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Rev. Fac. Med. UNAM ; 65(3): 40-57, may.-jun. 2022. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1387329

RESUMO

Resumen El modelo biomédico para enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles considera que los enfermos deben responder automáticamente a una prescripción. Sin embargo, esto conduce al enfermo a confrontarse con su grupo social, debido a que una fuerza invisible y controladora lo configura y conduce a desarrollar una disposición contraria a la requerida en el plan de tratamiento, este elemento se conoce como cultura. El propósito del presente artículo es exhortar a la reflexión sobre la influencia de la cultura en el descontrol de este tipo de enfermedades. Se propone diferenciar entre enfermedad y padecimiento, denominando paciente a la persona cuando se atienda la enfermedad y padeciente cuando se atienda el padecimiento. Por tanto, atender al padeciente implica considerar preocupaciones, miedos, creencias, expectativas, emociones y sentimientos, así como las repercusiones de la enfermedad en la vida. Para demostrar esta afirmación se describe cómo conceptualizamos cultura, cuál es su función y por qué es imprescindible intervenir en el contexto sociocultural del padeciente.


Abstract The biomedical model for chronic non-communicable diseases considers that people with the disease must respond automatically to their medical prescription. However, this leads to a confrontation of sick people against their social group since an invisible and controlling force shapes and leads the patient into developing a disposition opposed to their required treatment plan, this element is better known as culture. The purpose of this study is to encourage reflection about the influence of culture in the lack of control regarding this type of diseases. It is proposed to differentiate between disease and illness, calling patient when treating the disease and sufferer when treating the illness. Hence, treating the sufferer includes considering worries, fears, beliefs, expectations, emotions, and feelings, as well as repercussions of the disease on their life. To proof this statement, the concept of culture is described and conceptualized, as well as its function, and why it is of vital importance to intervene in the socio-cultural context of the sufferer.

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