Eficácia In Vitro De Extratos De Chenopodium Ambrosioides Sobre Teleóginas De Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) Microplus / In vitro efficacy of Chenopodium ambrosioides extracts on Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus engorged females

Chenopodium ambrosioides L. (Amaranthaceae) (erva-de-santa-maria) é uma planta fortemente aromática usada popularmente por suas propriedades antiparasitárias.Avaliou-se com este estudo a eficácia in vitro de extratos hidroetanólicos de C. ambrosioides sobre a postura e a eclodibilidade larval de Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini, 1888) (Acari: Ixodidae), usando o teste de imersão de fêmeas ingurgitadas adultas.Os tratamentos foram constituídos por extratos feitos com 5%, 10% e 25% de C. ambrosioides (massa/volume), água destilada e veículo (constituído de propilenoglicol a 5%, etanol a 25% e água destilada). Dez teleóginas foram distribuídas de forma homogênea para cada grupo e imersas por 5 minutos em cada um dos extratos testados. Os extratos feitos com 5%, 10% e 25% de C. ambrosioides apresentaram eficácias médias de 13,27%, 22,56% e 31,87%, respectivamente. Estes resultados indicam que, nas concentrações usadas, os extratos de C. ambrosioides não apresentam potencial para o controle das cepas pesquisadas de R. (B.) microplus.

In vitro efficacy of Chenopodium ambrosioides extracts on Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus engorged females. Chenopodium ambrosioides L. (Amaranthaceae) (wormseed) is a strongly aromatic plant employed popularly for its antiparasitic properties. This study evaluated the in vitro efficacy on laying and hatchability of eggs of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini, 1888) (Acari: Ixodidae) of hydroethanolic extracts from C. ambrosioides, using the adult immersion test. The treatments consisted of hydroethanolic extracts made with 5%, 10% and 25% of C. ambrosioides (weight/volume), distilled water and vehicle solution (consisting of propylene glycol at 5%, ethanol at 25% and distilled water). Ten ticks were distributed evenly for each group and immersed for 5 minutes in each of the tested extracts. The extracts containing 5%, 10% and 25% of C. ambrosioides showed average efficacies 13.27%, 22.56% and 31.87% respectively. These results indicate that extracts of C. ambrosioides, at the concentrations used, do not present potential for the control of the R. (B.) microplus strains researched.

The control of infection in general surgery: a four-year prospective study in Brazil.

On January 1, 1977 a prospective study of the control of infection was initiated in the Division of General Surgery of the Federal University of Pernambuco and continues to the present day. The results of the first four years of this study are assessed in this paper. In the period from January 1, 1977 to December 31, 1980 1,636 patients were submitted to surgery, whose operations were classified as clean, clean-contaminated, contaminated and dirty. The number of infections was studied in relation to the type of operation. Other parameters studied included etiology, bacterial sensitivity, infection related to the six surgical groups functioning in the division and to the indication for elective or emergency surgery, respiratory infection, respiratory infection related to the anesthetist who administered the general anesthesia and wound infection in relation to the surgeon who performed the operation. The overall mortality was 2.64% and the percentage of necropsies carried out was 72%. Among the fatalities, sepsis was the predominant cause of death, accounting for 41% of the cases. The authors conclude that the control of infection is fundamental to the education of the medical and paramedical community and is to be regarded as a quality control of the service provided by the division of surgery. It should also be extended to the outpatient department and be accompanied by necropsy on the majority of the patients who fail to survive the operation.

The control of postoperative infection in general surgery.

The results of a prospective study of infection control carried out in the Division of Abdominal Surgery of the Federal University of Pernambuco over a two year period are presented. A total of 760 patients operated on by the various teams of the Division were studied and rates of wound, respiratory and urinary infection were analyzed together with their relationship to the types of surgery performed. The etiology and antibiotic sensitivity of the main etiologic agents are also presented, plus a comparison of the results obtained with data found in the literature.

Infeccao pos-operatoria na esquistossomose hepatoesplencia. / Postoperative infection in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis

Os autores estudaram 1.339 pacientes submetidos a cirurgias limpas, limpas com contaminacao, contaminadas e infectadas. Entre estes pacientes, estudaram separadamente pacientes com hipertensao portal esquistossomatica para analise comparativa com outras patologias, submetidas a cirurgias equivalentes. Os autores concluiram que pacientes com hipertensao portal esquistossomatica apresentam um risco de infeccao significativamente maior que outros pacientes

Mortalidade pos-operatoria em cirurgia geral. / Postoperative mortality in general surgery

Os autores estudaram 1.233 pacientes operados no Servico de Cirurgia Abdominal da UFPE no periodo de 1/1/77 a 31/12/79. Nos anos de 1977 e 1978, foram operados 754 pacientes sendo a mortalidade de 2.65% e necropsiados 70% dos casos. A sepsis foi responsavel por 45% dos obitos. Em 1979 foram operados 479 pacientes, sendo a mortalidade de 2,29% e necropsiados 72% dos casos. A sepsis foi responsavel por 27% dos obitos. A reducao da mortalidade e da sepsis nao foram estatisticamente significantes