Evaluation of Microleakage of Different Types of Pit and Fissure Sealants: An In Vitro Comparative Study.

Aim: Compare and evaluate the microleakage of different types of pit and fissure sealants, 3M ESPE Clinpro, GC Fuji Triage Capsule, and 3M ESPE Filtek Z350 XT. Materials and methods: A total of 54 freshly extracted maxillary and mandibular premolar teeth were used and randomly divided into three groups of 18 teeth each, and the following pit and fissure sealants were used: group I-Clinpro, group II-GC Fuji Triage Capsule, and group III-Filtek Z350 XT. Samples underwent thermocycling at 5° and 55°C with a dwell time of 10 seconds for 250 cycles. The apices of the teeth were sealed with impression compound, and two coats of fingernail polish were applied and immersed in 5% methylene blue dye for 24 hours and then sectioned. The sectioned specimens were then analyzed at 4× magnification under a stereomicroscope for dye penetration and were evaluated based on Williams and Winters' criteria. Results: The data were collected for statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics included mean, standard deviation (SD), frequency, and percentage. Inferential statistics included the Chi-squared test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the post hoc Tukey's test. The level of significance was set at 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval, and the results revealed that the mean difference of the sealants was GC Fuji Triage (2.1667), Clinpro (0.7778), and Filtek Z350 XT (0.1667). Conclusion: Filtek Z350 XT exhibited the least microleakage when compared to Clinpro and GC Fuji Triage, with their mean difference statistically significant. Hence, Filtek Z350 XT can be a promising sealant and a restorative material. How to cite this article: Prabahar T, Chowdhary N, Konkappa KN, et al. Evaluation of Microleakage of Different Types of Pit and Fissure Sealants: An In Vitro Comparative Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(5):535-540.

Remineralization efficacy of nonfluoride versus herbal-based pediatric dentifrice in demineralized primary teeth.

BACKGROUND: Dental caries is one of the most prevalent posteruptive bacterial infections worldwide, characterized by a progressive demineralization process that affects the mineralized dental tissues. Although the decline of dental caries prevalence can be attributed to the widespread use of dentifrices that contain fluoride, yet there is a need for an advanced alternative nonfluoride remineralizing dentifrice. Yet, there is a need for an advanced alternative nonfluoride remineralizing dentifrice. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the remineralizing effect of nonfluoride-based and herbal-based pediatric dentifrice in demineralized primary teeth with an ideal in vitro method of pH cycling and evaluating the values under Polarized Light Microscope (Olympus BX43) using image analysis software (ProgRes, Speed XT core3). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 30 tooth samples were collected and placed in the demineralizing solution for 96 h to produce a demineralized lesion of approximately 100 µm, and then cut longitudinally into 60 sections that were randomly assigned to two groups with 27 samples each, Group A - nonfluoride-based dentifrice (Mee Mee®), Group B - herbal-based dentifrice (Mamaearth™), after which they were subjected to pH cycling for 7 days along with dentifrice slurry preparation. The sections were evaluated under the polarizing light microscopy for remineralizing efficacy. The lesion depth was measured and tabulated to be sent for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The mean demineralization value for nonfluoride and herbal-based dentifrice groups were 7.8730 µm and 28.3174 µm, respectively. Hence, it can be inferred that since lesion depth measured was lesser in nonfluoride than herbal-based dentifrice, remineralization has occurred in the nonfluoride-based dentifrice group. CONCLUSION: Nonfluoride-based dentifrice showed significant results in remineralizing the demineralized lesion, while herbal-based dentifrice showed poor efficiency in remineralizing the demineralized lesion.

Comparative Evaluation of Occlusal Bite Force in Relation to the Muscle Activity in the Mixed Dentition Children of Age Group 9-12 Years: A T-scan Analysis.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE: Compare and evaluate the muscle activity and the occlusal force between the mixed dentition boys and girls of 9-12 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 15 boys and 15 girls. The occlusal force and activity of the masseter and temporalis muscle were measured with a T-scan device using a sensor, a module to transmit the signals to a computer and the complete data of the bite force and muscle activity with the EMG recordings and data were collected and evaluated. RESULTS: Relative occlusal force in the primary and permanent molars between the boys and girls showed no significant difference on the left side compared to the right. The electromyography values of masseter and temporalis in boys and girls showed a significant difference in which (TAR and MMR), (TAR and MML), (TAL and MMR), and (TAL and MML) are significant. The overall paired sample statistics showed higher muscle activity in masseter. CONCLUSION: T-scan analysis has proved to be a dependable method for the evaluation of occlusal bite force with the muscle activity interpretation using EMG. This study concluded that there is a difference in the occlusal pattern and muscle activity in the mixed dentition that showed the maximum force was on the permanent molars and the symmetry of EMGs activity in children was on the right masseter comparatively with higher bite values in boys compared to girls. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: T-scan is a computerized analysis system that helps in the proper assessment of the patient's occlusion and assists in the proper treatment planning and diagnosis accurately without much effort. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Prabahar T, Gupta N, Chowdhary NR, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Occlusal Bite Force in Relation to the Muscle Activity in the Mixed Dentition Children of Age Group 9-12 Years: A T-scan Analysis. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(S-1):S29-S34.