[Vertical transmission of Covid - 19. What does the evidence say?] / Transmisión vertical de COVID-19. ¿Qué dice la evidencia?

INTRODUCTION: Vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from the infected mother to the newborn is still uncertain and the definitive answer is under evaluation. THE OBJECTIVE: of this review was to evaluate the evidence available in the literature regarding whether the pregnant woman infected by SARS-CoV-2 represents a potential risk of vertical transmission to the fetus and/or newborn. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A scoping review was performed using Science Direct, PubMed, and Cochrane library to search for research papers. INCLUSION CRITERIA: published studies of pregnant mothers with COVID-19, with perinatal outcomes reported in the first 72 hours after birth. RESULTS: 569 studies were found; 65 of them were repeated. Therefore, 504 were evaluated, of which 460 were excluded. Finally, 42 research papers that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. 334 pregnant women with COVID-19 and 335 new borns were described; of which 20 presented SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from nasopharyngeal swab. Of these, 18 were identified in the first 48 hours after birth and 12 presented with symptoms. The most frequent route of delivery was cesarean section in 76.2%, and the gestational age range of the newborns was between 26 and 40 weeks. In 86.8% of the cases, mother-child pairs were isolated. CONCLUSION: Vertical transmission of COVID-19 is possible, although infrequent. Prospective studies are required to establish the possibility of in utero maternal- fetal transmission and its consequences.

Rendimiento aeróbico en niños obesos de 6 a 10 años / Aerobic performance in obese children of 6 to 10 years old

Objective: To study the relationship between aerobic performance and nutritional state in children of 6-10 years old. Method: Observational and cross-sectional design. A sample of 98 children (78 girls) attending school in the Metropolitan Region was taken. Of these, 47 were diagnosed as obese, 51 were used as controls. Aerobic performance was determined by distance walked (DW) in 6 minutes walk test (6MWT). Continuous measures of reserve heart rate (RHR) and subjective sense of fatigue (SSF) were taken. / or Wilcoxon tests were used for comparison between groups, Pearson coefficient for correlations and multiple regression to evaluate control variables. Significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: DW in 6MWT shows differences according to nutritional state (p < 0.0001), with a mean distance of 627.6 +/- 24.5 m in control children vs 560 +/- 26.8 m in obese children; but these differences are independent of the gender and age variables. Values for RHR and SSF were similar for both groups except for SSF on the first minute. WD and body mass index showed inverse correlation (r = -0,58; p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The performance in 6MWT was lower among obese children, showing an independent relationship with nutritional state and limited cardiorespiratory efficiency, restricting functional activities in daily life.

Objetivo: Estudiar la relación entre rendimiento aeróbico y estado nutricional (EN) en escolares de 6 a 10 a±os. Método: Diseño observacional, corte transversal. Muestra: 98 escolares (78 mujeres), 51 controles (C) y 47 obesos (OB), de colegios de la Región Metropolitana. El rendimiento aeróbico se evaluó con distancia recorrida (DR) en el test de marcha en 6 minutos (TM6). Se estimó continuamente frecuencia cardíaca de reserva (FCR) y sensación subjetiva de fatiga (SSF). Para comparar medias, se usó test / o Wilcoxon; como índice de correlación, Pearson y para variables de control, regresión lineal múltiple; nivel de significancia, p < 0,05. Resultados: La DR en el TM6 se relacionó con EN (p < 0,0001), con media de DR 627,6 +/- 24,5 vs 560 +/- 26,8 m, en niños C y OB, respectivamente, asociación que no fue modificada por edad y género. Los valores de por ciento FCR y SSF fueron similares en los grupos, excepto la SSF del minuto 1. DR e IMC mostraron asociación inversa moderada (r = -0,58; p < 0,0001). Conclusión: El rendimiento en el TM6 fue menor en OB, mostrando una relación independiente con EN y limitada eficiencia cardiorrespiratoria, lo cual puede restringir la capacidad funcional en actividades de la vida diaria.