High carrier frequency for abetalipoproteinemia and evidence of a founder variant in a French-Canadian population.

Abetalipoproteinemia (ABL) is a rare recessive genetic disease caused by bi-allelic pathogenic variants in the microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) gene. This disease is characterized by a deficiency in the secretion of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins. Patients with ABL present with neurological, hematological, and gastrointestinal symptoms due to fat malabsorption and a deficiency in liposoluble vitamins. In this report, we present a total of four ABL cases, including three new cases, all originating from the same French-Canadian founder population in Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, Québec, Canada. These individuals are homozygous for the same pathogenic variant in the MTTP gene (c.419dup, p.Asn140Lysfs*2). We found that this variant is more common than anticipated in this population, with an estimated carrier frequency of 1:203. Early diagnosis is essential to initiate treatment known to prevent complications associated with ABL. Population carrier screening or newborn screening for ABL should be considered in this French-Canadian founder population.

The 20-Year Diagnostic Odyssey of a Milder Form of Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis.

Tendinous xanthomas are usually a sign of genetic dyslipidemias and are said to be pathognomonic for familial hypercholesterolemia. However, the differential diagnosis must also include rarer forms of genetic dyslipidemias such as cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX). In this report, we present the diagnostic odyssey of a French-Canadian patient presenting with Achilles tendon xanthomas and an unusual mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia. Comprehensive biochemical and genetic investigations confirmed the diagnosis of CTX, 20 years after the onset of her first symptoms. We also describe a new variant in the CYP27A1 gene associated with this atypical case and expand the clinical phenotype of this rare genetic condition. CTX is thought to be underdiagnosed, and early diagnosis and treatment of this disease is essential as it has been shown to greatly improve the patient's symptoms and prognosis.

Challenges and facilitators in the experience of caregiving for an older adult with traumatic brain injury: A longitudinal qualitative study in the first-year postinjury.

PURPOSE: To obtain a better understanding of the factors which complicate or facilitate the adjustment of caregivers after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in older adults. RESEARCH METHOD: At 4, 8, and 12 months post-TBI (mild to severe), 65 caregivers answered two open-ended questions regarding facilitators and challenges linked to the injury of their loved one. A thematic analysis was performed. RESULTS: Participants mentioned almost as many facilitators as challenges at each time point. Among the facilitators, we found the following themes: receiving social support, having access to rehabilitation, improvement of the injured loved one's health condition, returning to live at home, having access to home services, feeling useful, effective communication, and having time for oneself. The challenges identified were: health issues in the injured loved one, psychological impact on the caregiver, assuming a new role, relationship strain, and decrease in activities and outings. CONCLUSIONS: During the first year following TBI in older adults, caregivers were able to identify several facilitators despite the presence of challenging factors, suggesting effective coping and resilience. This knowledge can guide potential caregivers in their adaptation after TBI in an older adult, and we propose a simple tool to support this process. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Managing challenging behaviours in adults with traumatic brain injury: A scoping review of technology-based interventions.

Challenging behaviours are one of the most serious sequelae after a traumatic brain injury (TBI). These chronic behaviours must be managed to reduce the associated burden for caregivers, and people with TBI. Though technology-based interventions have shown potential for managing challenging behaviours, no review has synthesised evidence of technology aided behaviour management in the TBI population. The objective of this scoping review was to explore what technology-based interventions are being used to manage challenging behaviours in people with TBI. Two independent reviewers analysed 3505 studies conducted between 2000 and 2023. Studies were selected from five databases using search strategies developed in collaboration with a university librarian. Sixteen studies were selected. Most studies used biofeedback and mobile applications, primarily targeting emotional dysregulation. These technologies were tested in a variety of settings. Two interventions involved both people with TBI and their family caregivers. This review found that technology-based interventions have the potential to support behavioural management, though research and technology development is at an early stage. Future research is needed to further develop technology-based interventions that target diverse challenging behaviours, and to document their effectiveness and acceptability for use by people with TBI and their families.

Design of Instructional Videos for People with Autism Who Want to Learn About Grocery Store Work: A Community, Business, Educational and Health Partnership.

To facilitate the integration of people with autism into the food industry labour market, this cross sectoral project aimed to design, validate and test instructional videos to concretely demonstrate various tasks in the grocery store, and to probe interest and assess knowledge about these tasks. Results are the delivery of 21 instructional videos validated for individuals with autism and 21 for mentors in grocery.

