The aquaculture supply chain in the time of covid-19 pandemic: Vulnerability, resilience, solutions and priorities at the global scale.

The COVID-19 global pandemic has had severe, unpredictable and synchronous impacts on all levels of perishable food supply chains (PFSC), across multiple sectors and spatial scales. Aquaculture plays a vital and rapidly expanding role in food security, in some cases overtaking wild caught fisheries in the production of high-quality animal protein in this PFSC. We performed a rapid global assessment to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and related emerging control measures on the aquaculture supply chain. Socio-economic effects of the pandemic were analysed by surveying the perceptions of stakeholders, who were asked to describe potential supply-side disruption, vulnerabilities and resilience patterns along the production pipeline with four main supply chain components: a) hatchery, b) production/processing, c) distribution/logistics and d) market. We also assessed different farming strategies, comparing land- vs. sea-based systems; extensive vs. intensive methods; and with and without integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, IMTA. In addition to evaluating levels and sources of economic distress, interviewees were asked to identify mitigation solutions adopted at local / internal (i.e., farm-site) scales, and to express their preference on national / external scale mitigation measures among a set of a priori options. Survey responses identified the potential causes of disruption, ripple effects, sources of food insecurity, and socio-economic conflicts. They also pointed to various levels of mitigation strategies. The collated evidence represents a first baseline useful to address future disaster-driven responses, to reinforce the resilience of the sector and to facilitate the design reconstruction plans and mitigation measures, such as financial aid strategies.

Percepción de los médicos de atención primaria sobre la receta electrónica en el Servicio Madrileño de Salud / Perceptions on electronic prescribing by primary care physicians in madrid healthcare service

Objetivo. Conocer la opinión de los médicos de atención primaria sobre la receta electrónica. Material y métodos. Estudio descriptivo mediante encuesta enviada a 527 médicos de atención primaria. Periodo: junio de 2014. El cuestionario incluía preguntas cerradas sobre el interés despertado, la satisfacción, las ventajas, las debilidades y las barreras y una pregunta abierta sobre las dificultades, todas ellas referidas a la receta electrónica. La satisfacción se midió en una escala de 1-10 y las ventajas, las debilidades y las barreras se valoraron mediante una escala tipo Likert de 5 ítems. El interés se midió mediante los dos métodos. El cuestionario se envió por correo electrónico para su cumplimentación online a través de la herramienta Google Drive®. Se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo. Resultados. Se obtuvo una tasa de respuesta del 47% (248/527). El interés manifestado fue de 8,7 (IC95%; 8,5-8,9) y la satisfacción de 7,9 (IC95%; 7,7-8). El 87,9% (IC95%; 83,8-92) utilizaban receta electrónica siempre que podían. Las ventajas mejor valoradas fueron: un 73,4% (IC95%; 67,8-78,9%) opinaron que facilitaba la revisión del tratamiento y un 59,3% (IC95%; 53,1-65,4%) que disminuía la carga burocrática. Entre las debilidades observadas destacaron las siguientes: el 87,9% (IC95%; 83,8-92%) creía que los médicos de atención especializada también deberían poder utilizar la receta electrónica. En relación con las barreras, el 30,2% (IC 95%; 24,5-36%) manifestaron que incorporar a un paciente al sistema de receta electrónica llevaba demasiado tiempo y el 4% (IC 95%; 1,6-6,5%) opinaba que la herramienta informática era difícil de utilizar. Conclusiones. Los médicos muestran un interés notable en utilizar receta electrónica y una alta satisfacción con el funcionamiento de la herramienta (AU)

