[Correlation between expression of antigen immunologically related to gp52 MMTV and transcription of homologous ENV MMTV DNA sequences in peripheral blood lymphocytes from breast cancer patients]. / Korreliatsiia mezhdu ékspressiei antigena, immunologicheski rodstvennogo gp52, i transkriptsiei gomologichnykh ENV MMTV posledovatel'nostei DNK v limfotsitakh perifericheskoi krovi bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy.

Previously we reported that HMCAg related to gp52, env product of MMTV, was a specific marker of human breast cancer (BC). This antigen was expressed not only in BC tissue and patients' sera, but in peripheral T- and B-cells. HMCAg was found in 21.4% of healthy donors, but only in the fraction rich in B-cells. We searched for env-homologous sequences in BC patients by Northern and Southern dot-blot hybridization of plasmid clones containing env MMTV with total RNA and DNA of peripheral blood lymphocytes of BC patients, gynecological patients with hormone-dependent tumors, and donors. Transcription of DNA sequences related to env MMTV was revealed in 91.3% of BC patients, 22.2% gynecological patients, and 27.2% donors. In all cases except 1 donor and 1 gynecological patient this transcription correlated with HMCAg expression in lymphoid cells from the same subjects detected by indirect immunofluorescence with anti-gp52 MMTV rabbit serum. Analysis of in vitro translation products with poly(A) RNA as a template and immunoblotting method showed that at least one of the polypeptides formed corresponded to HMCAg by molecular weight and immunological reactivity, which fact appears to explain the correlation described above.

[Tumor-induced immunosuppression in breast cancer patients]. / Izuchenie opukholeindutsirovannoi immunosupressii u bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy.

A comparative study of immunological reactivity of healthy volunteers and cancer patients with different stages of the disease was carried out. The study of 8 types of suppressor cells, chemoreceptor sensitivity and blast transformation of lymphocytes, natural killer cells, the level of immunoglobulins, regulatory subpopulation of lymphocytes, etc., has revealed several alterations in regulatory and effector links of immunity in the patients with late stages of the disease. The detailed immunological monitoring in the course of varying schemes of treatment is emphasized.

[Disorders of the immune system in benign lesions and cancer of the breast]. / Narusheniia v sisteme immuniteta pri dobrokachestvennykh izmeneniiakh i rake molochnoi zhelezy.

Immunologic vigor was studied in 225 cases of breast cancer at various stages, 99 patients with benign lesions of the breast and 154 healthy donors. The parameters of cell-mediated immunity under study included total, active and neuraminidase T-lymphocyte levels, concentration of T-lymphocyte subsets (Tm, T gamma, theophylline--sensitive and theophylline--resistant) and their profile, functional activity of lymphocytes in blastogenic reaction with PHA and natural killer levels. Also, such humoral immunity indexes as B-lymphocytes and immunoglobulins A, M and C were evaluated. Significant changes in functional activity of the immune system (mainly, its T-cell--mediated component) were identified as early as at the initial stages of breast cancer development and they became more pronounced as tumor advanced. Also, at initial stages, both T-lymphocyte and natural killer functional activity started to flag.

[Immunotherapy with decaris in the early stages of breast cancer]. / Immunoterapiia dekarisom pri nachal'nykh stadiiakh raka molochnoi zhelezy.

A randomized clinical study of adjuvant immunotherapy with decaris was carried out in patients with early breast cancer. 92 patients with stages I and IIA tumors (T1,2N0M0) received 300 mg decaris weekly (150 mg for 2 successive days) 2 weeks after radical mastectomy (Patey) used as a sole preventive therapy. The short (1 month) (group I), the medium (3 months) (group 2) and the long-term intermittent (three 3 month courses during 15 months) (group 3) modalities were compared. The prolonged intermittent course of decaris administration proved superior since it assured improvement in immunity and longer relapse-free survival, and lacked apparent toxicity. Five-year survival in all decaris treated patients was 93.8%, while five-year relapse-free course in group 3 was registered in 96.9%.

[Changes in sensitivity of lymphocyte cholinergic receptors in patients with breast cancer]. / Izmenenie kholinoretseptornoi chuvstvitel'nosti limfotsitov krovi bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy.

Alteration of the cholinoreceptor sensitivity of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with breast cancer was studied by the lymphocyte adhesion inhibition test (LAI-test). It has been shown that acetylcholine stimulates the LAI-reaction in optimal concentrations of 10(-7)-10(-8) M. Specific antagonists (m-cholinoblocker of atropin and n-cholinoblocker of hexonium) being used, it is demonstrated that the revealed cholinergic enhancement of the lymphocyte adherence inhibition is mediated through the stimulating influence of acetylcholine on m-cholinoreceptors. It is established that the lymphocyte cholinoreceptor sensitivity of the patients with breast cancer at the advanced stages is significantly lower than in patients with breast cancer at early stages.