Subjective and objective burden and psychological distress in care partners of older adults with traumatic brain injury.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE: In care partners of older persons (65 years and older) having sustained traumatic brain injury (TBI), the objectives were (a) to describe subjective burden (emotional, social, financial, and physical burden), objective burden (new roles and responsibilities), and psychological distress at 4 months postinjury, and (b) to explore the predictors of subjective burden and psychological distress. RESEARCH METHOD/DESIGN: This is an observational study of care partners of older adults with TBI (n = 46; Mage = 65.2 years, SD = 11.2, 87% female). Participants completed the Zarit Burden Interview, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Brain Injury Complaint Questionnaire (measuring difficulties of the injured older adult perceived by the care partner), and the modified Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey. RESULTS: A majority of care partners (88%) reported at least one form of objective burden (e.g., increased/decreased time spent in certain activities post-TBI), 29% perceived at least mild subjective burden, and 27% reported either significant anxiety or depressive symptoms. Linear regressions indicated that a higher number of difficulties reported regarding the injured person and poorer perceived social support predicted higher subjective burden and psychological distress. A younger age of the care partner also predicted a higher subjective burden. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS: This study provides a better understanding of the potential impacts of TBI in older age for care partners. Future research should examine how to support adequately care partners in their psychological adaptation after TBI in an elderly person. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Use of smartphones and tablets after acquired brain injury to support cognition.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the use of mobile devices after acquired brain injury (ABI), from the perspectives of injured individuals and significant others, and to examine factors associated with mobile device use for cognition. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 50 adults with moderate/severe traumatic brain injury or stroke (42% women; mean of 50.7 years old, 4.6 years post-ABI), and 24 significant others. Participants completed questionnaires on mobile technology, cognitive functioning and the impact of technology. RESULTS: Of 45/50 adults with ABI who owned a smartphone/tablet, 31% reported difficulties in using their device post-injury, 44% had received support, and 46% were interested in further training. Significant others reported motor/visual impairments and the fear of becoming dependent on technology as barriers for mobile device use, and 65% mentioned that their injured relative needed additional support. Mobile device use for cognition was common (64%), predicted in a regression model by lower subjective memory and more positive perception of the psychosocial impacts of technology, and also associated in univariate analyses with younger age, lower executive functioning, and greater use of memory strategies. CONCLUSION: Using mobile devices for cognition is common post-ABI but remains challenging for a significant proportion. Developing training approaches may help supporting technology use.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONUsing mobile electronic devices (smartphones and tablets) is common after acquired brain injury (ABI) but is challenging for a significant proportion of individuals.After the ABI, close to 50% of individuals receive support in using their mobile device, mostly from family members and friends, but rarely from rehabilitation clinicians or technology specialists.In a sample of 50 adults with ABI, more frequent use of mobile devices to support cognition was associated with poorer subjective memory and executive functioning, greater use of memory strategies, more positive perception of the psychosocial impacts of technology, and younger age.

Testing candidate genes linked to corolla shape variation of a pollinator shift in Rhytidophyllum (Gesneriaceae).

Floral adaptations to specific pollinators like corolla shape variation often result in reproductive isolation and thus speciation. But despite their ecological importance, the genetic bases of corolla shape transitions are still poorly understood, especially outside model species. Hence, our goal was to identify candidate genes potentially involved in corolla shape variation between two closely related species of the Rhytidophyllum genus (Gesneriaceae family) from the Antilles with contrasting pollination strategies. Rhytidophyllum rupincola has a tubular corolla and is strictly pollinated by hummingbirds, whereas R. auriculatum has more open flowers and is pollinated by hummingbirds, bats, and insects. We surveyed the literature and used a comparative transcriptome sequence analysis of synonymous and non-synonymous nucleotide substitutions to obtain a list of genes that could explain floral variation between R. auriculatum and R. rupincola. We then tested their association with corolla shape variation using QTL mapping in a F2 hybrid population. Out of 28 genes tested, three were found to be good candidates because of a strong association with corolla shape: RADIALIS, GLOBOSA, and JAGGED. Although the role of these genes in Rhytidophyllum corolla shape variation remains to be confirmed, these findings are a first step towards identifying the genes that have been under selection by pollinators and thus involved in reproductive isolation and speciation in this genus.