Objective. To investigate the opinion of Primary Care physicians regarding electronic prescribing. Methods. Descriptive study by means of a questionnaire sent to 527 primary care physicians. Period: June 2014. The questionnaire included closed questions about interest shown, satisfaction, benefits, weaknesses, and barriers, and one open question about difficulties, all of them referred to electronic prescribing. Satisfaction was measured using 1-10 scale, and benefits, weaknesses, and barriers were evaluated by a 5-ítems Likert scale. Interest was measured using both methods. The questionnaire was sent by e-mail for on line response through Google Drive® tool. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Results. The response rate was 47% (248/527). Interest shown was 8.7 (95% CI; 8.5-8.9) and satisfaction was 7.9 (95% CI; 7.8-8). The great majority 87.9% (95% CI; 83.8-92%) of respondents used electronic prescribing where possible. Most reported benefits were: 73.4% (95% CI; 67.8-78.9%) of respondents considered that electronic prescribing facilitated medication review, and 59.3% (95% CI; 53.1-65.4) of them felt that it reduced bureaucratic burden. Among the observed weaknesses, they highlighted the following: 87.9% (95% CI; 83.8-92%) of respondents believed specialist care physicians should also be able to use electronic prescribing. Concerning to barriers: 30.2% (95% CI; 24.5-36%) of respondents think that entering a patient into the electronic prescribing system takes too much time, and 4% (95% CI; 1.6-6.5%) of them perceived the application as difficult to use. Conclusions. Physicians showed a notable interest in using electronic prescribing and high satisfaction with the application performance (AU)

[Perceptions on electronic prescribing by primary care physicians in madrid healthcare service]. / Percepción de los médicos de atención primaria sobre la receta electrónica en el Servicio Madrileño de Salud.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the opinion of Primary Care physicians regarding electronic prescribing. METHODS: Descriptive study by means of a questionnaire sent to 527 primary care physicians. PERIOD: June 2014. The questionnaire included closed questions about interest shown, satisfaction, benefits, weaknesses, and barriers, and one open question about difficulties, all of them referred to electronic prescribing. Satisfaction was measured using 1-10 scale, and benefits, weaknesses, and barriers were evaluated by a 5-ítems Likert scale. Interest was measured using both methods. The questionnaire was sent by e-mail for on line response through Google Drive® tool. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS: The response rate was 47% (248/527). Interest shown was 8.7 (95% CI; 8.5-8.9) and satisfaction was 7.9 (95% CI; 7.8-8). The great majority 87.9% (95% CI; 83.8-92%) of respondents used electronic prescribing where possible. Most reported benefits were: 73.4% (95% CI; 67.8-78.9%) of respondents considered that electronic prescribing facilitated medication review, and 59.3% (95% CI; 53.1-65.4) of them felt that it reduced bureaucratic burden. Among the observed weaknesses, they highlighted the following: 87.9% (95% CI; 83.8-92%) of respondents believed specialist care physicians should also be able to use electronic prescribing. Concerning to barriers: 30.2% (95% CI; 24.5-36%) of respondents think that entering a patient into the electronic prescribing system takes too much time, and 4% (95% CI; 1.6-6.5%) of them perceived the application as difficult to use. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians showed a notable interest in using electronic prescribing and high satisfaction with the application performance.

Implantación del programa de detección precoz del Cáncer colorrectal desde un servicio de prevención de un hospital de tercer nivel / Implementation of the program for early detection of colorectal cancer from prevention service of a tertiary hospital

Objetivo: Elaborara e implantar un programa para la detección precoz del Cáncer colorrectal en los trabajadores de un hospital terciario de la Comunidad de Madrid. Introducir el cribado de cáncer colorrectal en los trabajadores de un hospital terciario de la Comunidad de Madrid. Introducir el cribado del cáncer colorrectal en los exámentes de salud de los trabajadores con edad comprendida entre 50 y 70 años, población de riesgo medio. Material y Métodos: La población diana es la plantilla del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, que acudan a realizar los exámenes de salud y que cumplan determinados criterios. Criterios de inclusión: Trabajadores asintomáticos con edad entre 50 y 70 años y sin antecedentes personales ni familiares de cáncer colorrectal. Criterios de Exclusión: Padecer sangrado hemorroidal intermitente,e star incluido en programa de cribado de cáncer colorrectal, pertenecer a grupos de alto riesgo por historia familiar o personal, afecto de enfermedad grave. Determinación de una sola muestra de sangre oculta en heces con métodos inmunológicos (SOHi) cuantitativo. Colonoscopias: de alta calidad, determinaran el seguimiento. Será cada 10 años, sino se detectan lesiones neoplásicas. Resultados: En el reconocimiento médico se seleccionaran a los trabajadores susceptibles de cribado, explicándoles, su importancia y beneficio. A los que aceptan, explicamos el procedimiento de recogida y entregada de muestras, para la detección de sangre oculta en heces (inmunológico), una sola muestra. Según el resultado, si es negativo, se repetirá la prueba al cabo de 2 años. Si es positivo, derivación a las consultas de Alto riesgo de Digestivo. Finalizado el estudio, emitirán un informe clínico. Se elaboran los siguientes documentos: Volante especifico de derivación a Digestivo y Ficha recogida de datos del trabajador(soporte electrónico). Conclusiones; Siendo nuestra población trabajadora, por rango de edad, la población de riesgo medio, y conocida la epidemiología de la enfermedad, consideramos beneficioso la implantación de dicho programa. Así como llevar a cabo la detección precoz de enfermedades en la población trabajadora y la promoción de la salud (AU)

