RESUMO
Introduction. Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease, whose main risk factor is genetic vulnerability. Despite care of men with MBC is modeled on care of women, men's experiences with the disease and concerns related to the status of genetic mutation carrier are unique. So far, little is known concerning the psychological impact in BRCA1/2 testing, especially with regard to specific subset of individuals, such as male subjects and the elderly. METHODS: We assessed self-reported anxiety and depression levels in 26 male subjects presenting at Unit of Breast Surgery in Breast Unit of AOUI Verona (MBC patients, n = 7; high-risk unaffected subjects, n = 7; high-risk unaffected subjects. RESULTS: Among the 17 unaffected men tested, 7 (41%) received a positive test (either BRCA1 or BRCA2 pathogenic variant) and 10 (59%) a negative test. Of the 9 MBC patients tested, only one subject received a positive test result. No significant differences were observed in mean scores, mean change from baseline to follow-up, either for those with T+ or T- test results. Discussion. Genetic testing for BRCA1/2 mutation was not associated in our sample with increased level of psychological distress as measured with HADS in a short-term evaluation.
RESUMO
The Italian Society of Surgical Oncology (SICO) Breast Oncoteam developed a survey to explore the state of the art of neoadjuvant treatment for breast cancer in Italy, specifically focusing on cases treated during the two-year period 2014-2015. A questionnaire was sent to Italian Breast Units with a minimum of 150 new breast cancer cases treated/year according to the Senonetwork directory and to the SICO Breast Oncoteam Breast Unit network. A total of 23/107 Breast Units submitted the survey, reporting a total amount of 20156 cases of breast carcinoma (17241 invasive, 2915 in situ) treated in the biennium, corresponding approximately to 20% of newly diagnosed breast cancers in Italy. In the United States, medical treatment before surgery for breast cancer is indicated in about 22.7% of newly diagnosed cases according to the National Cancer Database, while a German study reported approximately 20% of cases treated with neoadjuvant therapy. In our survey, a total of 1673/17241 cases (9.7%) were treated with neoadjuvant therapy, ranging from 2.9% to 23.6% according to different centres, showing heterogeneity in neoadjuvant treatment indications, even in multidisciplinary breast units. Better resources should be engaged to achieve a standardised quality indicator for neoadjuvant treatment, and this indicator could be included among the European Society of Breast Cancer Specialists (EUSOMA) quality indicators. In the near future, we plan to develop a second survey to better test improvements in the employment of neoadjuvant therapy after the expiry of the 2016 European Parliament deadline and after the 2017 St. Gallen Conference recommendations.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/terapia , Mama/patologia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Sociedades Médicas , Oncologia Cirúrgica , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Mama/epidemiologia , Bases de Dados Factuais , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Itália/epidemiologia , Morbidade/tendências , Terapia Neoadjuvante/métodos , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Data on 2436 primary breast carcinomas diagnosed between 1992 and 2006 were collected to evaluate the rate of frozen section procedures performed over time. Frozen section procedures performed to evaluate resection margins for conservative surgery or sentinel node status were excluded. Over time, there was a decrease in the use of frozen sections indistinctly extended to all pT cancer categories. The rate of cancers diagnosed with frozen sections was 51.2% in 1999, and 0% in 2005-2006. In the same period, the adoption of cytology and core biopsy for breast cancer diagnosis increased from 40% in 1992 to more than 90% since 1999. In an audited diagnostic activity on breast pathology, the routine use of frozen sections on primary lesions was considered inappropriate, particularly in assessment of clinically non-palpable lesions, and should be limited to cases with inadequate pre-surgical sampling.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Secções Congeladas/estatística & dados numéricos , Secções Congeladas/tendências , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Estadiamento de NeoplasiasRESUMO
An efficient method for the construction of simple indolizidine and quinolizidine derivatives on solid support has been developed. An intramolecular tandem Michael reaction initiated by the nucleophilic attack of a suitably placed amino group on the tethered Wittig condensation products between 4- or 5-aminoaldehydes attached to a trityl chloride resin and 4-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]-1-(triphenylphosphoranylidene)-2-b utanon e is the key step.
