RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular diseases are associated with risks factors such as obesity and dyslipaemia, which if present during infancy could continue throughout adult life. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of overweight and study lipid profiles. To relate body mass index (BMI) with the studied parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Descriptive and observational study of 1,043 children and adolescents, stratified into three age groups. Taking into account their BMI, they were classified as within normal weight, overweight and obese. Total cholesterol (T-chol), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-chol) and triglycerides (TG) were determined and LDL-chol and non HDL-chol were calculated. RESULTS: BMI: Among the total population, the percentage overweight was 13.9 % and obesity was 5.4 %, with a higher prevalence between 10 and 14 years and also between 5 and 9 years. BMI means were correlated with age in females and males, being higher for females at all ages. Lipid profile (classified according National Cholesterol Education Program): values of cholesterol in potential risk situations were found in 30 % of the population, 16 % for triglycerides, 28 % for LDL-cholesterol and 17 % for non-HDL cholesterol, the risk values being 3 %, 2 %, 4 % and 3 % respectively. Significant differences were observed in lipid values in the total population, overweight and obesity. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of overweight was observed, as well as a correlation between body mass index and dyslipaemia. This emphasises the need for prevention of overweight and dyslipaemias from an early age.
Assuntos
HDL-Colesterol/sangue , LDL-Colesterol/sangue , Dislipidemias/sangue , Dislipidemias/epidemiologia , Obesidade/sangue , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Índice de Massa Corporal , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Triglicerídeos/metabolismoRESUMO
Introducción: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares se asocian a factores de riesgo como la obesidad y la dislipemia que, instalados en la infancia, tienden a mantenerse en la adultez. Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de exceso de peso y estudiar el perfil lipídico. Relacionar el índice de masa corporal con las variables en estudio. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo observacional de 1.043 niños y adolescentes, estratificados en tres grupos etarios. Según el índice de masa corporal se clasificaron en normopeso, sobrepeso y obesos. Se determinó el colesterol total, el colesterol de las lipoproteínas de alta densidad (c-HDL) y los triglicéridos. Se calculó el colesterol de las lipoproteínas de baja densidad (c-LDL) y el colesterol no-HDL (c-no-HDL). Resultados: Índice de masa corporal: en la población total el porcentaje de sobrepeso fue del 13,9 % y de obesidad del 5,4 %. Las mayores prevalencias fueron entre 10 y 14 años (16,9 %) y entre 5 y 9 años (9,9 %), respectivamente. Los índices promedio se correlacionaron con la edad en varones y mujeres. Perfil lipídico (categorización según el National Cholesterol Education Program): se hallaron valores en situación de riesgo potencial en el 30 % de la población total para colesterol, el 16 % para triglicéridos, el 28 % para c-LDL y el 17 % para colesterol no-HDL. Los valores de riesgo fueron del 3, 2, 4 y 3 %, respectivamente. Se observaron diferencias significativas en los valores de lípidos alterados entre la población total y aquella con sobrepeso y obesidad. Conclusión: Se observa alta prevalencia de exceso de peso y correlación entre el índice de masa corporal y dislipemias, con mayores alteraciones lipídicas en la obesidad. Esto enfatiza la necesidad de la prevención del sobrepeso y las dislipemias desde edades tempranas (AU)
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are associated with risks factors such as obesity and dyslipaemia, which if present during infancy could continue throughout adult life. Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of overweight and study lipid profiles. To relate body mass index (BMI) with the studied parameters. Materials and methods: Descriptive and observational study of 1,043 children and adolescents, stratified into three age groups. Taking into account their BMI, they were classified as within normal weight, overweight and obese. Total cholesterol (T-chol), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-chol) and triglycerides (TG) were determined and LDL-chol and non HDL-chol were calculated. Results: BMI: Among the total population, the percentage overweight was 13.9 % and obesity was 5.4 %, with a higher prevalence between 10 and 14 years and also between 5 and 9 years. BMI means were correlated with age in females and males, being higher for females at all ages. Lipid profile (classified according National Cholesterol Education Program): values of cholesterol in potential risk situations were found in 30 % of the population, 16 % for triglycerides, 28 % for LDL-cholesterol and 17 % for non-HDL cholesterol, the risk values being 3 %, 2 %, 4 % and 3 % respectively. Significant differences were observed in lipid values in the total population, overweight and obesity. Conclusion: A high prevalence of overweight was observed, as well as a correlation between body mass index and dyslipaemia. This emphasises the need for prevention of overweight and dyslipaemias from an early age (AU)
