupo independente. Entretanto, a área carece de intercâmbios e análises comparativas que contrastem diferentes experiências que transcendam as fronteiras nacionais e ampliem o conhecimento sobre a participação em saúde. Aconselha-se a criação de espaços de troca de experiências e oportunidades de pesquisa, bem como o estabelecimento de redes profissionais e de pesquisa no campo da participação em saúde.

[ABSTRACT]. The present narrative review discusses the relevance and challenges of community participation in health for health system strengthening. Based on a definition of community participation in health as a dynamic process that gives people access and control over health resources through involvement and experience, the article summarizes information obtained from documents and debate at an international event (Seminario Interna- cional: Experiencias y Modelos de Participación en Salud en América Latina y el Caribe). In addition, the SciELO, PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched using the terms “community participation”, “community engagement”, “social control” and “community health planning” to identify national or transnatio- nal review and opinion articles. Community participation in health is a current concept, acknowledged in the recommendations for health policies described in recent documents and publications. Around the world, the number of studies on the subject is growing; however, in the Americas, three countries (United States, Canada and Brazil) accounted for most of the scientific publications identified in the databases. The studies address timely questions and show consensus among investigators within each individual research group. However, the area lacks exchanges and comparative analyses that contrast different experiences transcending national borders and expanding knowledge on community participation in health. The creation of more spaces for the sharing of experiences and research is advised, as well as the establishment of professional and research networks in the field of community participation in health.

[RESUMEN]. En esta revisión narrativa se analizan la relevancia y los retos de la participación en salud para el fortaleci- miento de los sistemas de atención de salud. A partir de una definición de la participación en salud como un proceso dinámico que da a las personas acceso y control sobre los recursos de salud por medio de la intervención y la experiencia, en el artículo se sintetiza la información obtenida de documentos y en un debate realizado en el denominado Seminario Internacional: Experiencias y Modelos de Participación en Salud en América Latina y el Caribe. A este material se agregaron los resultados de búsquedas en las bases de datos SciELO, PubMed y Google Académico con los términos “community participation”, “community engagement”, “social control” y “community health planning”. Se seleccionaron artículos de revisión y opinión de los ámbitos nacional o transnacional, sin límite de fecha ni de idioma. La participación en salud es un concepto actual, legitimado en las recomendaciones sobre políticas de salud descritas en documentos y publicaciones recien- tes. El número de estudios sobre el tema ha aumentado en todo el mundo, pero en las Américas, la mayoría de las publicaciones se concentran en tres países (Brasil, Canadá y Estados Unidos). En los estudios se abordan asuntos de actualidad y se demuestra el consenso existente entre los investigadores de cada grupo indepen- diente. Sin embargo, en este campo no hay intercambios ni análisis comparativos que permitan contrastar las diferentes experiencias más allá de las fronteras nacionales y ampliar el conocimiento sobre la participación en salud. Se recomienda crear ámbitos de intercambio de experiencias y oportunidades de investigación, y establecer redes profesionales y de investigación en el campo de la participación en salud.

Epidemiology of laryngeal cancer in Brazil: Historical data from 2000 to 2019.

INTRODUCTION: To determine the incidence, morbidity, and mortality rate of laryngeal cancer in two decades and its epidemiological, clinical, and histological characteristics by sex in Brazil. METHODS: This ecological study used three reliable sources of secondary data: population- and hospital-based cancer registries and the national mortality database. All data available from 2000 to 2019 were considered. RESULTS: The incidence of male laryngeal cancer decreased from 9.20 to 4.95 per 100,000 from 2000 to 2018, while mortality slightly decreased from 3.37 to 3.30 per 100,000 from 2000 to 2019. In the same period, the female incidence decreased from 1.26 to 0.48 per 100,000; however, mortality slightly increased from 0.34 to 0.36 per 100,000. Of 221,566 individuals with head and neck cancer, 27 % presented laryngeal cancer. The median age was 61 years (54-69), and most individuals were male (86.6 %), smokers (66.2 %), diagnosed with locally advanced cancer (66.7 %), and squamous cell carcinoma as the main histological type (93.2 %). Male tended to be older (p < 0.001), white (p < 0.001), smokers (p < 0.001), and present late treatment initiation (p < 0.001) and early death (p < 0.001) compared with female. CONCLUSION: The male laryngeal cancer affected mainly at productive age but with a decreased incidence, probably due to a reduction in smoking habit. However, mortality did not change, which may be explained by the late diagnosis and lack of access to radiotherapy.