Assuntos
Indolizinas/síntese química , Quinolizinas/síntese química , Desenho de Fármacos , Indicadores e Reagentes , Indolizinas/química , Modelos Moleculares , Conformação Molecular , Quinolizinas/química , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Broad is the spectrum of congenital chest wall deformities. Fortunately the severe life-threatening deformities (i.e. ectopia cordis and Jeune's disease) are rarer than the more frequent pectus excavatum and carinatum. Funnel chest is the most common anterior chest wall deformity, it results from posterior depression of the sternum and cartilages, from the third to the eighth; it occurs more frequently in boys than in girls (4:1 ratio). While the deformity may be recognizable at birth, especially during crying spells, it progressively worsens during childhood, producing, sometimes, respiratory and cardiac impairment. METHODS: The authors report their experience, from April 1970 to December 1998, in correction of Pectus Excavatum using a single surgical technique, at the Borgo Roma Hospital of Verona. During this period 51 patients (mean age 14 years) affected by this deformity, were treated performing a sterno-chondroplasty with internal fixation. Most of the patients (94%) required operation for the esthetic and psychological reasons only. The grade of funnel chest (according to the Chin Classification) was: type I in 59.6% of patients, type II in 31.4% and type III in 11.7%. The surgical technique consisted in the modification of the Ravitch's technique (subperichondrial cartilage resection, transverse osteotomy with internal stainless steel strut fixation). We considered the intervention advisable to correct an existing defect or to prevent its progression. We don't think, in fact, that spontaneous recession of the deformity may occur. RESULTS: The follow-up varied from 4 to 18 years. The result was classified according to the classification of Humphreys and it was excellent in 64.7%, good in 17.7%, fair in 9.8% and poor in 7.8%. CONCLUSIONS: This technique proved to be safe and effective, it can be performed with no mortality, very low complication rate and satisfactory results.
Assuntos
Tórax em Funil/cirurgia , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Seguimentos , Tórax em Funil/diagnóstico , Humanos , Fixadores Internos , Masculino , Fatores Sexuais , Aço Inoxidável , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Over the last few years, estrogen receptor determination by means of immunohistochemistry has been extensively used. The aim of this study was to compare this technique with estrogen receptor determination by means of dextran-coated charcoal, and to evaluate whether one of the two methods is more predictive of prognosis. Estrogen receptors were determined by means of both the dextran-coated charcoal method and immunohistochemistry in 405 patients with primary breast cancer; age, pathological tumor size, nodal status, and progesteron receptors by dextran-coated charcoal method were also recorded. The disease-free and overall survival probabilities were estimated using the product-limit method; Cox's proportional hazard model was used to evaluate the prognostic role of estrogen receptors as determined by the two methods. There appears to be a close association between estrogen receptor determination by the two methods (81.5% of concordant results) and their prognostic role was similar, even when the patients were divided into different groups (on the basis of their estrogen receptor status) and adjustments for the effect of other prognostic variables were taken into account. Our study shows that the two methods can be used indifferently to evaluate estrogen receptor status as a prognostic factor in breast cancer patients.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/ultraestrutura , Receptores de Estrogênio/análise , Anticorpos Monoclonais , Carvão Vegetal , Dextranos , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , PrognósticoRESUMO
Tolerance's evaluation of a lipid emulsion given in course of parenteral total nutrition in surgical patient's. The first fat emulsions for intravenous application were thrown on the market in the 1920's years. Authors make a study on a limited sample of surgical patients about type and incidence of both immediate and late adverse reactions versus intravenous administration of Lipofundin S. They also suggest, on the same time, a protocol for the survey of these reactions. The results suggest a good tolerance to Lipofundin S intravenous administration and no influence on haematic biochemical parameters.
Assuntos
Emulsões Gordurosas Intravenosas/efeitos adversos , Glicerol/efeitos adversos , Nutrição Parenteral Total , Fosfolipídeos/efeitos adversos , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios , Óleo de Soja/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Idoso , Combinação de Medicamentos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Authors report a case of perforated splenic flexure volvulus, treated with resection, end colostomy and closure of the distal stump. From the revision of literature it comes out the case reported is the 30th recorded till now, the 6th with ischemic complications, and the only one with perforation. Actual pathogenetic trends and various therapeutic options are reported.
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Doenças do Colo/cirurgia , Obstrução Intestinal/cirurgia , Colostomia , Humanos , Perfuração Intestinal/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Estrogen and progesterone receptor status was reviewed in 405 patients from prior adjuvant breast cancer trials at the University of Verona. Only 233 patients were actually examined with respect to hormone status and outcome. No relationship between hormone receptor status and most of the commonly followed prognostic signs, i.e. tumor size, nodal status, and age, was found. Overall survival was correlated with hormone receptor positivity for patients with more than 4 positive axillary nodes. Disease-free survival was correlated only with PgR positivity, in premenopausal and in T1 groups.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Receptores de Estrogênio/metabolismo , Receptores de Progesterona/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Metástase Linfática , Menopausa , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Análise de SobrevidaRESUMO
The protection by pyroglutamic acid (CAS 98-79-3) and derivatives Ia-i (injected i.p.) against glutamate- and NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) (i.c.v.) induced seizures in mice has been studied in comparison with known antiepileptics and antagonists of excitatory aminoacids. The potency of pyroglutamic acid and some derivatives (Id,f,g,h) against glutamate-induced convulsions was similar to that shown by glutamic acid diethylester and by valproic acid. Interestingly, pyroglutamic acid did not affect NMDA-induced convulsions which were well antagonized by both 2-amino-5-phosphono valeric acid and by diazepam. Thus, pyroglutamic acid may represent the starting for synthesis of excitatory aminoacid antagonists acting at non NMDA receptors.