Objective: To develop and implement a program for the early detection of Colorectal Cancer in workers in a tertiary hospital in the Community of Madrid. And to introduce screening for colorectal cancer in the health checks for workers within a range of 50 to 70 years old, medium-risk population. Material and Methods: The target population is the staff of Hospital Clínico San Carlos, which meet certain criteria and who attend to the health tests. Inclusion criteria: Aymptomatic workers with age between 50 and 70 years old, and no personal or family history of colorectal cancer. Exclusion criteria: Suffering form intermittent hemorrhoid bleeding, be included in colorectal cancer screening program, belonging to high risk groups for family or personal history of serious disease affection. Determination of a single sample of blood hidden in faces with immunological quantitative methods (SOHi). Colonoscopies: high quality, they will determine the follow-up; it will be every 10 years, unless neoplastic lesions are detected. Results: The workers subject to screening will be selected in the medical check-up. They will be informed of the importance and benefits of the screening. For those who accept: we will explain the procedure for collection and delivery of samples, for the detection of blood hidden in faeces (immune), single sample Depending on the result, if it is negative, the test will be done again in 2 years. If it is positive: the person will be addressed to the consultaitons of high risk of digestive system. Once the study is finalized, they will issue a clinical report. Conclusions: Since our target population is working population, by range of age, of risk, medium, and known the epidemiology of the disease, we consider beneficial the implementation of this program. We also consider positive to carry out the early detection of diseases in the working population and the promotion of health (AU)

Estudio de un posible cluster oncológico en trabajadores de cocina de un hospital terciario / Study of a possible oncological cluster in workers of a hospital kitchen

Objetivo: Describir el procedimiento de trabajo llevado a cabo desde el Área de Vigilancia de la Salud de un Servicio de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales, para estudiar un posible cluster oncológico, en el servicio de cocina de un hospital terciario. Analizar la posible relación entre la patología oncológica diagnosticada y los factores de riesgo individuales. Material y métodos: Se seleccionó de la población objeto de estudio, los trabajadores que han desempeñado su actividad durante los años 2008-2009 en el área de cocina. Se analizaron las historias clínico laborales y la base de datos de adecuación/cambio de puesto de trabajo por motivos de salud. Se revisó la situación de los trabajadores en incapacidad e invalidez, como las bajas en la institución por otros motivos. Todo ello dirigido a identificar todos los diagnósticos de cáncer en el colectivo. Las tasas de incidencia de cáncer de la población de referencia se obtuvieron de la base de datos del proyecto GLOBOCAN 2002 de la Agencia Internacional de Investigación en Cáncer. Para el análisis estadístico se empleó el método de estandarización indirecta. Resultados; Se analizan 242 trabajadores encontrándose 4 casos de patología tumoral: en 2008 se produjo un adenocarcinoma de cérvix y un adenocarcinoma de ovario y en 2009 se produjeron dos carcinomas de mama. La razón de tasa estandarizada para cada uno de los cánceres es estudio fue la siguiente: cáncer de mama (SMR: 0,83:IC95%:0,08-3,08), cáncer de ovario (SMR: 2,42;IC95%:0,00-13,91) y cáncer de cérvix (SMR:3,65;IC95%:0,00-20,95). Conclusiones: No se ha podido evidenciar la existencia de un cluster oncológico en los trabajadores de cocina del HCSC. Los antecedentes personales de los casos, nos orienta a no poder evidenciar el origen laboral, como causa de dichas patologías (AU)