Psychometric properties of an oral health literacy scale for people living with diabetes.

This study evaluated the construct validity of the instrument Oral Health Literacy among diabetics. A probabilistic random sample of 239 diabetics from an infinite population answered the 10 items of the questionnaire. The structural validity was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis and goodness of fit, chi-square per degrees of freedom ratio (X2/df), comparative fit index (CFI), goodness-of-fit index (GFI), and root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA). Internal consistency was estimated by the average variance extracted (AVE) and composite reliability (CR). The scores were dichotomized with the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval as the cutoff point. The three-dimensional model presented good quality parameters (X2 /df = 2.459; CFI = 0.988; TLI = 0.981) and poor RMSEA (0.078). Internal consistency was adequate; AVE for the Access, Understand/appraise, and Apply subscales were 0.831, 0.981, and 0.954 and the CR for these subscales were 0.893, 0.962, and 0.822, respectively. Inadequate literacy ranged from 41.8 to 48.1%. The three-dimensional model identified (access, understand/appraise, and apply) showed structural validity, good internal consistency, and understandability.

Successful outcome of combined surgical and negative pressure therapy in complex enterocutaneous fistulas: a case report.

An enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) is a complex medical issue that occurs when abnormal communication between the small intestine and the skin occurs. This can lead to the leakage of digestive contents, such as feces and food, onto the skin's surface. The case of an 86-year-old woman is presented, who developed high-output ECF after undergoing Hartmann surgery, intestinal transit reconstruction for perforated diverticulitis and incisional hernia treatment involving hernioplasty and polypropylene mesh. The patient had suffered from a serous-purulent discharge from a low-volume surgical wound for several years. Despite optimizing the patient's nutritional status, a laparotomy and small bowel resection were performed successfully. However, using vacuum dressing as a cover for the fistula in the lower gastrointestinal tract remains a subject of debate and limited research. No officially recognized international guidelines recommend its use for small bowel ECF.

Participação em saúde nas Américas: mapeamento bibliométrico da produção, impacto, visibilidade e colaboração / Participation in health in the Americas: Bibliometric mapping of production, impact, visibility and collaboration / Participación en salud em las Américas: mapeo bibliométrico de producción, impacto, isibilidade y colaboración

Resumo A participação em saúde tem gerado um grande número de publicações em todo o mundo. Para conhecer as especificidades dessa produção nas Américas, foi realizada uma análise bibliométrica de artigos em inglês, espanhol e português. Foram realizadas buscas na BVS, PubMed, SCOPUS, WOS e SciELO, consolidando uma base de dados com 641 referências. Com auxílio do software VOSviewer, analisamos padrões de citação, coautoria e a distribuição cronológica por países e idiomas. Foi possível verificar o crescimento da produção, a relevância quantitativa e o impacto dos diferentes países. A análise indicou que os EUA concentram o maior número de citações, e o Brasil, apesar de ser o primeiro em número de publicações, é o terceiro em número de citações. O mesmo ocorre com os periódicos brasileiros que, com o maior número de artigos, caem no ranking dos mais citados. Nos dez artigos mais citados, descatam-se trabalhos desenvolvidos nos EUA e Canadá. A análise de coautoria indicou que a Universidade de Toronto, a Fiocruz e a Universidade de Harvard são as que mais têm colaborações formais com outras organizações. Concluímos que existem desigualdades de impacto, visibilidade e internacionalização neste campo, indicando obstáculos para o desenvolvimento científico e das políticas de saúde.