Challenges and Strategies to Adapt the Provision of Support Services to Older Adults and Caregivers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Perspective of Community Organizations.

This study documented the provision of services and issues experienced by community organizations supporting older adults and caregivers in the province of Quebec during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, as well as promising strategies to adapt the provision of services in this context. A cross-sectional electronic survey using open- and closed-ended questions was conducted in July 2020. Almost three-quarters of the 307 respondents (71.4%) reported having maintained services at least partially throughout the lockdown, and the majority (85.3%) adapted their services. Among key challenges, participants reported difficulties identifying and supporting older adults at greater risk of vulnerability (54.8%), managing health risks for service users (60.2%), and recruiting volunteers (59.5%). Promising strategies included strategies to reach out to older adults and understand their needs (e.g., systematic phone calls) in addition to direct interventions supporting them (e.g., activities promoting social ties); implementing prevention and protection measures; accessing and using technologies; human resources management (e.g., recruiting new volunteers); finding financial support for their organization; developing intersectoral partnerships (e.g., multisectoral crisis cell); and promoting a positive view of older adults. The integration of multiple perspectives from different stakeholders may help identify strategies potentially transferable to other crises in order to meet older adults' needs.

Usability of a Co-designed eHealth Prototype for Caregivers: Combination Study of Three Frameworks.

BACKGROUND: Co-design (or the participation of users) has shown great potential in the eHealth domain, demonstrating positive results. Nevertheless, the co-design approach cannot guarantee the usability of the system designed, and usability assessment is a complex analysis to perform, as evaluation criteria will differ depending on the usability framework (or set of criteria) used. ISO (International Organization for Standardization) on usability (ISO 9241-210), Nielsen heuristic, and Garrett element of user experience inform different yet complementary aspects of usability. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the usability and user experience of a co-design prototype by combining 3 complementary frameworks. METHODS: To help caregivers provide care for functionally impaired older people, an eHealth tool was co-designed with caregivers, health and social service professionals, and community workers assisting caregivers. The prototype was a website that aims to support the help-seeking process for caregivers (finding resources) and allow service providers to advertise their services (offering resources). We chose an exploratory study method to assess usability in terms of each objective. The first step was to assess users' first impressions of the website. The second was a task scenario with a think-aloud protocol. The final step was a semistructured interview. All steps were performed individually (with a moderator) in a single session. The data were analyzed using 3 frameworks. RESULTS: A total of 10 participants were recruited, 5 for each objective of the website. We were able to identify several usability problems, most of which were located in the information design and interface design dimensions (Garrett framework). Problems in both dimensions were mainly coded as effectiveness and efficiency (ISO framework) and error prevention and match between the systemand the real world (Nielsen heuristic). CONCLUSIONS: Our study provided a novel contribution about usability analysis by combining the 3 different models to classify the problems found. This combination provided a holistic understanding of the usability improvements needed. It can also be used to analyze other eHealth products. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.2196/11634.

Development of a Questionnaire Measuring Preventive Behaviors at Work.

Purpose This study aimed to develop a questionnaire measuring preventive behaviors at work. Methods A three-step design, including qualitative and quantitative methods, was followed: (1) item generation, (2) experts' validation of content, and (3) pretesting. Results For step 1, 49 relevant existing scales were reviewed, and a pool of 172 items was generated. Redundant items were deleted (n = 48), and unclear items were reworded (n = 27). For step 2, 14 experts (five occupational therapists, four researchers, and five workers) assessed the representativeness, relevance, and clarity of each item through content validity indices (CVIs). An average overall CVI of 0.97 was obtained, and 87.5% of the experts stated that the questionnaire was comprehensive. During this step, 63 items were deleted, and 35 were modified. For step 3, the tool was pretested in the clinical settings of four dyads (occupational therapist-worker). The thematic analysis of interview content allowed several changes to be made to the questionnaire, including the addition of information and format changes. Conclusions Overall, this three-step study led to the construction of a 61-item French questionnaire entitled the Échelle de fréquence des comportements préventifs au travail [Frequency Scale of Preventive Behaviors at Work]. In rehabilitation settings, this tool could be useful to support professionals in enabling workers to adopt preventive behaviors, thereby fostering a healthy, sustainable return to work after a disability period. However, further metrological property assessment is required. A validating study using a large pool of workers is ongoing.

