[Spectral Analysis of Sway of Human Body When Standing on Firm and Compliant Surfaces under Different Visual Conditions.]

The influence of different visual conditions on maintenance of vertical posture when standing on a firm and a compliant surface were compared. Motionless visual environment (MVE), closed eyes (CE) and virtual visual environment (VVE) were used as visual conditions. Displayed VVE included foreground and background. The foreground represented a room window with the walls adjoining to it, and the background - an aqueduct with the adjacent terrain. Destabilization of the VVE was produced by assignmentinphase or anti-phase relationship between the position of the foreground of visual scene and the body sway. We estimated changes in the amplitude spectra of two elementary variables calculated from trajectories of displacement of the center of pressure (CoP) in the anteroposterior and lateral directions, namely, trajectories of the center of gravity (CG variable) and differences between trajectories of CoP and CG (CoP-CG variable). The trajectory of CG was considered as a controlled variable, and a difference between CoP and CG trajectories - as the variable connected with acceleration of body and related to changes of resultant stiffness in ankle joints. In the condition of inphaserelation RMS of spectra of the CG variable were about the same, as when standing with CE, and RMS of spectra of the CoP-CG variable were significantly less, than at CE. When standing on acompliantsurface, body sway was increased significantly both in anteroposterior and lateral directions under all visual conditions. Moreover, during standing with CE RMS ofspectra of both variables were increased significantly more, than during standing with in phaserelation between the foreground of visual scene and the body sway. Furthermore, when standing on a compliant support RMS of spectra of CG variable, calculated from the body sway in the lateral direction, under the condition of antiphase relation were significantly greater than under the condition of inphaserelation, while RMS of spectra of CoP-CG variable had similar values underboth conditions. The results of the analysis of body sway showed that under somevisual conditions the transition from standing on a firm support to the standing on acompliant support have not causeda propor- tional change of amplitude characteristics of CG and CoP-CG variables. It is supposed that the revealed disproportion of changes of these two variables is probably connected with a contribution to posturalcontrol of one additional factor: the passive elastic component of muscular-articular stiffness generated by fascial-tendon tissue.

Inversionless amplification by anisotropic molecules.

Switching from opaque via transparent to a strongly amplifying state is shown to be possible for molecular media without a change in the noninverted population of their energy levels.

Coherence-controlled transparency and far-from-degenerate parametric gain in a strongly absorbing Doppler-broadened medium.

An inversionless gain of anti-Stokes radiation above the oscillation threshold in an optically dense far-from-degenerate double- ? Doppler-broadened medium accompanied by Stokes gain is predicted. The outcomes are illustrated with numerical simulations applied to sodium dimer vapor. Optical switching from absorption to gain via transparency controlled by a small variation of the medium and of the driving radiation parameters, which are at a level of less than one photon per molecule, is shown.

[A surgical method for treating mandibular fractures]. / Operativnyi metod lecheniia perelomov nizhnei cheliusti.

The authors analyze the results of treatment of 60 patients with mandibular fractures, in whose treatment an improved V. V. Donskoi's method was used. Types of mandibular fractures are described, as are methods of treatment. The results were encouraging. No complications were recorded in the postoperative period. The authors claim that the modified method they used is simple, physiologic, sufficiently well fixes the bone fragments, and creates good conditions for reparative osteogenesis, and can therefore be recommended for wide practice.

[Pathogenesis of Marcus Gunn palpebro-mandibular synkinesis]. / K patognezu pal'pebro-mandibuliarnoi sinkinezii Markus Gunna.

Three patients with Marcus Gunn's synkinesis were examined. The clinical variants and time-course of synkinesis are offered. Factors provoking synkinesis manifestations are considered. Various hypotheses of the etiology of Marcus Gunn's synkinesis are compared. Palpebro-mandibular synkinesis may be considered as a return to the primitive kinetics and actualization of the normal links of the phylogenetic past.

[Use of chromatography on a poly U-cellulose column for isolating eukaryote messenger RNAs]. / Primenenie khromatografii na poli-U-tselliuloznoi kolonke dlia vydeleniia informatsionnykh RNK éukariotov

The methods are described for increasing the flow rate of the column. The data are aduced, permitting to determine the capacity of the column, and optimal conditions for specific sorbtion with individual rabbit globin mRNA as an example.