Abstract Participation in health has generated a large number of publications around the world. In order to know the specificities of this production in the Americas, a bibliometric analysis of articles in English, Spanish and Portuguese was carried out. Searches were carried out in the VHL, PubMed, SCOPUS, WOS and SciELO, consolidating a database with 641 references. With the help of the VOSviewer software, we analyzed citation patterns, co-authorship and the chronological distribution by countries and languages. It was possible to verify the growth of production, the quantitative relevance and the impact of the different countries. The analysis indicated that the USA concentrates the largest number of citations and Brazil, despite being the first in number of publications, is the third in number of citations. The same occurs with Brazilian journals that, with the largest number of articles, fall in the ranking of the most cited. The co-authorship analysis indicated that the University of Toronto, Fiocruz and Harvard University have the most formal collaborations with other organizations. We conclude that there are inequalities of impact, visibility and internationalization in this field, indicating obstacles to scientific development and health policies.

Resumen La participación en salud ha generado una gran cantidad de publicaciones alrededor del mundo. Para conocer las especificidades de esta producción en las Américas, se realizó un análisis bibliométrico de artículos en inglés, español y portugués. Se realizaron búsquedas en la BVS, Pubmed, SCOPUS, WOS y SciELO, consolidando una base de datos con 641 referencias. Con la ayuda del software VOSviewer, analizamos los patrones de citación, la coautoría y la distribución cronológica por países e idiomas. Se pudo verificar el crecimiento de la producción, la relevancia cuantitativa y el impacto de los diferentes países. El análisis indicó que EE.UU. concentra el mayor número de citas y Brasil, a pesar de ser el primero en número de publicaciones, es el tercero en número de citas. En los diez artículos más citados se descartan trabajos desarrollados en EE.UU. y Canadá. El análisis de coautoría indicó que la Universidad de Toronto, Fiocruz y la Universidad de Harvard tienen las colaboraciones más formales con otras organizaciones. Concluimos que existen desigualdades de impacto, visibilidad e internacionalización en este campo, indicando obstáculos para el desarrollo científico y las políticas de salud.

Participation in health in the Americas: Bibliometric mapping of production, impact, visibility and collaboration. / Participação em saúde nas Américas: mapeamento bibliométrico da produção, impacto, visibilidade e colaboração.

Participation in health has generated a large number of publications around the world. In order to know the specificities of this production in the Americas, a bibliometric analysis of articles in English, Spanish and Portuguese was carried out. Searches were carried out in the VHL, PubMed, SCOPUS, WOS and SciELO, consolidating a database with 641 references. With the help of the VOSviewer software, we analyzed citation patterns, co-authorship and the chronological distribution by countries and languages. It was possible to verify the growth of production, the quantitative relevance and the impact of the different countries. The analysis indicated that the USA concentrates the largest number of citations and Brazil, despite being the first in number of publications, is the third in number of citations. The same occurs with Brazilian journals that, with the largest number of articles, fall in the ranking of the most cited. The co-authorship analysis indicated that the University of Toronto, Fiocruz and Harvard University have the most formal collaborations with other organizations. We conclude that there are inequalities of impact, visibility and internationalization in this field, indicating obstacles to scientific development and health policies.

