Ultrasonographic evaluation of gallbladder functions in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to evaluate gallbladder function in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients. METHODS: The functions of gallbladder were investigated every 30 min for 4 h. In addition, ejection fraction of the gallbladder was calculated from the fasting and post-prandial volumes. RESULTS: In IBS patients and healthy controls, fasting gallbladder volumes were 19.64 +/- 3.09 mL and 20.04 +/- 1.82 mL, and residual volumes after 3 h were 3.36 +/- 6.82 mL and 9.74 +/- 1.50 mL. Except for the residual volume after 3 h, all these results were not statistically significant. Residual volume after 3 h was statistically significantly lower in the IBS patients than in the controls (P < 0.001). Ejection fraction of the gallbladder was significantly higher in the IBS patients than in the controls (84% vs 55%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Gallbladder contraction in patients with IBS was not different from that of a control group at post-prandial second hour but was signigicantly more pronounced at the end of 3 h when compared with controls. Ejection fraction of the gallbladder was higher in IBS patients when compared with controls.

Hydatid disease with atypical localization: 4 cases report.

Hydatid disease caused by Echinococcus often manifests as slowly growing cystic mass and mainly affects the liver or lung and rarely other parts of the body such as brain, heart, bone and muscle. Cyst may be single or multiple, uni-or multiloculated. In this paper 4 hydatic cases, multiple and atypically localized are presented. Of the 4 cases, 2 were known to suffer from hydatid disease, having had a hepatic cyst removal previously. Thus, when faced with a hydatid cyst in any part of the body, it is preferable to examine other parts of the body by radiological imaging methods.

Role of perineal sonography in the evaluation of patients with stress urinary incontinence.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine the role of perineal sonography in diagnosis of stress urinary incontinence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients with stress urinary incontinence and 17 age-matched control patients were included in the study. Perineal sonography was carried out in both groups to evaluate the role of this technique in the diagnosis of stress urinary incontinence. By using the posterior edge of the symphysis pubis as a reference point, posterior urethra-vesical angle (beta angle) and the angle between the vertical axis and urethral axis(alpha angle) were measured at rest and on straining. Bladder neck mobility was evaluated only at the cephalocaudal plane by measuring the desensus diameter. RESULTS: Posterior urethro-vesical angle (beta angle) was found to be significantly different between the study and control groups both at rest and on straining (P < 0.05). The angle between the vertical axis and urethral axis (alpha angle) was found to be significantly different between study and control groups only on straining (P < 0.05). Cephalocaudal distance (desensus diameter) was longer in patients with stress urinary incontinence (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Perineal sonography has an important role in diagnosing patients with stress urinary incontinence.