[Pharmacological activity echinochrome A singly and consisting of BAA "Timarin"].

Pharmacological activity of echinochrome A (EchA) alone and in the biologically active additives (BAA) "Timarin", administered per os has been investigated on volunteers. EchA decreased serum glutatione (GSH) and increased catalase activity 1 h after treatment; catalase activity normalized, while GSH exceeded the initial level 3 h after the treatment. Changes in serum lipid spectrum, demonstrating reduction of the risk atherogenesis were determined.

[A protective effect of GLY272SER polymorphism of GNB3 gene in development of essential hypertension and its relations with environmental hypertension risk factors].

AIM: To study associations of C825T (rs5443) and G272S (rs16932941) polymorphisms of GNB3 gene in Russian population of the Central Chernozem region with essential hypertension (EH) risk; to elicit the role of environmental risk factors in realization of EH predisposition in this gene genotypes carriers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied DNA samples obtained from 205 EH patients and 207 healthy individuals. EH patients were treated in Kursk hospitals. Genotyping of GNB3 gene polymorphisms was conducted by polymerase chain reaction and restriction analysis. RESULTS: Prevalence of 82ST allele of GNB3 gene in EH patients and healthy individual was 0.334 and 0.295, respectively, of 272S allele--0.037 and 0.058, respectively. We found no significant differences by prevalence of genotypes of gene GNB3 polymorphisms C825T and G272S in EH patients and healthy individuals. Non-smoking carriers of 272GS genotype had a low risk of EH (OR 0.42 in 95% CI from 0.18 to 0.97; p = 0.04). Smokers had no protective effect of this genotype. The protective effect of 272GS genotype was also found in individuals with low or moderate alcohol drinking habits (OR 0.29 in 95% CI from 0.11 to 0.77, p = 0.02) and in individuals without chronic exposure to stress (OR 0.29 in 95% CI from 0.09 to 0.91, p = 0.04). In contrast, hard drinkers and patients exposed to chronic stress had no protective effect of heterozygous genotype 272GS of gene GNB3. CONCLUSION: G272S polymorphism of GNB3 gene can be considered as a new genetic marker of predisposition to EH. The protective effect depends of environmental factors associated with high risk to develop EH.

[Rehabilitative and prophylactic measures including physical training for the correction of risk factors in patients presenting with ischemic heart disease following percutaneous coronary interventions].

The authors report the results of analysis of effectiveness of active rehabilitative and prophylactic measures undertaken at the outpatient treatment stage including long-term controlled physical training of moderate intensity in patients presenting with coronary heart disease following percutaneous coronary interventions. The emphasis was laid on the possibility to prevent traditional risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. It was shown that the proposed approach allows a few risk factors (dyslipidemia, hypodynamia, arterial hypertension, smoking, and obesity) to be simultaneously corrected.

[Evoked potentials in the brain of adolescents in norm and those with attention deficit during recognition of short-term acoustic stimuli]. / Vyzvannye potentsialy mozga u podrostkov v norme i pri defitsite vnimaniia pri reshenii zadachi raspoznavaniia akusticheskikh stimulov korotkoi dlitel'nosti.

The effect of stimulus duration on auditory event-related potentials and performance of oddball task was studied in normal children and those with attention-deficit symptoms. Mismatch negativity was absent on presentation of short-term (11 ms) stimuli and present with longer stimuli (50 ms). The adolescents with deficit of attention performed much worse (errors of omission) with the short stimuli. The RT was significantly larger in subjects with attention-deficit with all types of tested stimulus duration. They also manifested a smaller P3b amplitude in response to task-relevant deviant stimuli and larger N2b peaks in response to the standard stimuli. It was possible to differentiate between the MMN and the N2b components owing to the fact that the MMN was absent with shorter stimuli. The findings suggest that there is a deficit in processing of sensory information at the cortical level in subjects with the attention-deficit symptoms.

[The role of antioxidative status in development of the consequences of biological action under low dose and low intensity irradiation]. / Rol' antioksidantnogo statusa v formirovanii posledstvii biologicheskogo deistviia nizkointensivnogo izlucheniia v maloi doze.