A participação em saúde tem gerado um grande número de publicações em todo o mundo. Para conhecer as especificidades dessa produção nas Américas, foi realizada uma análise bibliométrica de artigos em inglês, espanhol e português. Foram realizadas buscas na BVS, PubMed, SCOPUS, WOS e SciELO, consolidando uma base de dados com 641 referências. Com auxílio do software VOSviewer, analisamos padrões de citação, coautoria e a distribuição cronológica por países e idiomas. Foi possível verificar o crescimento da produção, a relevância quantitativa e o impacto dos diferentes países. A análise indicou que os EUA concentram o maior número de citações, e o Brasil, apesar de ser o primeiro em número de publicações, é o terceiro em número de citações. O mesmo ocorre com os periódicos brasileiros que, com o maior número de artigos, caem no ranking dos mais citados. Nos dez artigos mais citados, descatam-se trabalhos desenvolvidos nos EUA e Canadá. A análise de coautoria indicou que a Universidade de Toronto, a Fiocruz e a Universidade de Harvard são as que mais têm colaborações formais com outras organizações. Concluímos que existem desigualdades de impacto, visibilidade e internacionalização neste campo, indicando obstáculos para o desenvolvimento científico e das políticas de saúde.

La participación en salud ha generado una gran cantidad de publicaciones alrededor del mundo. Para conocer las especificidades de esta producción en las Américas, se realizó un análisis bibliométrico de artículos en inglés, español y portugués. Se realizaron búsquedas en la BVS, Pubmed, SCOPUS, WOS y SciELO, consolidando una base de datos con 641 referencias. Con la ayuda del software VOSviewer, analizamos los patrones de citación, la coautoría y la distribución cronológica por países e idiomas. Se pudo verificar el crecimiento de la producción, la relevancia cuantitativa y el impacto de los diferentes países. El análisis indicó que EE.UU. concentra el mayor número de citas y Brasil, a pesar de ser el primero en número de publicaciones, es el tercero en número de citas. En los diez artículos más citados se descartan trabajos desarrollados en EE.UU. y Canadá. El análisis de coautoría indicó que la Universidad de Toronto, Fiocruz y la Universidad de Harvard tienen las colaboraciones más formales con otras organizaciones. Concluimos que existen desigualdades de impacto, visibilidad e internacionalización en este campo, indicando obstáculos para el desarrollo científico y las políticas de salud.

Participação em saúde como elemento indissociável para o fortalecimento dos sistemas de atenção à saúde nas Américas / Community participation in health as an essential element for health system strengthening in the Americas / La participación en salud como elemento indispensable para el fortalecimiento de los sistemas de atención de salud en las Américas

RESUMO A presente revisão narrativa discute a relevância e os desafios da participação em saúde para o fortalecimento dos sistemas de atenção à saúde. Partindo de uma definição de participação em saúde como um processo dinâmico que dá às pessoas acesso e controle sobre os recursos de saúde por meio de envolvimento e experiência, o artigo sintetiza informações obtidas em documentos e debate em um evento internacional (Seminario Internacional: Experiencias y Modelos de Participación en Salud en América Latina y el Caribe). A esse material, foram agregados os resultados de buscas nas bases SciELO, PubMed e Google Acadêmico utilizando os termos "community participation", "community engagement", "social control" e "community health planning". Foram selecionados artigos de revisão e de opinião em âmbito nacional ou transnacional, sem limite de data ou idioma. A participação em saúde é um conceito atual, legitimado nas recomendações para políticas de saúde descritas em documentos e publicações recentes. Em todo o mundo, cresce o número de estudos sobre o assunto; porém, nas Américas, três países (Estados Unidos, Canadá e Brasil) concentram a maioria das publicações. Os estudos abordam questões oportunas e demonstram consenso entre os pesquisadores de cada grupo independente. Entretanto, a área carece de intercâmbios e análises comparativas que contrastem diferentes experiências que transcendam as fronteiras nacionais e ampliem o conhecimento sobre a participação em saúde. Aconselha-se a criação de espaços de troca de experiências e oportunidades de pesquisa, bem como o estabelecimento de redes profissionais e de pesquisa no campo da participação em saúde.

