Efectos adversos cutáneos del imatinib (inhibidor de la tirosín cinasa) / Adverse Skin Effects of Imatinib, a Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor

El imatinib mesilato es un inhibidor de la tirosín cinasa de administración oral que inhibe la BCR-abl, c-KIT y el platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR). Sus indicaciones fundamentales son la leucemia mieloide crónica y los tumores del estroma gastrointestinal. En Dermatología se emplea en enfermedades como el dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, esclerosis sistémica y mastocitosis sistémica, entre otras. Es un fármaco en general bien tolerado, con la mayoría de efectos adversos leves o moderados. Los efectos secundarios dermatológicos son muy frecuentes e incluyen erupciones cutáneas inespecíficas como edema o erupciones maculopapulosas o con características clínicas distintivas (liquenoides, psoriasiformes, pustulosis exantemática aguda generalizada, síndrome de Stevens- Johnson…). Identificar y tratar correctamente estas reacciones puede ayudar a optimizar la adherencia del paciente al tratamiento y mejorar el pronóstico de su enfermedad de base

Imatinib mesylate is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets the BCR-ABL, c-kit, and PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) receptors. Imatinib is mainly indicated for chronic myeloid leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumors but is also prescribed by dermatologists for dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, systemic sclerosis, and systemic mastocytosis, among other conditions. Most adverse effects are mild or moderate and therapy is generally well tolerated. Adverse skin effects are very common and include nonspecific manifestations such as edema and maculopapular rashes or eruptions of diverse types (lichenoid or psoriasiform lesions, acute generalized exanthematic pustulosis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and more). Identifying and properly treating these reactions can help optimize adherence to treatment and improve the prognosis of the underlying disease

Adverse skin effects of imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

Imatinib mesylate is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets the BCR-ABL, c-kit, and PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) receptors. Imatinib is mainly indicated for chronic myeloid leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumors but is also prescribed by dermatologists for dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, systemic sclerosis, and systemic mastocytosis, among other conditions. Most adverse effects are mild or moderate and therapy is generally well tolerated. Adverse skin effects are very common and include nonspecific manifestations such as edema and maculopapular rashes or eruptions of diverse types (lichenoid or psoriasiform lesions, acute generalized exanthematic pustulosis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and more). Identifying and properly treating these reactions can help optimize adherence to treatment and improve the prognosis of the underlying disease.

Novedades en el diagnóstico y tratamiento del síndrome periódico asociado al receptor del factor de necrosis tumoral / Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor---Associated Periodic Syndrome

El síndrome periódico asociado al receptor del factor de necrosis tumoral (TRAPS) es una rara enfermedad autosómica dominante que forma parte de los síndromes autoinflamatorios. Se caracteriza por episodios recurrentes de fiebre e inflamación en distintos sitios del organismo, siendo sus principales manifestaciones: las mialgias, el exantema eritematoso migratorio, el edema periorbitario y el dolor abdominal. El diagnóstico se realiza mediante el análisis genético y su pronóstico está determinado por el desarrollo de amiloidosis, secundaria a los episodios inflamatorios repetidos. Los tratamientos más utilizados son los corticoides y los inhibidores del TNF. Durante los últimos años, gracias a un mayor conocimiento de su patogénesis, se han logrado importantes avances en su diagnóstico y tratamiento. Como dermatólogos es importante tener en cuenta que las manifestaciones cutáneas son particularmente importantes en el TRAPS, ya que muchas veces guían al clínico hacia su correcto diagnóstico (AU)

Tumor necrosis factor receptor–associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) is a rare autosomal dominant disease included in the group of autoinflammatory syndromes. It is characterized by recurrent episodes of fever and inflammation in different regions of the body. The main clinical manifestations are myalgia, migratory erythematous rash, periorbital edema, and abdominal pain. The diagnosis is reached using gene analysis and prognosis depends on the appearance of amyloidosis secondary to the recurrent episodes of inflammation. Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors and corticosteroids are the most widely used treatments. In recent years, significant advances have been made in the diagnosis and treatment of TRAPS, thanks to a better understanding of its pathogenesis. Dermatologists must be aware that the skin manifestations of TRAPS are particularly important, as they are often diagnostic (AU)

Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome.

Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) is a rare autosomal dominant disease included in the group of autoinflammatory syndromes. It is characterized by recurrent episodes of fever and inflammation in different regions of the body. The main clinical manifestations are myalgia, migratory erythematous rash, periorbital edema, and abdominal pain. The diagnosis is reached using gene analysis and prognosis depends on the appearance of amyloidosis secondary to the recurrent episodes of inflammation. Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors and corticosteroids are the most widely used treatments. In recent years, significant advances have been made in the diagnosis and treatment of TRAPS, thanks to a better understanding of its pathogenesis. Dermatologists must be aware that the skin manifestations of TRAPS are particularly important, as they are often diagnostic.

Tratamiento de la enfermedad de Hailey-Hailey con láser de dióxido de carbono: tratamiento en 8 pacientes / Carbon Dioxide Laser Treatment in Hailey-Hailey Disease: A Series of 8 Patients

Introducción y objetivos: La enfermedad de Hailey-Hailey (EHH) o pénfigo familiar benigno es un rara genodermatosis ampollosa con herencia autosómica dominante. Cursa con erosiones cutáneas, localizadas principalmente en los grandes pliegues, que se sobreinfectan y pueden ser muy dolorosas e incapacitantes para los pacientes. Es una afección difícil de tratar, y aunque se han usado múltiples tratamientos tópicos y sistémicos para controlar los brotes de la enfermedad, ninguno de ellos consigue remisiones a medio-largo plazo. Pacientes y método: Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo de una serie de 8 casos de EHH tratados con láser CO2 en nuestro centro desde 1999 a 2011. Los pacientes tratados tenían una media de edad de 50,7 años, siendo 4 de ellos hombres y 4 mujeres. El seguimiento de los pacientes osciló entre uno y 12 años. Resultados: De los 8 pacientes tratados 6 obtuvieron unos resultados satisfactorios (4 pacientes con mejoría clínica>75% y 2 pacientes entre 50-75%). Esta eficacia se mantuvo a lo largo del tiempo. Los peores resultados se observaron en los pacientes tratados con potencias más bajas. Las zonas con recidiva de la enfermedad después del tratamiento se trataron con una segunda sesión de láser con buena respuesta. No observamos efectos adversos, salvo ligeros cambios texturales y de la pigmentación. Conclusiones: El láser de CO2 es un tratamiento eficaz y seguro a medio-largo plazo en los casos de EHH sintomáticos y refractarios a tratamientos convencionales (AU)

Introduction and objectives: Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD), or benign familial pemphigus, is arare autosomal dominant genodermatosis characterized by the formation of blisters. Eruptionsare usually located in large skin folds, and when blisters become infected the condition can bevery painful and disabling. HHD is difficult to treat. Many topical and systemic treatments have been used to bring exacerbations under control, but none have achieved medium- to long-term remission. Patients and methods: Retrospective study of 8 patients with HHD treated with carbon dioxide laser therapy in our hospital between 1999 and 2011. The patients’ mean age was 50.7 years. The 4 men and 4 women were followed for between 1 and 12 years. Results: Satisfactory outcomes were achieved for 6 of the patients. Clinical improvement was observed in more than 75% of the affected area in 4 patients and in 50% to 75% of the area in 2 patients. The effect of treatments was maintained over time. The poorest outcomes were observed in patients treated at lower potencies. When blistering recurred after treatment, a second laser session achieved a good response. We observed no adverse events other than slight changes in skin texture and pigmentation. Conclusions: Carbon dioxide laser therapy was safe and effective in producing medium- to long-term improvement in HHD symptoms that were refractory to conventional treatments (AU)

Carbon dioxide laser treatment in Hailey-Hailey disease: a series of 8 patients.

BACKGROUND: Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD), or benign familial pemphigus, is a rare autosomal dominant genodermatosis characterized by the formation of blisters. Eruptions are usually located in large skin folds, and when blisters become infected the condition can be very painful and disabling. HHD is difficult to treat. Many topical and systemic treatments have been used to bring exacerbations under control, but none have achieved medium- to long-term remission. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 8 patients with HHD treated with carbon dioxide laser therapy in our hospital between 1999 and 2011. The patients' mean age was 50.7 years. The 4 men and 4 women were followed for between 1 and 12 years. RESULTS: Satisfactory outcomes were achieved for 6 of the patients. Clinical improvement was observed in more than 75% of the affected area in 4 patients and in 50% to 75% of the area in 2 patients. The effect of treatments was maintained over time. The poorest outcomes were observed in patients treated at lower potencies. When blistering recurred after treatment, a second laser session achieved a good response. We observed no adverse events other than slight changes in skin texture and pigmentation. CONCLUSIONS: Carbon dioxide laser therapy was safe and effective in producing medium- to long-term improvement in HHD symptoms that were refractory to conventional treatments.