Intestinal microbiome characterization of adult Brazilian men with psoriasis compared to omnivore and vegetarian controls.

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with systemic inflammation and comorbidities. Changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiome are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases and metabolic syndrome. Characterizing the intestinal microbiome of patients with psoriasis may be relevant for the understanding of its clinical course and comorbidity prevention. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the intestinal microbiome of men with psoriasis compared to omnivore and vegetarian controls (without psoriasis). METHOD: Cross-sectional study of 42 adult males: 21 omnivores with psoriasis; and controls: 14 omnivores and 7 vegetarian individuals. The characterization of the intestinal microbiome was performed by metagenomic analysis. Serum levels of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LPB) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were evaluated. RESULTS: The groups differed from each other regarding nutritional aspects and microbiome; individuals with psoriasis had a higher consumption of protein and lower consumption of fibers. Levels of LPB, CRP, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio were higher in the group with psoriasis than in the vegetarian group (p<0.05). The genera Prevotella, Mogibacterium, Dorea, Bifidobacterium and Coprococcus, differed in the group with psoriasis compared to vegetarians; the genera Mogibacterium, Collinsella and Desulfovibrio differed from omnivores. A microbiome pattern linked to psoriasis (plsPSO) was identified, which was associated with higher LPB levels (rho=0.39; p=0.02), and lower dietary fiber intake (rho=-0.71; p<0.01). STUDY LIMITATIONS: Only adult men were evaluated. CONCLUSION: A difference was identified in the intestinal microbiome of adult men with psoriasis when compared to healthy omnivores and vegetarian controls. The identified microbiome pattern was correlated with dietary fiber intake and serum levels of LPB.

Intestinal microbiome characterization of adult Brazilian men with psoriasis compared to omnivore and vegetarian controls

Abstract Background Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with systemic inflammation and comorbidities. Changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiome are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases and metabolic syndrome. Characterizing the intestinal microbiome of patients with psoriasis may be relevant for the understanding of its clinical course and comorbidity prevention. Objective To characterize the intestinal microbiome of men with psoriasis compared to omnivore and vegetarian controls (without psoriasis). Method Cross-sectional study of 42 adult males: 21 omnivores with psoriasis; and controls: 14 omnivores and 7 vegetarian individuals. The characterization of the intestinal microbiome was performed by metagenomic analysis. Serum levels of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LPB) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were evaluated. Results The groups differed from each other regarding nutritional aspects and microbiome; individuals with psoriasis had a higher consumption of protein and lower consumption of fibers. Levels of LPB, CRP, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio were higher in the group with psoriasis than in the vegetarian group (p < 0.05). The genera Prevotella, Mogibacterium, Dorea, Bifidobacterium and Coprococcus, differed in the group with psoriasis compared to vegetarians; the genera Mogibacterium, Collinsella and Desulfovibrio differed from omnivores. A microbiome pattern linked to psoriasis (plsPSO) was identified, which was associated with higher LPB levels (rho = 0.39; p = 0.02), and lower dietary fiber intake (rho = −0.71; p < 0.01). Study limitations Only adult men were evaluated. Conclusion A difference was identified in the intestinal microbiome of adult men with psoriasis when compared to healthy omnivores and vegetarian controls. The identified microbiome pattern was correlated with dietary fiber intake and serum levels of LPB.