ABSTRACT The present narrative review discusses the relevance and challenges of community participation in health for health system strengthening. Based on a definition of community participation in health as a dynamic process that gives people access and control over health resources through involvement and experience, the article summarizes information obtained from documents and debate at an international event (Seminario Internacional: Experiencias y Modelos de Participación en Salud en América Latina y el Caribe). In addition, the SciELO, PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched using the terms "community participation", "community engagement", "social control" and "community health planning" to identify national or transnational review and opinion articles. Community participation in health is a current concept, acknowledged in the recommendations for health policies described in recent documents and publications. Around the world, the number of studies on the subject is growing; however, in the Americas, three countries (United States, Canada and Brazil) accounted for most of the scientific publications identified in the databases. The studies address timely questions and show consensus among investigators within each individual research group. However, the area lacks exchanges and comparative analyses that contrast different experiences transcending national borders and expanding knowledge on community participation in health. The creation of more spaces for the sharing of experiences and research is advised, as well as the establishment of professional and research networks in the field of community participation in health.

RESUMEN En esta revisión narrativa se analizan la relevancia y los retos de la participación en salud para el fortalecimiento de los sistemas de atención de salud. A partir de una definición de la participación en salud como un proceso dinámico que da a las personas acceso y control sobre los recursos de salud por medio de la intervención y la experiencia, en el artículo se sintetiza la información obtenida de documentos y en un debate realizado en el denominado Seminario Internacional: Experiencias y Modelos de Participación en Salud en América Latina y el Caribe. A este material se agregaron los resultados de búsquedas en las bases de datos SciELO, PubMed y Google Académico con los términos "community participation", "community engagement", "social control" y "community health planning". Se seleccionaron artículos de revisión y opinión de los ámbitos nacional o transnacional, sin límite de fecha ni de idioma. La participación en salud es un concepto actual, legitimado en las recomendaciones sobre políticas de salud descritas en documentos y publicaciones recientes. El número de estudios sobre el tema ha aumentado en todo el mundo, pero en las Américas, la mayoría de las publicaciones se concentran en tres países (Brasil, Canadá y Estados Unidos). En los estudios se abordan asuntos de actualidad y se demuestra el consenso existente entre los investigadores de cada grupo independiente. Sin embargo, en este campo no hay intercambios ni análisis comparativos que permitan contrastar las diferentes experiencias más allá de las fronteras nacionales y ampliar el conocimiento sobre la participación en salud. Se recomienda crear ámbitos de intercambio de experiencias y oportunidades de investigación, y establecer redes profesionales y de investigación en el campo de la participación en salud.

Psychometric properties of an oral health literacy scale for people living with diabetes

Abstract This study evaluated the construct validity of the instrument Oral Health Literacy among diabetics. A probabilistic random sample of 239 diabetics from an infinite population answered the 10 items of the questionnaire. The structural validity was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis and goodness of fit, chi-square per degrees of freedom ratio (X2/df), comparative fit index (CFI), goodness-of-fit index (GFI), and root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA). Internal consistency was estimated by the average variance extracted (AVE) and composite reliability (CR). The scores were dichotomized with the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval as the cutoff point. The three-dimensional model presented good quality parameters (X2 /df = 2.459; CFI = 0.988; TLI = 0.981) and poor RMSEA (0.078). Internal consistency was adequate; AVE for the Access, Understand/appraise, and Apply subscales were 0.831, 0.981, and 0.954 and the CR for these subscales were 0.893, 0.962, and 0.822, respectively. Inadequate literacy ranged from 41.8 to 48.1%. The three-dimensional model identified (access, understand/appraise, and apply) showed structural validity, good internal consistency, and understandability.