Identifying clinicians' priorities for the implementation of best practices in cognitive rehabilitation post-acquired brain injury.

PURPOSE: To identify clinicians' perceptions of current levels of implementation of cognitive rehabilitation best practices, as well as individual and consensual group priorities for implementing cognitive rehabilitation interventions as part of a multi-site integrated knowledge translation initiative. METHOD: A two-step consensus-building methodology was used, that is the Technique for Research of Information by Animation of a Group of Experts (TRIAGE), including a cross-sectional electronic survey followed by consensual in-person group discussions to identify implementation priorities from a list of evidence-based practices for cognitive rehabilitation following traumatic brain injury and stroke. Thirty-eight professionals from three rehabilitation teams (n = 9, 13 and 16) participated, including neuropsychologists, occupational therapists, speech-language pathologists, educators, clinical coordinators and program managers. Descriptive statistics were used to document the perceived levels of implementation as well as individual and consensual group priorities. RESULTS: Most of the best practices (81-100%) were perceived as at least partially implemented by a minimum of 50% of the participants but only 20-25% of the practices were considered fully implemented. Findings suggest that current practices are mostly consistent with general cognitive rehabilitation principles suggested in guidelines but that further efforts are needed to support the application of specific cognitive rehabilitation strategies and interventions. Executive function and self-awareness retraining, as well as interventions promoting the generalization of skills, were among the highest implementation priorities. Consensual in-person group discussions, included as part of the TRIAGE process, also helped to define and operationalize these best practices into more specific intervention components according to the teams' needs and priorities. CONCLUSIONS: TRIAGE consensus-building methodology can be used to engage stakeholders and support clinicians' decision-making regarding the identification of implementation priorities in cognitive rehabilitation post-ABI in order to tailor the implementation process to local needs.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONThe Technique for Research of Information by Animation of a Group of Experts (TRIAGE) can be used to support clinicians' decision-making regarding the identification of implementation priorities in cognitive rehabilitation post-ABI.The combination of individual consultations followed by consensual in-person group discussions, as part of the TRIAGE process, may help clinicians in defining and operationalizing best practices into more specific intervention components to implement.Effective implementation strategies are needed to support the use of specific cognitive rehabilitation interventions in prioritized areas, such as executive function and self-awareness retraining, as well as generalization of skills.Some differences in clinicians' perceived priorities point up the importance of tailoring implementation to local needs and contexts from the early stages in the process.

Comparing Graph Clusterings: Set Partition Measures vs. Graph-Aware Measures.

In this paper, we propose a family of graph partition similarity measures that take the topology of the graph into account. These graph-aware measures are alternatives to using set partition similarity measures that are not specifically designed for graphs. The two types of measures, graph-aware and set partition measures, are shown to have opposite behaviors with respect to resolution issues and provide complementary information necessary to compare graph partitions.

The development of intimate relationships in adolescent girls and women with traumatic brain injury: a framework to guide gender specific rehabilitation and enhance positive social outcomes.

Background: Traumatic brain injury is a neurological disorder of biopsychosocial nature influenced by sex and gender interactions across the lifespan. Traumatic brain injury sustained during adolescence can result in cognitive and social communication impairments that compromise the development and maintenance of intimate social relationships. This can increase both short and long-term vulnerability to poor mental health, social isolation, lack of meaningful friendships, exploitation, and abuse. Females with traumatic brain injury experience greater loss of confidence and have increased risk of victimization, sexual abuse, and violence. This paper aims to provide a framework to inform gender specific rehabilitation of social communication and intimacy, to enhance positive social outcomes for girls and women with Traumatic Brain Injury.Methods: The framework is developed through presentation of a conceptual, multi-dimensional model of intimacy and discussion of current evidence regarding trauma-related cognitive/social-communication impairments and considerations regarding social media.Results: Intimacy is strongly influenced by today's technology-informed "youth culture" and for those with Traumatic Brain Injury, is impacted by cognitive and social communication impairments. Females experience different challenges in recovery and experience of intimacy. There is a need to support girls and women with Traumatic Brain Injury as they develop intimate relationships.Conclusions: This framework can guide the development of female gender-specific rehabilitation and inform future research to promote positive social outcomes.Implications for rehabilitationIntimate relationships are a critical component of mental health and an important part of human development; however, the challenges faced by adolescent girls and woman with TBI in developing and maintaining intimate relationships are often overlooked in traditional rehabilitation programs.A multi-dimensional model of intimacy will help rehabilitation professionals understand the complexities of interventions needed to support healthy intimacy, as well as for harm prevention.Rehabilitation professionals play an important role in advocating for gender-specific supports and interventions.There is a need for early interventions, grounded in today's technological and social media culture, that will support healthy intimacy for adolescent girls and women with TBI.

