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1.
Cell ; 187(8): 1971-1989.e16, 2024 Apr 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38521060

RESUMO

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) share many clinical, pathological, and genetic features, but a detailed understanding of their associated transcriptional alterations across vulnerable cortical cell types is lacking. Here, we report a high-resolution, comparative single-cell molecular atlas of the human primary motor and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices and their transcriptional alterations in sporadic and familial ALS and FTLD. By integrating transcriptional and genetic information, we identify known and previously unidentified vulnerable populations in cortical layer 5 and show that ALS- and FTLD-implicated motor and spindle neurons possess a virtually indistinguishable molecular identity. We implicate potential disease mechanisms affecting these cell types as well as non-neuronal drivers of pathogenesis. Finally, we show that neuron loss in cortical layer 5 tracks more closely with transcriptional identity rather than cellular morphology and extends beyond previously reported vulnerable cell types.


Assuntos
Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica , Degeneração Lobar Frontotemporal , Córtex Pré-Frontal , Animais , Humanos , Camundongos , Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica/genética , Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica/metabolismo , Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica/patologia , Demência Frontotemporal/genética , Degeneração Lobar Frontotemporal/genética , Degeneração Lobar Frontotemporal/metabolismo , Degeneração Lobar Frontotemporal/patologia , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Neurônios/metabolismo , Córtex Pré-Frontal/metabolismo , Córtex Pré-Frontal/patologia , Análise da Expressão Gênica de Célula Única
2.
Nat Commun ; 14(1): 5714, 2023 09 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37714849

RESUMO

A repeat expansion in the C9orf72 (C9) gene is the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Here we investigate single nucleus transcriptomics (snRNA-seq) and epigenomics (snATAC-seq) in postmortem motor and frontal cortices from C9-ALS, C9-FTD, and control donors. C9-ALS donors present pervasive alterations of gene expression with concordant changes in chromatin accessibility and histone modifications. The greatest alterations occur in upper and deep layer excitatory neurons, as well as in astrocytes. In neurons, the changes imply an increase in proteostasis, metabolism, and protein expression pathways, alongside a decrease in neuronal function. In astrocytes, the alterations suggest activation and structural remodeling. Conversely, C9-FTD donors have fewer high-quality neuronal nuclei in the frontal cortex and numerous gene expression changes in glial cells. These findings highlight a context-dependent molecular disruption in C9-ALS and C9-FTD, indicating unique effects across cell types, brain regions, and diseases.


Assuntos
Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica , Demência Frontotemporal , Humanos , Demência Frontotemporal/genética , Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica/genética , Proteína C9orf72/genética , Transcriptoma/genética , Epigenoma , Mutação
3.
Acta Neuropathol ; 134(5): 715-728, 2017 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28808785

RESUMO

We previously found C9orf72-associated (c9ALS) and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS) brain transcriptomes comprise thousands of defects, among which, some are likely key contributors to ALS pathogenesis. We have now generated complementary methylome data and combine these two data sets to perform a comprehensive "multi-omic" analysis to clarify the molecular mechanisms initiating RNA misregulation in ALS. We found that c9ALS and sALS patients have generally distinct but overlapping methylome profiles, and that the c9ALS- and sALS-affected genes and pathways have similar biological functions, indicating conserved pathobiology in disease. Our results strongly implicate SERPINA1 in both C9orf72 repeat expansion carriers and non-carriers, where expression levels are greatly increased in both patient groups across the frontal cortex and cerebellum. SERPINA1 expression is particularly pronounced in C9orf72 repeat expansion carriers for both brain regions, where SERPINA1 levels are strictly down regulated across most human tissues, including the brain, except liver and blood, and are not measurable in E18 mouse brain. The altered biological networks we identified contain critical molecular players known to contribute to ALS pathology, which also interact with SERPINA1. Our comprehensive combined methylation and transcription study identifies new genes and highlights that direct genetic and epigenetic changes contribute to c9ALS and sALS pathogenesis.


Assuntos
Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica/genética , Proteína C9orf72/genética , Cerebelo/metabolismo , Metilação de DNA , Lobo Frontal/metabolismo , alfa 1-Antitripsina/genética , Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica/metabolismo , Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica/patologia , Proteína C9orf72/metabolismo , Cerebelo/patologia , Expansão das Repetições de DNA , Éxons , Lobo Frontal/patologia , Humanos , alfa 1-Antitripsina/metabolismo
4.
Nat Neurosci ; 18(8): 1175-82, 2015 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26192745

RESUMO

Increasing evidence suggests that defective RNA processing contributes to the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This may be especially true for ALS caused by a repeat expansion in C9orf72 (c9ALS), in which the accumulation of RNA foci and dipeptide-repeat proteins are expected to modify RNA metabolism. We report extensive alternative splicing (AS) and alternative polyadenylation (APA) defects in the cerebellum of c9ALS subjects (8,224 AS and 1,437 APA), including changes in ALS-associated genes (for example, ATXN2 and FUS), and in subjects with sporadic ALS (sALS; 2,229 AS and 716 APA). Furthermore, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H (hnRNPH) and other RNA-binding proteins are predicted to be potential regulators of cassette exon AS events in both c9ALS and sALS. Co-expression and gene-association network analyses of gene expression and AS data revealed divergent pathways associated with c9ALS and sALS.


Assuntos
Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica/genética , Cerebelo/metabolismo , Lobo Frontal/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/genética , Proteínas/genética , RNA/metabolismo , Transcriptoma/genética , Adulto , Idoso , Processamento Alternativo , Proteína C9orf72 , Estudos de Associação Genética , Ribonucleoproteínas Nucleares Heterogêneas Grupo F-H/metabolismo , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Poliadenilação/genética , Análise de Sequência de RNA
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