Objective: The objectives are to describe the work procedure used by an Occupational Health and Safety Department to study a possible cancer cluster in the service of a tertiary hospital kitchen and to analyze the possible association between diagnosed oncological pathology and individual risk factors. Material and methods. Workers who have carried out their activity during the years 2008-2009 in the kitchen and were selected from the population under study. Our clinical and occupational records of this group and our Work-place Adaptation/Changing database for health reasons were analysed. The situation of workers with incapacity and disability was reviewed, as well as declines in the institution for others reasons. This aimed to identify all cancer diagnoses in the group. The incidence rates were obtained from the GLOBOCAN 2002 project database of the International b Agency for Research on Cancer. The indirect standardization method was used for statistical analysis. Results. We analyzed 242 workers and we found 4 tumoral pathology cases: in 2008 there were an adenocarcinoma of the cervix and adenocarcinoma of the ovary, and in 2008 there were two breast carcinomas. The Standardized ratios for each type of studied cancer are: breast cancer (RR = 0,83, 95% CI 0.08 to 3.08), ovarian cancer (SMR = 2,42 95% CI 0.00 to 13.91), cervix cancer (SMR=3.65, 95% CI 0,00 to 20.98). Conclusions. The present study failed to demonstrate the existence a cluster of cancer in kitchen's workers of the hospital. The personal history of the cases prevent from demonstrating the occupational origin of the tumors (AU)

Desarrollo de un buscador de información farmacoterapéutica no publicada en revistas biomédicas / Developing a Search Engine for Pharmacotherapeutic Information that is Not Published in Biomedical Journals

Objetivo Identificar productores de información farmacoterapéutica no publicada en revistas biomédicas orientada a la evaluación y posicionamiento terapéutico de los medicamentos y desarrollar un buscador para el acceso a dicha información. Métodos Recopilación de sitios web productores de información sobre uso racional de los medicamentos e independientes de los intereses promocionales. Páginas web de acceso libre, y en castellano, gallego, catalán o inglés. Diseño de un buscador mediante aplicación «búsqueda personalizada» de Google. Resultados Se han recopilado 159 direcciones de Internet y se han clasificado en 9 etiquetas. El buscador, denominado AlquimiA y accesible desde http://www.elcomprimido.com/FARHSD/AlquimiA.htm, permite recuperar información de las fuentes seleccionadas. Conclusiones Se han identificado las principales fuentes de información farmacoterapéutica no publicada en revistas biomédicas. El buscador constituye una herramienta útil para la búsqueda y acceso a las publicaciones de «evidencia gris» en Internet (AU)

Objective To identify publishers of pharmacotherapeutic information not found in biomedical journals that focuses on evaluating and providing advice on medicines and to develop a search engine to access this information. Methods Compiling web sites that publish information on the rational use of medicines and have no commercial interests. Free-access web sites in Spanish, Galician, Catalan or English. Designing a search engine using the Google “custom search” application. Results Overall 159 Internet addresses were compiled and were classified into 9 labels. We were able to recover the information from the selected sources using a search engine, which is called “AlquimiA” and available from http://www.elcomprimido.com/FARHSD/AlquimiA.htmConclusionsThe main sources of pharmacotherapeutic information not published in biomedical journals were identified. The search engine is a useful tool for searching and accessing “grey literature” on the Internet (AU)

Sarampión. A propósito de un caso, en un trabajador de banca, en la Comunidad de Madrid / No disponible

No disponible

Developing a search engine for pharmacotherapeutic information that is not published in biomedical journals.

OBJECTIVE: To identify publishers of pharmacotherapeutic information not found in biomedical journals that focuses on evaluating and providing advice on medicines and to develop a search engine to access this information. METHODS: Compiling web sites that publish information on the rational use of medicines and have no commercial interests. Free-access web sites in Spanish, Galician, Catalan or English. Designing a search engine using the Google "custom search" application. RESULTS: Overall 159 internet addresses were compiled and were classified into 9 labels. We were able to recover the information from the selected sources using a search engine, which is called "AlquimiA" and available from http://www.elcomprimido.com/FARHSD/AlquimiA.htm. CONCLUSIONS: The main sources of pharmacotherapeutic information not published in biomedical journals were identified. The search engine is a useful tool for searching and accessing "grey literature" on the internet.