The scale and direction of changes of a number of biophysical, biochemical and physiological parameters in SHK mice (male) tissues were studied depending on their initial values for mice control groups within 1 day after low intensity gamma-irradiation (15 cGy). The reciprocal dependences between the scales of the lipid antioxidative activity (AOA) in brain or the spleen mass changes and their values for mice control groups were found. The external dependences were revealed between the amounts of lipid peroxidation secondary products in spleen, liver and blood plasma of the control mice and a scale of their change after irradiation. The most substantial changes of this parameter were observed in blood plasma and the changes of the phospholipid content within the total lipid composition were found in spleen and blood erythrocytes of the irradiated mice, that is in the lipids of tissues, which had the lowest level of AOA for mice control groups. The experimental data obtained indicate that the initial antioxidant status of animal tissues plays the important role for the development of consequences of the biological action under low dose and low intensity irradiation.

[Radioprotective properties of phenoxane during low intensity low dose gamma irradiation]. / Protivoluchevye svoistva fenoksana pri nizkointensivnom gamma-obluchenii v maloi doze.

The effect of prophylactic and therapeutic administration of phenoxane on the parameters of lipid peroxidation (LPO) regulatory system in murine tissues under low intensity gamma-irradiation (15 cGy) over a wide range of the agent doses is studied in dynamics. The different pattern of the phenoxane effect depending on its dose as well as the time of administration (before or after irradiation) is revealed with physiological tests (the dynamics of leucocyte amount, the blood formula, the change in spleen mass per mouse), on biochemical level (the changes in the LPO products content in murine blood and tissues), in biophysical properties (the lipid antioxidant activity level, the rate of oxygen consumption under the initiated oxidation of ethylbenzene in the presence of lipids from the intact and experimental murine organs) and also by the analysis of variability of the biochemical and biophysical properties in tissues and blood leucocytic formula within groups of mice.

[The action of gamma radiation at different dose rates on lipid peroxidation processes in mouse tissues]. / Vozdeistvie gamma-radiatsii raznoi moshchnosti na protsessy perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov v tkaniakh myshei.

The gamma-irradiation effect (the dose was 15 cGy; the dose rates were 0.01; 0.25 and 9 cGy/min) on the status of lipid peroxidation (LPO) regulatory system parameters in SHK mice (male) organs and blood 1, 7 and 32 days after radiation was studied. The greatest changes of LPO parameters in mice blood were revealed after low intensity radiation (0.01 cGy/min). The same direction in change of the initial concentration of peroxides in erythrocyte lipids and of the secondary (TBA-reactive) LPO products content in blood plasma for all dose rate was shown. The range of the changes of lipid antioxidant activity (AOA) in brain, liver and blood erythrocytes after mice irradiation (15 cGy) was found to be compared with the range of this parameter changes after high dose acute irradiation. The changes in the same direction of lipid AOA in liver and brain during the first week after 0.25 and 9 cGy/min dose rate irradiation and in blood erythrocytes and liver during the month after 0.25 cGy/min dose rate irradiation were established. The pro-oxidant activity and high initial concentrations of spleen lipids both in the control and especially in all experimental groups were revealed. The experimental data demonstrated the different sensitivity of LPO parameters to low dose radiation action depending on the dose rate, the changes of these parameters being kept for a long time after irradiation.

[Analysis of parameters of the lipid peroxidation regulatory system in mouse organs at a later time after acute irradiation]. / Analiz parametrov sistemy reguliatsii perikisnoga okisleniia lipidov v organakh myshei v otdalennye sroki posle ostrogo oblucheniia.

The antioxidant activity (AOA) and lipid fraction composition in organs from CBA and SHK mice were determined a month after acute irradiation with doses 4.5 and 5.0 Gy, correspondingly. More high radiosensitivity of these parameters in CBA mice in comparison with SHK mice was found. The decrease in antioxidant status of liver was shown. Pro-oxidant activity of spleen lipids was found. The direct correlation (r = 0.99 +/- 0.01) between survival and AOA of lipids for SHK mice was found. The changes in lipid fraction composition, more pronounced in spleen, were revealed. Thus, prolonged disturbance of lipid peroxidation regulatory system in two murine strains was established.