[Histamine-receptor sensitivity of lymphocytes in patients with early and advanced stage breast cancer]. / Gistaminoretseptornaia chuvstvitel'nost' limfotsitov krovi bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy v rannie i pozdnie stadii.

It is established that histamine in the concentration of 10(-4)-10(-5) M possesses an inhibitory effect in the lymphocyte adherence inhibition test in patients with breast cancer. Using specific antagonists (H1-blocker dimedrol and H2-blocker cimetidine) it is shown that the revealed histaminergic suppression of the lymphocyte adherence inhibition is mediated through the stimulating influence of histamine on H2-receptors.

[Study of the participation of the alpha-chain of the LFA-1 antigen in the phenomenon of lymphocyte adherence inhibition using ICO-11 monoclonal antibodies in vitro]. / Izuchenie uchastiia al'fa-tsepi LFA-1-antigena v fenomene ingibitsii adgezii limfotsitov s pomoshch'iu monoklonal'nykh antitel IKO-11 in vitro.

The influence of monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) ICO-11 on the ability of lymphocytes from breast cancer patients to react in lymphocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) test has been studied in vitro. It has been demonstrated that Mabs ICO-11 in the dilutions 1/4 and higher blocked the reaction to tumor extracts in LAI-test, without affecting the reaction to the extracts of normal tissues and a spontaneous adhesion of lymphocytes of healthy donors as well. The addition of the control supernatants of myeloma cells X63.Ag8. 653 to the test-system in the same dilutions caused no influence upon LAI-reaction and spontaneous adhesion of lymphocytes from healthy donors. A possible participation of alpha-chains of function-associated antigens in the binding of tumor-associated antigens to T-cells in the inductive phase of the reaction of lymphocyte adherence inhibition in vitro has been suggested.

[Relation of blood serum ferritin and ferritin-bearing lymphocytes in breast cancer]. / Sootnoshenie ferritina v syvorotke krovi i ferritinnesushchikh limfotsitov pri rake molochnoi zhelezy.

The ratio of the blood serum ferritin level and the amount of ferritin-bearing lymphocytes was determined in breast cancer patients and mastopathy patients. Direct relation between a rise of blood serum ferritin concentration, a drop in the amount of ferritin-bearing cells and tumor spreading was established in breast cancer. The maximum amount of ferritin-bearing cells was present in the blood of the patients with Stage I-IIA disease. Radical mastectomy in such patients returned the blood serum ferritin level and the amount of ferritin-bearing cells to normal.

[Stimulation of the immunological reactivity of cancer patients by Eleutherococcus extract]. / Povyshenie immunologicheskoi reaktivnosti onkologicheskikh bol'nykh s pomoshch'iu ékstrakta éleuterokokka.

In vitro treatment of lymphocytes with eleutherococcal preparation produced an immune-boosting effect both in cancer patients and healthy controls. The results of a randomized study pointed to eleutherococcus' capability of stimulating general non-specific resistance and immunologic vigor in the course of cytostatic and radiation treatment for breast cancer. Since eleutherococcus is free of toxicity and allergenicity in prolonged treatment, it is indicated in patients receiving intensive antitumor therapy. Drug concentration should be tailored individually.

[Morphological and immunologic changes following intratumoral administration of alpha interferon in patients with breast cancer]. / Morfologicheskie i immunologicheskie izmeneniia pri vnutriopukholevom vvedenii al'fa-interferona u bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy.

Patients with early breast cancer received single intratumoral injections of 10,000, 100,000 or 200,000 IU alpha-interferon before radical surgery. Interferon was found to produce a dose-dependent cytotoxic and immune-boosting effect. A dose of 100,000 and 200,000 IU caused drug pathomorphosis in tumor and brought down immunologic indexes of peripheral blood. Administration of 10,000 IU stimulated T-cell-mediated immunity.

[Mechanisms, kinetics and specificity of the leukocyte adherence inhibition test in breast cancer]. / Izuchenie mekhanizmov, kinetiki i spetsifichnosti testa ingibitsii adgezii leikotsitov pri rake molochnoi zhelezy.

The simplified micromodification of the leukocyte adhesion inhibition (LAI) test has shown that the LAI tests both for lymphocytes and for leukocytes may be equally used as additional methods of diagnostics of the early stages of breast cancer. The detailed study of the kinetics and cellular mechanisms of the method has shown that the LAI reaction belongs to the earliest reactions of T-cellular immunity and is mediated by T-cell lymphokine. The study of sensitivity and specificity of the method revealed that the suggested micromodification of the LAI test may be used in experimental and clinical research for the study of the subpopulation of T-cells-producers of the LAI factor as well as for monitoring of the T-cell immunity in the cancer patients during treatment.