A computerized and innovative tool to guide interdisciplinary assessment: Exploring the feasibility of the implementation of the Competency Assessment Tool (CAT).

An electronic tool, the Competency Assessment Tool (CAT), was developed in order to guide interdisciplinary teams through clinical competency assessment. OBJECTIVES: To support the implementation and perpetuation of the CAT, the objectives were: 1) document health and social service professionals' needs in order to support the use of the CAT; 2) identify the facilitating factors and those hindering the implementation of the CAT in a healthcare establishment; 3) identify strategies favoring the use of the CAT. PARTICIPANTS: Health and social service professionals and doctors were recruited. METHODS: A qualitative study was realized by conducting focus groups with health and social service professionals and individual interviews with doctors. RESULTS: The results allowed us to bring to light the CAT's advantages, the issues associated with its implementation (facilitators and obstacles) and the needs to support its use. A number of avenues of intervention were identified and could be put in place to encourage the use of the CAT. CONCLUSION: This study will support the implementation of the CAT and ultimately, this will allow for the assurance that the decisions taken on the need for protection of vulnerable individuals will be just, rigorous and the fruit of a concerted ethical reflection.

Design and implementation of the Competency Assessment Tool (CAT): user experience usability study.

The decision on patients' competency to manage their affairs and take care of themselves requires a rigorous evaluation process and consistency among practice settings. Research indicates there is a lack of resources to guide healthcare and social service professionals in the interprofessional decision-making process that such an evaluation requires. A web-based tool, the Competency Assessment Tool (CAT), was designed to assist professionals in that process. The authors conducted a usability study with a beta version of the CAT. The objectives of this study were to: (1) explore what is needed to support its use in community-based and specialized settings; and (2) identify barriers to and facilitators of implementation. A major concern was the perceived onerous nature of the tool. Participants indicated a need for different versions of the tool, depending on the complexity of the evaluation. They want to be directed to areas in the tool based on their field of expertise and want adjustments to functionalities related to collaborative work. This study highlights the importance of the awareness of User Experience (UX) considerations at the outset of the design process, to limit the impact of required modifications and facilitate implementation in the workplace.

Clustering via hypergraph modularity.

Despite the fact that many important problems (including clustering) can be described using hypergraphs, theoretical foundations as well as practical algorithms using hypergraphs are not well developed yet. In this paper, we propose a hypergraph modularity function that generalizes its well established and widely used graph counterpart measure of how clustered a network is. In order to define it properly, we generalize the Chung-Lu model for graphs to hypergraphs. We then provide the theoretical foundations to search for an optimal solution with respect to our hypergraph modularity function. A simple heuristic algorithm is described and applied to a few illustrative examples. We show that using a strict version of our proposed modularity function often leads to a solution where a smaller number of hyperedges get cut as compared to optimizing modularity of 2-section graph of a hypergraph.

Systematic review of determinants influencing knowledge implementation in occupational therapy.

INTRODUCTION: In knowledge translation, implementation strategies are more effective in fostering practice change. When using these strategies, however, many determinants, such as individual or organisational factors, influence implementation. Currently, there is a lack of synthesis concerning how these determinants influence knowledge implementation (KI). The aim of this systematic review was to document how determinants influence KI outcomes with occupational therapists. METHOD: Following the PRISMA statement, we systematically reviewed the literature on KI in occupational therapy across 12 databases: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, AMED, PsychINFO, Cochrane Library, FirstSearch, Web of Science, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, ERIC, Education Source and Sociological Abstracts. Eligible studies reported KI strategies specifically with occupational therapists. Selected studies were appraised for quality with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), we categorised reported mentions of CFIR (sub-)constructs to identify the determinants studied most often, how they were documented and what influence they had on outcomes. RESULTS: Twenty-two studies were analysed for this review. CFIR (sub-)constructs were mentioned 81 times, and seven (sub-)constructs received at least 5% of these mentions (4/81). These were as follows: (i) Adaptability of the practice; (ii) Learning climate; (iii) Leadership engagement; (iv) Available resources; (v) Knowledge and Beliefs about the Intervention; (vi) Individual Stage of Change; and vii) Executing the KI strategy. The Inner setting domain was the most documented and the domain with the most (sub-)constructs with at least four mentions (3/7). Most studies used questionnaires as assessment tools, but these were mainly non-standardised scales. The data were too heterogenous to perform a meta-analysis. CONCLUSION: Seven (sub-)constructs mentioned most often would benefit from being assessed for salience by researchers intending to develop a KI strategy for occupational therapists. Future research aimed at improving our understanding of KI should also consider using standardised tools to measure the influence of determinants.

