RESUMO
The record of SSPE cases diagnosed immunochemically and serologically in our laboratory, standing for about 60% of the total new cases reported in our country, shows a significant decrease in the incidence in 1988-89 (from 5.21 new cases per year per million total population in 1987 to 1.82 cases in 1988). In 85% of the patients, SSPE onset occurred at the age of 10 years or more, suggesting the possibility of a primary measles infection before anti-measles immunization became compulsory. High serum and CSF anti-measles antibody titres in recently diagnosed patients show subclinical long-term courses. Further serologic tests for viruses inducing persistent infections (herpes viruses, AgHBs and HIV) do not show any difference when compared to a control group excepting an increased incidence of anti-cytomegalic titres.
Assuntos
Vacina contra Sarampo/imunologia , Panencefalite Esclerosante Subaguda/epidemiologia , Fatores Etários , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Anticorpos Anti-HIV/sangue , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite B/sangue , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/sangue , Herpesviridae/imunologia , Humanos , Incidência , Romênia/epidemiologia , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Panencefalite Esclerosante Subaguda/imunologia , Panencefalite Esclerosante Subaguda/prevenção & controle , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The present paper is a histological, histochemical and electron microscopic study of biopsied specimens from both right and left Achilles tendon, sural nerve and gastrocnemius muscle in a case of peripheral neuropathy with decreased sensory conduction velocity within a cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis confirmed biochemically in a 29-year-old woman. The tendon specimens contained large deposits of complex, non-homogeneous lipids, distributed intra- and extracellularly. The right sural nerve specimen showed a very severe neuropathy with massive diffuse myelinated fiber loss, presence of foamy macrophages and lipid droplets in Schwann cells. Segmental de- and remyelination was noted in 17% of the teased myelinated fibers. No onion bulbs were observed. Two years later, the left sural nerve specimen revealed a mild diffuse myelinated fiber loss, a more active segmental de- and remyelination (23%) without onion bulbs, and an active regeneration. Lipid storage aspects were absent. The gastrocnemius muscle specimens exhibited slight alterations of neurogenic origin. The pathogenesis of this neuropathy is discussed.
Assuntos
Axônios/patologia , Lipídeos/análise , Degeneração Neural , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/patologia , Células de Schwann/ultraestrutura , Xantomatose/patologia , Tendão do Calcâneo/análise , Tendão do Calcâneo/ultraestrutura , Adulto , Biópsia , Feminino , Humanos , Músculos/análise , Músculos/ultraestrutura , Células de Schwann/metabolismo , Nervo Sural/análise , Nervo Sural/ultraestruturaRESUMO
A number of 632 new cases of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) could be detected during a 10-year survey. The continuous increase in the number of annual cases suggests a possible correlation with the changes induced in measles epidemiology by the initiation of compulsory vaccination. On the other hand, a comparison of epidemiological and serological characteristics revealed significant differences between the series of SSPE cases recorded in the period preceding and in that following measles vaccination.