Assuntos
Anticonvulsivantes , Glutamatos , Ácido Pirrolidonocarboxílico/análogos & derivados , Ácido Pirrolidonocarboxílico/farmacologia , Convulsões/prevenção & controle , Animais , Comportamento Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácido Glutâmico , Indicadores e Reagentes , Injeções Intraperitoneais , Injeções Intraventriculares , Masculino , Camundongos , Atividade Motora/efeitos dos fármacos , N-Metilaspartato , Ácido Pirrolidonocarboxílico/síntese química , Convulsões/induzido quimicamenteAssuntos
Adenoma , Coristoma , Neoplasias Esofágicas , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço , Neoplasias do Mediastino , Glândulas Paratireoides , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide , Adenoma/patologia , Adenoma/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Coristoma/cirurgia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patologia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/cirurgia , Feminino , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/patologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias do Mediastino/patologia , Neoplasias do Mediastino/cirurgia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Glândulas Paratireoides/patologia , Glândulas Paratireoides/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/cirurgiaAssuntos
Adenoma/cirurgia , Carcinoma/cirurgia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/cirurgia , Adenoma/diagnóstico , Adulto , Idoso , Carcinoma/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Bócio Nodular/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/diagnósticoAssuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias da Mama/análise , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Castração , Terapia Combinada , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Mastectomia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Receptores de Estradiol/análise , Receptores de Progesterona/análise , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Prostaglandin (PG) E1 and chemically related compounds 15 alpha-11-deoxy-8-azaPGE1 and 15 epi-11-deoxy-8-azaPGE1 were examined in vitro for their capacity to modulate some physiological functions of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). PGE1 was completely devoid of chemotactic activity and did not affect leukocyte phagocytosis. On the contrary, 15 alpha-11-deoxy-8-azaPGE1 showed a potent leukotactic activity. In addition, this synthetic substance significantly depressed the phagocytic activity and the concomitant NBT reduction by leukocytes. The analogue 15 epi-11-deoxy-8-azaPGE1 did not exert any of these effects. From these results it appeared that the substitution of the carbon-8 by the nitrogen and the lack of hydroxyl group at the position 11 into the PGE1 structure, make the compound active towards human neutrophils.
Assuntos
Neutrófilos/efeitos dos fármacos , Prostaglandinas E Sintéticas/farmacologia , Alprostadil , Inibição de Migração Celular , Células Cultivadas , Quimiotaxia de Leucócito/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Nitroazul de Tetrazólio , Fagocitose/efeitos dos fármacos , Prostaglandinas E/farmacologiaRESUMO
New nitrogen analogues of prostaglandins (11, 11a, 12, and 12a) have been synthesized starting from a 4,5-disubstituted 2-pyrrolidinone nucleus (5 and 5a) containing one side chain and a suitable functionality for elaborating the second one. These analogues had no better activity than natural prostaglandins in vitro [guinea pig ileum and trachea, rat stomach fundus strip, uterus and portal vein, ADP-induced guinea pig platelet-rich plasma (PRP) aggregation]. They similarly lacked any interesting activity in vivo [anesthetized rat blood pressure, stress, and acetylsalycilic acid (ASA) induced gastric lesions in rat].
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Prostaglandinas Sintéticas/síntese química , Animais , Fenômenos Químicos , Química , Cobaias , Técnicas In Vitro , Contração Muscular/efeitos dos fármacos , Músculo Liso/efeitos dos fármacos , Agregação Plaquetária/efeitos dos fármacos , Prostaglandinas E/farmacologia , Prostaglandinas Sintéticas/farmacologia , Pirrolidinonas/síntese química , Pirrolidinonas/farmacologia , RatosRESUMO
The incidence of thyroid diseases was evaluated in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism subjected to parathyroidectomy. Eleven patients (26.8%) were affected in this way: 2 with carcinoma, 5 with nodular goitre, and 4 with adenoma. The possible reasons for associations of this kind are discussed, and it is suggested that their high frequency points to a relationship of cause and affect.
Assuntos
Hiperparatireoidismo/complicações , Doenças da Glândula Tireoide/etiologia , Adenoma/diagnóstico , Adenoma/etiologia , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Feminino , Bócio Nodular/diagnóstico , Bócio Nodular/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Doenças da Glândula Tireoide/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/etiologiaRESUMO
The synthesis of 2-(trans-3-hydroxy-1-octenyl)-3-indoleheptanoic acid (1) is described. The title compound appeared to show a weak prostaglandin-like activity in two different systems. It contracted rat stomach fundus strips and guinea-pig ileum preparations only at concentrations about 10(3)- and 10(2)-fold higher, respectively, than PGE1. Moreover, it stimulated adenylate cyclase from rat liver plasma membrane, but the relative potency was 4--5 X 10(2)-fold lower than the natural compound. The title compound showed also a certain degree of PGE1 antagonism.