Prioritizing the Needs of Caregivers of Older Adults to Support Their Help-Seeking Process as a First Step to Developing an eHealth Tool: The Technique for Research of Information by Animation of a Group of Experts (TRIAGE) Method.

BACKGROUND: Caregivers of functionally dependent older persons sometimes seek formal services to support their relatives. However, this process of help-seeking is complex. OBJECTIVE: The overall aim of the study was to use a co-design approach to develop an electronic health (eHealth) tool to support caregivers in their process of help-seeking. This study presents the first step of the design phase, which aimed to prioritize the user needs to be considered during the development of an eHealth tool. METHODS: A total of 3 groups of caregivers, community workers, and health and social service professionals participated in either a co-design session (1 or 2) or an advisory committee in 2 rural areas and 1 urban area. The needs identified in the academic literature and during a previous study were sorted (Technique for Research of Information by Animation of a Group of Experts [TRIAGE] method) by the participants (referred to in this study as co-designers) to obtain a consensus on those to be prioritized. Needs identified, grouped, and removed were ranked and compared. RESULTS: Of the initial list of 32 needs, 12 were modified or merged, 3 added, and 7 deleted as the co-designers felt that the needs were poorly formulated, redundant, irrelevant, or impossible to meet. In the end, 19 needs were identified for the design of the eHealth tool. CONCLUSIONS: Many of the identified needs are informational (eg, having access to up-to-date information) and are probably met by existing tools. However, many others are emotional (eg, being encouraged to use the services) and offer an interesting challenge to eHealth tool development. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.2196/11634.

Requirements for an Electronic Health Tool to Support the Process of Help Seeking by Caregivers of Functionally Impaired Older Adults: Co-Design Approach.

BACKGROUND: In Quebec, Canada, many public, community, and private organizations provide resources to caregivers of functionally impaired older adults. Nevertheless, these resources may be difficult for caregivers to find. A co-design study was conducted to address the gap between caregivers and access to resources. The purpose of this study was to support the process of help seeking by caregivers of functionally impaired older adults through electronic health (eHealth). OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to focus on the identification of functional and content requirements for an eHealth tool to support the help-seeking process of caregivers of functionally impaired older adults. METHODS: This study uses a co-design process based on qualitative action research approach to develop an eHealth tool with health and social service professionals (HSSPs), community workers, and caregivers. The participants acted as co-designers in identifying requirements for the tool. A total of 4 design workshops and 1 advisory committee session were held in different locations in Quebec, Canada. Activities were videotaped and analyzed with a conceptual framework of user experience. RESULTS: A total of 11 caregivers, 16 community workers, and 11 HSSPs participated in identifying the requirements for the eHealth tool. Several functional and content requirements were identified for each user need (19). Content requirements differed depending on the category of participant, corresponding to the concept of user segmentation in the design of information and communication technology. Nevertheless, there were disagreements among co-designers about specific functionalities, which included (1) functionalities related to the social Web, (2) functionalities related to the evaluation of resources for caregivers, and (3) functionalities related to the emerging technologies. Several co-design sessions were required to resolve disagreements. CONCLUSIONS: Co-designers (participants) were able to identify functional and content requirements for each of the previously identified needs; however, several discussions were required to achieve consensus. Decision making was influenced by identity, social context, and participants' knowledge, and it is a challenge to reconcile the different perspectives. The findings stressed the importance of allowing more time to deal with the iterative aspect of the design activity, especially during the identification of requirements of an eHealth tool. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.2196/11634.