Impacto da Pandemia (COVID-19) no comportamento alimentar e rotina de atividade física, no Brasil: um inquérito baseado na internet / Impact of the pandemic (COVID-19) on eating behavior and physical activity routine in Brazil: an internet-based survey

Redução da mobilidade e de contato interpessoal foram recomendados à população para controle da pandemia (COVID-19). O objetivo foi dimensionar os principais efeitos quanto ao hábito alimentar, atividade física e alteração do peso de brasileiros. Estudo transversal, a partir de dados coletados de inquérito na Internet. Foram representadas prevalências nas alterações de ingesta alimentar e de atividade física; padrões dietéticos revelados por análise de cluster e os fatores associados à variação do peso por modelo linear generalizado. Foram avaliados 2.907 participantes, 75% mulheres, idade média de 42 anos. A comparação do peso antes da pandemia, mostrou que 11% dos eutróficos tornaram-se sobrepeso, 23% evoluíram para obesidade e 40% dos que eram ativos, tornaram-se sedentários. Aumentou o consumo de pães, doces, chocolate e vinho. O ganho de peso foi associado à maior faixa etária, sedentarismo, exercício de baixa intensidade, menor escolaridade, dieta ocidental e carboidrato simples. Os principais fatores emocionais relatados foram: ansiedade, medo, estresse, depressão, indisposição, dificuldade para dormir, inatividade física, compulsão alimentar e alteração de humor. Os resultados apontam mudanças no estilo de vida decorrentes da restrição social que implicam em risco para saúde: aumento de peso, sedentarismo, consumo de álcool e dieta com alta densidade energética.

Reduced mobility and interpersonal contacts were recommended to the entire population for the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this study was to measure the main effects of this social restriction in terms of eating habits, physical activity, and weight change, of Brazilians. This is a cross-sectional study, based on data collected from an Internet survey. The prevalence of changes in food intake and physical activity was represented. Dietary patterns were revealed using hierarchical cluster analysis. The factors associated with the variation in body weight were explored using a generalized linear model. 2,907 participants were evaluated, 75% of whom were female, and the mean age (sd) was 42 (14) years. As for body weight compared to before the pandemic, 11% of eutrophic people became overweight; and 23% of those who were already overweight, progressed to obesity. As for the practice of physical activity, 40% of those who were active, became sedentary. The foods with the greatest increase in consumption were bread (40%), sweets (39%), chocolate (30%) and wine (27%). Body weight gain was associated with a higher age group, physical inactivity, low-intensity physical activities, less education, adherence to Western standard diets, and simple carbohydrates (p≤0.01). Factors related to lifestyle changes in the pandemic have been reported, such as: anxiety, fear, stress, depression, malaise, change in family and work routine, difficulty sleeping, physical inactivity, binge eating, insecurity, increased work and change in mood. The results point to changes in lifestyle resulting from social restriction that imply health risk: weight gain, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption, and high energy density diet.

Dietary patterns of patients with psoriasis at a public healthcare institution in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease with systemic repercussions and an association with comorbidities such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, and obesity. Psoriasis patients have a higher prevalence of obesity compared to the general population. Diet is a relevant environmental factor, since malnutrition, inadequate body weight, and metabolic diseases, in addition to the direct health risk, impair the treatment of psoriasis. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate food intake patterns, anthropometric, and metabolic syndrome-related aspects in psoriasis patients. METHODS: Cross-sectional study through anthropometric assessment and food frequency questionnaire. Food frequency questionnaire items were evaluated by exploratory factor analysis and identified dietary patterns were analyzed by multivariate methods. RESULTS: This study evaluated 94 patients, 57% female, with a mean age of 54.9 years; the prevalence of obesity was 48% and of metabolic syndrome, 50%. Factor analysis of the food frequency questionnaire identified two dietary patterns: Pattern 1 - predominance of processed foods; Pattern 2 - predominance of fresh foods. Multivariate analysis revealed that Patterns 1 and 2 showed inverse behaviors, and greater adherence to Pattern 2 was associated with females, eutrophic individuals, absence of lipid and blood pressure alterations, and lower waist-to-hip ratio and skin disease activity. STUDY LIMITATIONS: Monocentric study conducted at a public institution, dependent on dietary memory. CONCLUSION: Two dietary patterns were identified in a Brazilian sample of psoriasis patients. The prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome were greater than in the adult Brazilian population. The fresh diet was associated with lower indicators of metabolic syndrome in this sample.