Elaboración de un procedimiento de notificación y actuación en situaciones de embarazo y lactancia de trabajadoras expuestas a radiaciones ionizantes / Elaboration of a notice and procedure for action in situations of pregnancy and lactation of workers exposed to ionizing radiation

Los Servicios de Prevención y Física Médica elaboran un procedimiento de notificación de embarazo y lactancia para trabajadoras de un área sanitaria de la Comunidad de Madrid tomando como referencia la normativa vigente. El procedimiento comienza con la comunicación de la situación de embarazo por parte de la trabajadora expuesta a radiaciones ionizantes al Servicio de Prevención. Este Servicio solicitará al Servicio de Física Médica la información necesaria sobre el riesgo de exposición de la mujer embarazada y, si se estima procedente el cambio de puesto de trabajo, se elevará la propuesta a la dirección correspondiente. Ha de existir una coordinación total entre el Servicio de Prevención y el Servicio de Física Médica, en cuanto a las condiciones de trabajo habituales de la trabajadora gestante expuesta a radiaciones ionizantes, para poder establecer medidas preventivas,información-formación, dosimetría específica, vigilancia de la salud individualizada, adaptación/cambio de puesto si procede, que eviten posibles efectos sobre la salud del feto (AU)

Occupational Health Service and Medical Physics Service develope a procedure for notificating pregnancy and lactation for workers in a sanitary area of Madrid with current legislation. The procedure begins communicating the pregnancy of the worker exposed to ionizing radiation to the Occupational Health Service. ThisService will ask the Medical Physics Service information about the hazzard for pregnant women and, if the change of job is estimated, the proposal will be communicated to the appropriate managment. There must be a total coordination between Occupational Health Service and Medical Physics one, in terms of working conditions of pregnant worker exposed to ionizing radiation, in order to establish preventive measures, information, training, dosimetry, health monitoring, adaptation/change of the job if necessary, to avoid possible effects on fetus health (AU)

Seroprevalencia y conocimiento de vacunación en nuevos residentes / Seroprevalence and vaccines knowledge among newcomers hospital residents

Objetivo: Valorar el conocimiento de los nuevos residentes sobre su calendario vacunal, su estado serológico frente enfermedades vacunoprevenibles y la validez de la historia clínico-laboral como indicador de protección frente éstas.Método: Mediante cuestionario específico obtenemos datos sobre el conocimiento del estado e historia vacunal, y mediante serología comprobamos el estado de protección actual de 130 nuevos residentes hospitalarios.Resultados: La edad media es de 26,7 años, siendo 62% mujeres. Son españoles 82%, de Centro y Sur América 17% y un 1% europeos. El 42% desconocen su calendario vacunal. Están protegidos frente varicela 93,1% y frente a sarampión 90.8%, pero frente parotiditis y rubéola sólo presentan anticuerpos positivos el 69.2% y 61.5% respectivamente. Refieren vacunación frente hepatitis B 81.5% y están protegidos 80,8%. Refieren vacunación de hepatitis A 35% y están protegidos 52.3%. 65% nunca se vacunó de gripe.Conclusiones: Se ha objetivado un gran desconocimiento sobre vacunaciones. La protección frente parotiditis y rubéola ha resultado escasa. La cobertura vacunal frente a VHB, VHA y gripe es baja contando con que se trata ya de personal de riesgo antes de realizar este estudio. La historia clínico laboral no es congruente con los resultados serológicos en muchos casos (AU)

Objective: To evaluate knowledge about vaccines, protection against vaccine-preventable diseases and labour medical history value.Methods: We obtained data on immunization status and serum antibodies against these diseases from 130 newcomers residents to our hospital that were enrolled from May to June 2008. Results: Their mean age was 26.7 years (62% women). They are Spanish 82%, from Centre and South America 17% and 1% European. 42% of subjects don’t know their immunization schedule. 93.1% are immune against varicella and 90.8% against measles, but only 69,2% are immune against rubella and 61,5% against mumps. 81% have been vaccinated against hepatitis B and 80,8% are protected. 35% related to be vaccinated against hepatitis A, but 52.3% are protected. 65% of them never have been flu vaccinated.Conclusion: A lack of knowledge about vaccine has been found. Protection against mumps and rubella is not enough. Immunization coverage against VHB, VHA and flu is low for this biological risk population. Lot of the subjects doesn’t have a labour medical history consistent with serological results (AU)