Incidence of intestinal constipation during the COVID-19 pandemic period in medical students from a private institution in São Paulo, SP

Introduction: Chronic intestinal constipation (CIC) presents an incidence of 2.6 to 30.7% in the overall population and due to the social reality imposed by the coronavirus pandemic, some behavior changes in the Brazilian population occurred that might or not be associated with alterations of CIC prevalence. Objective: To assess CIC incidence in medical students before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil in a private higher educational institution in the city of São Paulo, state of São Paulo. Methods: Clinic data were collected through Google Forms software from the same students seeking to analyze the variables before (year of 2019) and during the coronavirus pandemic. The data were: age, sex, body mass index, constipation referred in a subjective way and confirmed through the ROME III criteria, feces consistency and anxiety and/or depression during the pandemic. Results: A total of 126 medical students from a private higher education institution from São Paulo, SP were included. The average age was 22.9 years old, 70.6% were female and the average BMI was 23.3 kg/m2. Regarding the ROME III criteria, 32.5% presented >2 in 2019 and 42.1% during the pandemic. Concerning the feces consistency, 31.75 and 35.71% presented dry Bristol 1 feces or in both periods, respectively. Conclusion: It was observed an increase in the prevalence of chronic intestinal constipation in medical students from a private higher education institution from São Paulo, state of São Paulo, during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as dryness in the feces. (AU)

Human Papillomavirus 16 Lineage D is Associated with High Risk of Cervical Cancer in the Brazilian Northeast Region / Papillomavirus humano 16 da linhagem D associado a alto risco de câncer de colo do útero em região do nordeste brasileiro

Abstract Objective Similar to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes, different lineages of a genotype also have different carcinogenic capabilities. Studies have shown that specific genotype lineages of oncogenic HPV are associated with variable risks for the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2/CIN3) and cervical cancer. The present study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of the HPV16 genotype in women with CIN2/CIN3 and cervical cancer, from the northeast region of Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional multicenter study was conducted in the northeast region of Brazil, from 2014 to 2016. This study included 196 cases of HPV16 variants (59 and 137 cases of CIN2/CIN3 and cervical cancer, respectively). The difference of proportion test was used to compare patients with CIN2/CIN3 and cervical cancer, based on the prevalent HPV16 lineage (p < 0.05). Results According to the histopathological diagnosis, the percentage of lineage frequencies revealed a marginal difference in the prevalence of lineage A in CIN2/CIN3, compared with that in cervical cancer (p = 0.053). For lineage D, the proportion was higher in cancer cases (32.8%), than in CIN2/CIN3 cases (16.9%), with p = 0.023. Conclusion HPV16 lineage A was the most frequent lineage in both CIN2/CIN3 and cervical cancer samples, while lineage D was predominant in cervical cancer, suggesting a possible association between HPV16 lineage D and cervical cancer.

Resumo Objetivo Tanto os tipos quanto as linhagens do Papilomavírus Humano (HPV) parecem ter diferentes capacidades carcinogênicas e estão associados a riscos variados para o desenvolvimento de neoplasia intraepitelial cervical (NIC) e câncer de colo do útero. O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a diversidade genética do genótipo HPV 16 nos casos de NIC2/NIC3 e câncer de colo de útero em mulheres da região Nordeste do Brasil. Métodos Estudo transversal de base hospitalar realizado na região Nordeste do Brasil no período de 2014 a 2016. A amostra foi composta por 196 casos da variante HPV-16 (59 casos de NIC2/NIC3 e 137 de câncer do colo do útero). O teste de diferença de proporção foi usado para comparar os grupos NIC2/NIC3 e câncer de colo do útero por linhagem viral em relação à prevalência da linhagem HPV-16. Foi considerada significância estatística o valor de p < 0,05. Resultados As frequências de linhagem por diagnóstico histopatológico mostraram diferença limítrofe da linhagem A no grupo NIC2/NIC3 em relação ao grupo câncer de colo de útero (p = 0,053). Por outro lado, em relação à linhagem D, houve uma proporção maior nos casos de câncer (32,8%) quando comparado ao grupo NIC2/NIC3 (16,9%) e esta diferença se mostrou estatisticamente significante (p = 0,023). Conclusão A linhagem A do HPV-16 foi a mais frequente tanto nas amostras CIN2/CIN3 quanto nas amostras de câncer de colo de útero, enquanto a linhagem D predominou no câncer de colo do útero, sugerindo uma possível associação da linhagem D de HPV-16 com câncer de colo de útero.